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Search All Research Studies
Topics
- Asthma (2)
- Blood Pressure (1)
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- (-) Racial and Ethnic Minorities (8)
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- Sex Factors (1)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 8 of 8 Research Studies DisplayedKrishnan JA, Margellos-Anast H, Kumar R
Coordinated Health Care Interventions for Childhood Asthma Gaps in Outcomes (CHICAGO) plan.
The purpose of this clinical trial was to compare an emergency-department- (ED) only intervention and home visits by community health workers for 6 months (ED-plus-home) and enhanced usual care (UC). The study enrolled children aged 5 to 11 years with uncontrolled asthma. The primary outcomes were change over 6 months in the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Asthma Impact Scale score in children and Satisfaction with Participation in Social Roles score in caregivers. The secondary outcomes included guideline-recommended ED discharge care and self-management. The study found that of the 373 children recruited, only 63% completed the 6-month follow-up visit. Differences in Asthma Impact Scores or caregivers' Satisfaction with Participation in Social Roles scores were not significant. However, in the intervention groups guideline-recommended ED discharge care improved significantly versus in the UC group, and self-management behaviors were significantly improved in the ED-plus-home group versus in the ED-only and UC groups.
AHRQ-funded; HS027804.
Citation: Krishnan JA, Margellos-Anast H, Kumar R .
Coordinated Health Care Interventions for Childhood Asthma Gaps in Outcomes (CHICAGO) plan.
J Allergy Clin Immunol Glob 2023 Aug; 2(3). doi: 10.1016/j.jacig.2023.100100..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice, Emergency Department, Clinical Decision Support (CDS), Health Information Technology (HIT), Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Valbuena VSM, Barbaro RP, Claar D
Racial bias in pulse oximetry measurement among patients about to undergo extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in 2019-2020: a retrospective cohort study.
This study examined whether pulse oximeters detect arterial hypoxemia less effectively in Black, Hispanic, and/or Asian patients than in White patients in respiratory failure who are about to undergo extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Data on adult patients with respiratory failure readings 6 hours before ECMO from 324 centers from January 2019 to July 2020 who were in the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization registry was used. The author’s primary analysis was of rates of occult hypoxemia-low arterial oxygen saturation (Sao(2) ≤ 88%) on arterial blood gas measurement despite a pulse oximetry reading in the range of 92% to 96%. The rate of pre-ECMO occult hypoxemia was 10.2% for 186 White patients with peripheral oxygen saturation; 21.5% for 51 Black patients; 8.6% for 70 Hispanic patients; and 9.2% for 75 Asian patients. The risk of occult hypoxemia was comparable for Hispanic and Asian patients to White patients, but the prevalence of occult hypoxemia was higher in Black patients than for White patients about to undergo ECMO for respiratory failure.
AHRQ-funded; HS028038.
Citation: Valbuena VSM, Barbaro RP, Claar D .
Racial bias in pulse oximetry measurement among patients about to undergo extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in 2019-2020: a retrospective cohort study.
Chest 2022 Apr;161(4):971-78. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2021.09.025..
Keywords: Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Medical Devices, Respiratory Conditions
Louisias M, Wright L, Phipatanakul W
Asthma in the melting pot.
This article highlights research advances related to asthma health disparities, and offers recommendations regarding innovative approaches to achieve equity and social justice for minority and low-income populations. Since traditional randomized controlled trials may not always be the most appropriate approach to health disparities research interventions, the authors suggest appropriate alternatives, such as the stepped-wedge design; or, because intervention trials are not always feasible, alternative analytic approaches such as mediation analysis or modeling could be used instead. Dissemination and implementation (D&I) research and the use of biomarkers to measure the social disadvantage impact of asthma outcomes are also discussed.
AHRQ-funded; HS022986.
Citation: Louisias M, Wright L, Phipatanakul W .
Asthma in the melting pot.
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2019 Feb;122(2):136-39. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2018.11.009.
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Keywords: Asthma, Disparities, Respiratory Conditions, Low-Income, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Oates GR, Hamby BW, Stepanikova I
Social determinants of adherence to pulmonary rehabilitation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Adherence to pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is low. Previous studies have focused on clinical predictors of PR completion. This study aimed to identify social determinants of adherence to PR. The findings showed that, relative to high adherence, low adherence is associated with limited functional capacity and current smoking, while moderate adherence is associated with socioeconomic disadvantage. The distinction highlights different pathways to suboptimal adherence and calls for tailored intervention approaches.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Oates GR, Hamby BW, Stepanikova I .
Social determinants of adherence to pulmonary rehabilitation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Copd 2017 Dec;14(6):610-17. doi: 10.1080/15412555.2017.1379070..
Keywords: Respiratory Conditions, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Social Determinants of Health
Goto T, Faridi MK, Gibo K
Sex and racial/ethnic differences in the reason for 30-day readmission after COPD hospitalization.
This retrospective cohort study used 2006-2012 data from the State Inpatient Database of eight geographically-diverse US states (Arkansas, California, Florida, Iowa, Nebraska, New York, Utah, and Washington) to examine 30-day readmissions in patients hospitalized for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In their analysis of all-payer population-based data, the authors found sex and racial/ethnic differences in the reason for 30-day readmission in patients hospitalized for COPD.
AHRQ-funded; HS023305.
Citation: Goto T, Faridi MK, Gibo K .
Sex and racial/ethnic differences in the reason for 30-day readmission after COPD hospitalization.
Respir Med 2017 Oct;131:6-10. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2017.07.056..
Keywords: Respiratory Conditions, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Hospital Readmissions, Sex Factors
Jolley SE, Hough CL, Clermont G
Relationship between race and the effect of fluids on long-term mortality after acute respiratory distress syndrome. secondary analysis of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Fluid and Catheter Treatment Trial.
Short-term follow-up in the Fluid and Catheter Treatment Trial (FACTT) suggested differential mortality by race with conservative fluid management, but no significant interaction. A post hoc analysis of FACTT and the Economic Analysis of Pulmonary Artery Catheters (EAPAC) study was performed. The researchers found that in their cohort, conservative fluid management may have improved 1-year mortality for non-Hispanic black patients with ARDS. However, they found no long-term benefit of conservative fluid management in white subjects.
AHRQ-funded; HS011620.
Citation: Jolley SE, Hough CL, Clermont G .
Relationship between race and the effect of fluids on long-term mortality after acute respiratory distress syndrome. secondary analysis of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Fluid and Catheter Treatment Trial.
Ann Am Thorac Soc 2017 Sep;14(9):1443-49. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201611-906OC..
Keywords: Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Respiratory Conditions, Mortality
Booth JN, 3rd, Redmond N, Sims M
The association of reduced lung function with blood pressure variability in African Americans: data from the Jackson Heart Study.
The reseaerchers evaluated the association between percent predicted lung-function and 24-hour blood pressure variability (BPV) in 1008 African Americans enrolled in the Jackson Heart Study who underwent ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring. They found that lung-function was not associated with increased 24-hour BPV.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Booth JN, 3rd, Redmond N, Sims M .
The association of reduced lung function with blood pressure variability in African Americans: data from the Jackson Heart Study.
BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2016 Jan 12;16:6. doi: 10.1186/s12872-015-0182-2.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Blood Pressure, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Risk, Respiratory Conditions
Foote EM, Singleton RJ, Holman RC
AHRQ Author: Steiner CA
Lower respiratory tract infection hospitalizations among American Indian/Alaska Native children and the general United States child population.
The authors described the change in lower respiratory tract infection-associated hospitalization rates for American Indian and Alaskan Native (AI/AN) children and for the general US child population aged less than 5 years. They found that the 2009-2011 AI/AN child average annual LRTI-associated hospitalization rate was 1.5 times higher than the US child rate. The Alaska and Southwest regions had the highest rates. The disparity was greatest for infant pneumonia-associated and 2009-2010 H1N1 influenza-associated hospitalizations.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Foote EM, Singleton RJ, Holman RC .
Lower respiratory tract infection hospitalizations among American Indian/Alaska Native children and the general United States child population.
Int J Circumpolar Health 2015;74:29256. doi: 10.3402/ijch.v74.29256.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Hospitalization, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Respiratory Conditions