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Research Studies is a monthly compilation of research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers and recently published in journals or newsletters.
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1 to 25 of 61 Research Studies Displayed
Riley AR, Williams CN, Moyer D
Parental posttraumatic stress symptoms in the context of pediatric post intensive care syndrome: impact on the family and opportunities for intervention.
Pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) survivors and their families experience ongoing impacts on physical, cognitive, and psychosocial functioning, described as Post-Intensive Care Syndrome (PICS). The objective of this study was to determine whether the posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) of parents predict the impact of critical illness on families following PICU admission beyond other factors (e.g., sex, race/ethnicity, age, insurance status, illness severity, family involvement or death).
AHRQ-funded; HS022981.
Citation:
Riley AR, Williams CN, Moyer D .
Parental posttraumatic stress symptoms in the context of pediatric post intensive care syndrome: impact on the family and opportunities for intervention.
Clin Pract Pediatr Psychol 2021 Jun;9(2):156-66. doi: 10.1037/cpp0000399..
Keywords:
Children/Adolescents, Caregiving, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Family Health and History, Stress
Shah AN, Auger KA, Sucharew HJ
Effect of parental adverse childhood experiences and resilience on a child's healthcare reutilization.
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with poor health outcomes in adults. Resilience may mitigate this effect. There is limited evidence regarding how parents' ACEs and resilience may be associated with their children's health outcomes. The objective of this study was to determine the association of parental ACEs and resilience with their child's risk of unanticipated healthcare reutilization.
AHRQ-funded; HS024735; HS026393.
Citation:
Shah AN, Auger KA, Sucharew HJ .
Effect of parental adverse childhood experiences and resilience on a child's healthcare reutilization.
J Hosp Med 2020 Nov;15(11):645-51. doi: 10.12788/jhm.3396..
Keywords:
Children/Adolescents, Family Health and History, Healthcare Utilization
Logan GE, Sahrmann JM, Gu H
Parental mental health care after their child's pediatric intensive care hospitalization.
Pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) hospitalization is traumatic for parents, and PTSD, depression, and anxiety have all been found in parents of PICU survivors. This retrospective observational cohort study examined parents of PICU survivors using insurance claims data from 2006 to 2013. Rates of mental health diagnoses, outpatient mental health visits, and prescriptions for antidepressants and anxiolytics were looked at 6 months before and 6 months after their child’s PICU admission. Of the 95,070 parents identified, 9.5% received a new mental health diagnosis in the 6 months after PICU hospitalization with mothers twice as likely to receive a new mental health diagnosis or take new medication than fathers. Parental diagnosis of acute stress disorder or PTSD increased by 87% from the pre-PICU to the post-PICU period.
AHRQ-funded; HS019455.
Citation:
Logan GE, Sahrmann JM, Gu H .
Parental mental health care after their child's pediatric intensive care hospitalization.
Pediatr Crit Care Med 2020 Nov;21(11):941-48. doi: 10.1097/pcc.0000000000002559..
Keywords:
Children/Adolescents, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Hospitalization, Caregiving, Behavioral Health, Family Health and History
Atkins M, Castro I, Sharifi M
Unmet social needs and adherence to pediatric weight management interventions: Massachusetts, 2017-2019.
This study examined the effects of housing insecurity and unmet social needs on adherence to pediatric weight management intervention (PWMI) programs. The authors used data from children enrolled in a 2017-2019 comparative effectiveness trial for 2 high-intensive PWMIs in Massachusetts. Families with housing security had higher contact hours with the program than families without. Children with 3 to 4 unmet social needs (parental stress, parental depression, food insecurity, and housing insecurity) also attended less hours of the program than those without.
AHRQ-funded; HS024332.
Citation:
Atkins M, Castro I, Sharifi M .
Unmet social needs and adherence to pediatric weight management interventions: Massachusetts, 2017-2019.
Am J Public Health 2020 Jul;110(S2):S251-s57. doi: 10.2105/ajph.2020.305772..
Keywords:
Children/Adolescents, Obesity: Weight Management, Obesity, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Socioeconomic Factors, Family Health and History
Upadhya KK, Psoter KJ, Connor KA
Cluster randomized trial of a pre/interconception health intervention for mothers in pediatric visits.
Recognizing that pediatric primary care focuses on family health and is an important location of contact for women of childbearing age, this project assessed the effectiveness of a pre/interconception women's health intervention delivered during pediatric primary care using a cluster randomized trial. The investigators concluded that pediatric visits are an opportune location for addressing maternal health. They indicated that this intervention demonstrated feasibility and improved outcomes for some but not all outcome.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation:
Upadhya KK, Psoter KJ, Connor KA .
Cluster randomized trial of a pre/interconception health intervention for mothers in pediatric visits.
Acad Pediatr 2020 Jul;20(5):660-69. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2019.10.003..
Keywords:
Family Health and History, Pregnancy, Women, Primary Care: Models of Care, Primary Care, Healthcare Delivery
Simione M, Sharifi M, Gerber MW
Family-centeredness of childhood obesity interventions: psychometrics & outcomes of the family-centered care assessment tool.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of a modified version of the Family Centered-Care Assessment (mFCCA) tool and to assess the family-centeredness of two clinical-community childhood obesity interventions. Using the mFCCA which demonstrated good psychometric properties for the assessment of family-centered care among parents of children with obesity, the investigators found that individualized health coaching is a family-centered approach to pediatric weight management.
AHRQ-funded; HS024332; HS022986.
Citation:
Simione M, Sharifi M, Gerber MW .
Family-centeredness of childhood obesity interventions: psychometrics & outcomes of the family-centered care assessment tool.
Health Qual Life Outcomes 2020 Jun 11;18(1):179. doi: 10.1186/s12955-020-01431-y..
Keywords:
Children/Adolescents, Obesity: Weight Management, Obesity, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Family Health and History
Poppert Cordts KM, Wilson AC, Riley AR
More than mental health: parent physical health and early childhood behavior problems.
The impacts of parental physical or mental health problems on early childhood behavior is discussed. This study uses data from 375 parents with a child between 18 months and 5 years. The authors found that higher levels of parent self-reported physical and mental health concerns indirectly influence child behavior symptoms. Impaired parent physical health was associated with poorer parental self-efficacy and disruptive child behavior. Mental health concerns were associated with a more negative parenting style and lower self-efficacy which was related to more child behavior symptoms.
AHRQ-funded; HS022981.
Citation:
Poppert Cordts KM, Wilson AC, Riley AR .
More than mental health: parent physical health and early childhood behavior problems.
J Dev Behav Pediatr 2020 May;41(4):265-71. doi: 10.1097/dbp.0000000000000755..
Keywords:
Children/Adolescents, Behavioral Health, Family Health and History, Caregiving
Lindly OJ, Crossman MK, Shui AM
Healthcare access and adverse family impact among U.S. children ages 0-5 years by prematurity status.
This study examined healthcare access and adverse family impact among U.S. children aged 0-5 years by prematurity status. A sample of 19,842 U.S. children from the 2016 and 2017 National Survey of Children’s Health was used to identify 242 very low birthweight (VBLW) and 2205 low birthweight and/or preterm (LBW/PTB) children. Adverse family impacts measured were ≥ $1000 in annual out-of-pocket medical costs, having a parent cut back or stop work, parental aggravation, and maternal or paternal health not excellent. Only VBLW children had a significantly higher risk of a parent cut back or stop work, but all premature birth children fared worse than other children in terms of the other adverse family impacts.
AHRQ-funded; HS000063.
Citation:
Lindly OJ, Crossman MK, Shui AM .
Healthcare access and adverse family impact among U.S. children ages 0-5 years by prematurity status.
BMC Pediatr 2020 Apr 17;20(1):168. doi: 10.1186/s12887-020-02058-0..
Keywords:
Children/Adolescents, Access to Care, Family Health and History
Voisin DR, Kim DH, Bassett SM
Pathways linking family stress to youth delinquency and substance use: exploring the mediating roles of self-efficacy and future orientation.
African American adolescents in poorer neighborhoods experience significant sanctions related to drug use and delinquency. In this study, the investigators examined whether high self-esteem and positive future orientation mediated parental stress and youth substance use and delinquency. The investigators concluded that major findings indicated that self-esteem mediated the relationship between family stress and both drug use and delinquency.
AHRQ-funded; HS000078.
Citation:
Voisin DR, Kim DH, Bassett SM .
Pathways linking family stress to youth delinquency and substance use: exploring the mediating roles of self-efficacy and future orientation.
J Health Psychol 2020 Feb;25(2):139-51. doi: 10.1177/1359105318763992..
Keywords:
Children/Adolescents, Family Health and History, Stress, Substance Abuse
Mork RL, Hogan PG, Muenks CE
Longitudinal, strain-specific Staphylococcus aureus introduction and transmission events in households of children with community-associated meticillin-resistant S aureus skin and soft tissue infection: a prospective cohort study.
This prospective cohort study examined methods of transmission for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in households with otherwise healthy children who have a MRSA infection. From 2012-2015 households in St. Louis with children who had a community-acquired MRSA skin and soft-tissue infection were longitudinally tracked. Children with other health issues were excluded. A baseline visit was conducted at the index patient’s primary home, followed by four quarterly visits over 12 months. With each visit, an interview and serial cultures were collected. Molecular typing was done of those samples to determine the distinct S aureus strain. MRSA recipients were most likely to live in a rental situation, and were more likely to share a bedroom with a strain-colonised individual. The most likely transmission source was shared bath towels. Pets were often recipients, but rarely the sole transmission source. Frequent handwashing decreased the likelihood of novel strains being introduced into the house and emphasizes the importance of hand hygiene.
AHRQ-funded; HS021736; HS024269
Citation:
Mork RL, Hogan PG, Muenks CE .
Longitudinal, strain-specific Staphylococcus aureus introduction and transmission events in households of children with community-associated meticillin-resistant S aureus skin and soft tissue infection: a prospective cohort study.
Lancet Infect Dis 2020 Feb;20(2):188-98. doi: 10.1016/s1473-3099(19)30570-5..
Keywords:
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Infectious Diseases, Community-Acquired Infections, Prevention, Children/Adolescents, Family Health and History
Anderson AC, Akre E, Chen J
Exploring national trends of patient- and family-centered care among US children.
This study examined national trends in the receipt of high-quality patient-physician communication and patient empowerment through behavioral health counseling among children in the United States. They used Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) data from 2010 to 2014. Two measures of patient- and family-centered care (PFCC) were analyzed: 1) a composite measure of high-quality patient-physician communication, and 2) patient empowerment through behavioral health counseling about healthy eating and exercise. There were high rates of receiving high-quality physician-patient communication (92-93%) as opposed to behavioral counseling about healthy eating (53-60%) and exercise (37-42%). There was a higher rate of high-quality physician-patient communication in 2014 than in 2010, but there was not a similar increase in receiving behavioral health counseling. Lower odds of receiving behavioral health counseling were found for parents with low income and low educational attainment as well as lack of insurance.
AHRQ-funded; HS022135.
Citation:
Anderson AC, Akre E, Chen J .
Exploring national trends of patient- and family-centered care among US children.
J Child Health Care 2019 Jun;23(2):200-12. doi: 10.1177/1367493518786015..
Keywords:
Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), Children/Adolescents, Clinician-Patient Communication, Communications, Patient and Family Engagement, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Family Health and History, Lifestyle Changes
Adrian M, McCauley E, Berk MS
Predictors and moderators of recurring self-harm in adolescents participating in a comparative treatment trial of psychological interventions.
This study compared outcomes for treatment of adolescents who have engaged in self-harm including suicide attempts and nonsuicidal self-injury. This randomized controlled tiral compared results with dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) to treatment with individual/group supportive therapy (IGST). 173 adolescents were randomized to receive 6 months of DBT or IGST. Assessments were made at baseline, midtreatment (3 months), and end of treatment at 6 months using the Suicide Attempt and Self –Injury Interview. Overall, DBT showed better rates of improvement than IGST. These was especially true of adolescents with higher levels of emotion dysregulation and parental psychopathology.
AHRQ-funded; HS022982.
Citation:
Adrian M, McCauley E, Berk MS .
Predictors and moderators of recurring self-harm in adolescents participating in a comparative treatment trial of psychological interventions.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2019 Oct;60(10):1123-32. doi: 10.1111/jcpp.13099..
Keywords:
Children/Adolescents, Behavioral Health, Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Family Health and History, Outcomes
Sohn H
Fraying families: demographic divergence in the parental safety net.
Improving life expectancies and health allows parents to provide for their children longer, but greater union dissolution among parents can weaken the safety net they can create for their adult children. Greater mortality, nonmarital childbearing, and divorce among families with lower socioeconomic status may be reinforcing inequalities across generations. This article examines two cohorts aged 25-49 from the 1988 (n = 7,246) and 2013 (n = 7,014) Panel Study of Income Dynamics Roster and Transfers Files.
AHRQ-funded; HS000046.
Citation:
Sohn H .
Fraying families: demographic divergence in the parental safety net.
Demography 2019 Aug;56(4):1519-40. doi: 10.1007/s13524-019-00802-5..
Keywords:
Family Health and History
Baskind MJ, Taveras EM, Gerber MW
Parent-perceived stress and its association with children's weight and obesity-related behaviors.
Psychosocial stress is associated with obesity in adult and pediatric populations, but few studies have examined the relationship between parent-perceived stress and risk of child obesity and related behaviors. In this study, the investigators studied 689 pairs of parents and children aged 2 to 12 in Massachusetts with a body mass index (BMI) at or above the 85th percentile. The investigators found that among children with overweight or obesity, parent-perceived stress was associated with fast-food consumption and physical activity.
AHRQ-funded; HS024332; HS022986.
Citation:
Baskind MJ, Taveras EM, Gerber MW .
Parent-perceived stress and its association with children's weight and obesity-related behaviors.
Prev Chronic Dis 2019 Mar 28;16:E39. doi: 10.5888/pcd16.180368..
Keywords:
Children/Adolescents, Family Health and History, Lifestyle Changes, Obesity, Obesity: Weight Management, Risk, Stress
Bauer NS, Ofner S, Moore C
Assessment of the effects of pediatric attention deficit hyperactivity disorder on family stress and well-being: development of the IMPACT 1.0 scale.
This paper describes the IMPACT (Impact Measure of Parenting-Related ADHD Challenges and Treatment) 1.0 Scale which was codeveloped with input from parent advisors and administered to 79 parents of children with ADHD. It is a brief measure to assess ADHD impacts on family in the context of everyday family life. Exploratory factor analysis, correlations with validated instruments, and test-retest reliability were examined in the study.
AHRQ-funded; HS022434.
Citation:
Bauer NS, Ofner S, Moore C .
Assessment of the effects of pediatric attention deficit hyperactivity disorder on family stress and well-being: development of the IMPACT 1.0 scale.
Glob Pediatr Health 2019 Mar 15;6:2333794x19835645. doi: 10.1177/2333794x19835645..
Keywords:
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Behavioral Health, Children/Adolescents, Family Health and History, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Stress, Quality of Life
Faye AS, Polubriaginof F, Green PHR
Low rates of screening for celiac disease among family members.
This study determined how many family members of patients diagnosed with celiac disease were screened. Even among those patients with a family history, nearly 30% of symptomatic first-degree relatives were not tested. These tests are recommended in guidelines for all relatives with a documented family history.
AHRQ-funded; HS021816.
Citation:
Faye AS, Polubriaginof F, Green PHR .
Low rates of screening for celiac disease among family members.
Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019 Feb;17(3):463-68. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2018.06.016..
Keywords:
Diagnosis, Digestive Disease and Health, Family Health and History, Screening
Simon NJ, Richardson J, Ahmad A
Health utilities and parental quality of life effects for three rare conditions tested in newborns.
The purposes of this study were to estimate health utilities for three rare, heritable conditions currently recommended for newborn screening - Krabbe disease, phenylketonuria, and Pompe disease - and to estimate the spillover effects experienced by the parents of infants diagnosed with these disorders. A survey elicited health utilities for the three conditions at varying stages and onset of symptoms. Respondents valued disease specific health states in three question frames: adult, child, and parent spillover state. Results reported that more severe conditions and infant health states received lower estimated utility, and estimates of greater disutility among parents.
AHRQ-funded; HS020644.
Citation:
Simon NJ, Richardson J, Ahmad A .
Health utilities and parental quality of life effects for three rare conditions tested in newborns.
J Patient Rep Outcomes 2019 Jan 22;3(1):4. doi: 10.1186/s41687-019-0093-6..
Keywords:
Caregiving, Family Health and History, Newborns/Infants, Quality of Life, Screening
Kim DH, Bassett SM, So S
Family stress and youth mental health problems: self-efficacy and future orientation mediation.
This study assessed whether future orientation and self-esteem affected the relationship between family stress and mental health problems among African American youth in predominantly low-income neighborhoods. Youths (mainly female, average age 15.83 years old) were sampled for family stress, self-esteem, future orientation, mental health and other covariates such as gender and sexual orientation. A correlation was found between future orientation and self-esteem levels and family stress and mental health problems.
AHRQ-funded; HS000078.
Citation:
Kim DH, Bassett SM, So S .
Family stress and youth mental health problems: self-efficacy and future orientation mediation.
Am J Orthopsychiatry 2019;89(2):125-33. doi: 10.1037/ort0000371..
Keywords:
Children/Adolescents, Family Health and History, Low-Income, Behavioral Health, Racial / Ethnic Minorities, Stress, Vulnerable Populations
Fiechtner L, Fonte ML, Castro I
Determinants of binge eating symptoms in children with overweight/obesity.
In this study, the investigators examined the prevalence and multilevel determinants of three binge eating symptoms: (1) sneaking, hiding, or hoarding food; (2) eating in the absence of hunger, and (3) inhibition or embarrassment when eating in front of others among 817 children aged 5-12 years old with overweight/obesity receiving primary care in eastern Massachusetts. They examined the associations of child and parent/household characteristics with the prevalence ratios (PRs) of these three binge eating symptoms.
AHRQ-funded; HS024332; HS022986.
Citation:
Fiechtner L, Fonte ML, Castro I .
Determinants of binge eating symptoms in children with overweight/obesity.
Child Obes 2018 Nov/Dec;14(8):510-17. doi: 10.1089/chi.2017.0311..
Keywords:
Children/Adolescents, Obesity: Weight Management, Obesity, Nutrition, Family Health and History, Patient-Centered Healthcare
Crossman MK, Parish SL, Hauser-Cram P
The influence of early intervention, informal support and the family environment on trajectories of competence for fathers raising children with developmental disabilities.
The aims of this study are: (1) To determine the trajectory of parental competence for fathers of children with developmental disabilities from age 3 to age 15; (2) Controlling for child and family characteristics, determine the main effects of the family environment, informal support, and early intervention (EI) services on paternal competence when their child with a developmental disability was age 3; and (3) To determine whether there were lasting effects of the family environment, informal support, and the EI service system on differences in paternal competence over time.
AHRQ-funded; HS000063.
Citation:
Crossman MK, Parish SL, Hauser-Cram P .
The influence of early intervention, informal support and the family environment on trajectories of competence for fathers raising children with developmental disabilities.
Res Dev Disabil 2018 Oct;81:122-33. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2018.04.025..
Keywords:
Caregiving, Children/Adolescents, Disabilities, Family Health and History
Parrish KL, Hogan PG, Clemons AA
Spatial relationships among public places frequented by families plagued by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
In this study, the investigators mapped public places (including personal service establishments, fitness centers, pools, schools, and daycares) visited by members of households affected by community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) skin and soft tissue infection, in order to understand factors associated with CA-MRSA acquisition and infection.
AHRQ-funded; HS024269; HS021736.
Citation:
Parrish KL, Hogan PG, Clemons AA .
Spatial relationships among public places frequented by families plagued by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
BMC Res Notes 2018 Oct 1;11(1):692. doi: 10.1186/s13104-018-3797-4..
Keywords:
Community-Acquired Infections, Family Health and History, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
Muenks CE, Sewell WC, Hogan PG
Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus: the effects are more than skin deep.
The purpose of the study was to assess the psychosocial effects of a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) diagnosis on the households of children with MRSA skin and soft tissue infection (SSTI). The study found that primary caregivers of children with MRSA SSTI reported changing their health behaviors, altering their interactions with people outside of their home, and feeling isolated by others in response to their child's MRSA diagnosis.
AHRQ-funded; HS021736.
Citation:
Muenks CE, Sewell WC, Hogan PG .
Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus: the effects are more than skin deep.
J Pediatr 2018 Aug;199:158-65. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.04.002..
Keywords:
Caregiving, Children/Adolescents, Family Health and History, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Social Stigma
Polubriaginof FCG, Vanguri R, Quinnies K
Disease heritability inferred from familial relationships reported in medical records.
Electronic health records (EHRs) passively capture a wide range of clinically relevant data and provide a resource for studying the heritability of traits that are not typically accessible. This study used EHR data to compute heritability estimates for 500 disease phenotypes. These analyses provided a validation of the use of EHRs for genetics and disease research.
AHRQ-funded; HS021816; HS022961.
Citation:
Polubriaginof FCG, Vanguri R, Quinnies K .
Disease heritability inferred from familial relationships reported in medical records.
Cell 2018 Jun 14;173(7):1692-704.e11. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.04.032..
Keywords:
Data, Family Health and History, Genetics, Health Information Technology (HIT), Electronic Health Records (EHRs)
Churchill SS, Kieckhefer GM
One year follow-up of outcomes from the randomized clinical trial of the building on family strengths program.
This study tested the 12-month efficacy of an inclusive non-diagnosis-specific, parent education program with seven in-person sessions. The outcome measures were self-efficacy, parent and child shared management of chronic condition, coping skills, parental depressive symptoms and quality of life. All of the outcomes improved within the intervention group over 12 months.
AHRQ-funded; HS013384.
Citation:
Churchill SS, Kieckhefer GM .
One year follow-up of outcomes from the randomized clinical trial of the building on family strengths program.
Matern Child Health J 2018 Jun;22(6):913-21. doi: 10.1007/s10995-018-2467-4.
.
.
Keywords:
Children/Adolescents, Chronic Conditions, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Family Health and History, Patient and Family Engagement
Roberts MC, Dotson WD, DeVore CS
Delivery of cascade screening for hereditary conditions: a scoping review of the literature.
The authors conducted a scoping review to obtain a broad overview of cascade screening interventions, facilitators and barriers to their use, relevant policy considerations, and future research needs. They sought standardized best practices for optimizing cascade screening across various geographic and policy contexts, but found none. Studies in which trained providers contacted relatives directly, rather than through probands (index patients), showed greater cascade screening uptake; however, policies in some states might limit this approach.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation:
Roberts MC, Dotson WD, DeVore CS .
Delivery of cascade screening for hereditary conditions: a scoping review of the literature.
Health Aff 2018 May;37(5):801-08. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2017.1630.
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Keywords:
Family Health and History, Genetics, Policy, Screening
