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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 8 of 8 Research Studies DisplayedJardon C, Choi KR
COVID-19 experiences and mental health among graduate and undergraduate nursing students in Los Angeles.
This observational study’s purpose was to 1) describe the mental health of nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic, (2) investigate relationships between stressful COVID-19 experiences and mental health, and (3) examine correlates of mental health service use. The authors created a web-based survey to assess COVID-19 experiences, self-reported mental health, and mental health service utilization among nursing students in Los Angeles in spring 2021 (N = 174, 30.1% response rate). The survey measured stressful COVID-19 experiences (personal COVID-19 illness, hospitalization of close friends or family, and death of close friends or family), loneliness, resilience, depression, anxiety, COVID-19-related traumatic stress, and utilization of campus and noncampus mental health services. Students were found to have high levels of depression (30%), anxiety (38%), and traumatic stress (30%). No relationship was found between stressful COVID-19 experiences and mental health, but loneliness was associated with higher odds of mental health problems and resilience with lower odds. Students with primary caregiving responsibilities (OR = 0.22) and students who identified as Asian/Pacific Islander (OR = 0.24) had lower odds of mental health service utilization.
AHRQ-funded; HS026407.
Citation: Jardon C, Choi KR .
COVID-19 experiences and mental health among graduate and undergraduate nursing students in Los Angeles.
J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc 2024 Jan-Feb; 30(1):86-94. doi: 10.1177/10783903211072222..
Keywords: COVID-19, Provider: Nurse, Education: Academic, Burnout
Huff NR, Liu G, Chimowitz H
COVID-19 related negative emotions and emotional suppression are associated with greater risk perceptions among emergency nurses: a cross-sectional study.
The objectives of this study were to investigate the relationship between emergency nurses' emotional experiences in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and their perceptions of risk to both patients and themselves, and also to investigate the extent to which the use of suppression and reappraisal processes for emotion management were associated with these perceptions. Nurses' negative emotions in response to the pandemic were associated with greater perceptions of both personal and patient safety risks. Chronic tendencies to suppress emotions uniquely predicted higher perceptions of risk. The authors concluded that understanding the factors that influence perceptions of risk are important, since these perceptions can motivate behaviors that may impact patient safety adversely.
AHRQ-funded; HS025752.
Citation: Huff NR, Liu G, Chimowitz H .
COVID-19 related negative emotions and emotional suppression are associated with greater risk perceptions among emergency nurses: a cross-sectional study.
Int J Nurs Stud Adv 2023 Dec; 5:100111. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnsa.2022.100111.
Keywords: COVID-19, Emergency Department, Provider: Nurse
Barton AJ, Amura CR, Willems EL
Patient and provider perceptions of COVID-19-driven telehealth use from nurse-led care models in rural, frontier, and urban Colorado communities.
The aim of this study was to describe the patient and provider encounter in the unexpected telehealth application that took place with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Patients and providers from 3 nurse-led models of care (federally qualified health centers, nurse midwifery practices, and the Nurse-Family partnership program) in Colorado were surveyed. Data from the Patient Attitude toward Telehealth survey and Provider Perceptions about Telehealth were collected. Patients who resided in urban areas utilized telehealth with greater frequency than in rural or frontier areas. Across each of the 5 domains assessed, rural/frontier patients had significantly lower attitude scores than urban patients. The mode of Telehealth employed differed across location, with video calls utilized more frequently by urban providers, and phone calls utilized by rural/frontier providers.
AHRQ-funded; HS028085.
Citation: Barton AJ, Amura CR, Willems EL .
Patient and provider perceptions of COVID-19-driven telehealth use from nurse-led care models in rural, frontier, and urban Colorado communities.
J Patient Exp 2023 Jan 25; 10:23743735231151546. doi: 10.1177/23743735231151546..
Keywords: COVID-19, Telehealth, Primary Care, Patient Experience, Rural Health, Urban Health, Vulnerable Populations, Provider: Nurse
Aiken LH, Sloane DM, McHugh MD
A repeated cross-sectional study of nurses immediately before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: Implications for action
The goal of this cross-sectional study was to establish whether hospital nursing care shortages are primarily due to the COVID pandemic, and therefore likely to subside, or if shortages are due to understaffing and poor working conditions that predated the pandemic. The study considered registered nurses in New York and Illinois, and a subset of staff nurses employed in 357 hospitals, before and during the pandemic. While no evidence was found to show that large numbers of nurses left in the first 18 months of the pandemic, the study’s findings indicate that nurses in hospitals with better staffing and more favorable work environments prior to the pandemic reported significantly better outcomes. The authors concluded that policies that prevent chronic understaffing have the most potential to stabilize the hospital nurse workforce.
AHRQ-funded; HS028978.
Citation: Aiken LH, Sloane DM, McHugh MD .
A repeated cross-sectional study of nurses immediately before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: Implications for action
Nurs Outlook 2023 Jan-Feb; 71(1):101903. doi: 10.1016/j.outlook.2022.11.007..
Keywords: COVID-19, Provider: Nurse, Workforce, Burnout
Haidari E, Main EK, Cui X
Maternal and neonatal health care worker well-being and patient safety climate amid the COVID-19 pandemic.
The purpose of this study was to assess the perspectives of maternal and neonatal healthcare workers (HCWs) on well-being and patient safety amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Using HCW surveys, findings showed that 66% of respondents reported symptoms of burnout and 73% felt that burnout among their co-workers had significantly increased. Compared to physicians, nurses reported higher rates of unprofessional behavior and difficulty focusing on work. The authors concluded that three months into the COVID-19 pandemic, HCW well-being was substantially compromised, with negative ramifications for patient safety.
AHRQ-funded; HS027837.
Citation: Haidari E, Main EK, Cui X .
Maternal and neonatal health care worker well-being and patient safety climate amid the COVID-19 pandemic.
J Perinatol 2021 May;41(5):961-69. doi: 10.1038/s41372-021-01014-9..
Keywords: COVID-19, Burnout, Patient Safety, Provider: Nurse, Provider: Health Personnel, Maternal Care
Bettencourt AP, Vance AJ, Jun J
Maximizing the academic nursing model in the era of COVID-19 and beyond.
This opinion paper revisits the 2016 American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) position statement on academic nursing. In the age of COVID-19, the statement is reimagined as a means to maximize nursing’s contributions to this global health crises. The 2016 position statement discussed the potentials for nursing schools to work within healthcare systems beyond clinic training. Most academic nurses do not also provide clinical care which is limited by structural barriers that inhibit academic nursing transformation. Many academic nurses who also have a clinical practice have had to do so on their own time. This new vision would capitalize on nursing’s strength in population health. The authors urge nursing schools to transform their model of academic nursing.
AHRQ-funded; HS024552.
Citation: Bettencourt AP, Vance AJ, Jun J .
Maximizing the academic nursing model in the era of COVID-19 and beyond.
Nurs Outlook 2020 Sep-Oct;68(5):542-44. doi: 10.1016/j.outlook.2020.04.013..
Keywords: COVID-19, Nursing, Provider: Nurse, Public Health, Education: Academic
Shechter A, Diaz F, Moise N
Psychological distress, coping behaviors, and preferences for support among New York healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The mental health toll of COVID-19 on healthcare workers (HCW) is not yet fully described. In this study the authors, using a cross-sectional web survey, characterized distress, coping, and preferences for support among NYC HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic. They concluded that NYC HCWs, especially nurses and advanced practice providers, were experiencing COVID-19-related psychological distress.
AHRQ-funded; HS024262.
Citation: Shechter A, Diaz F, Moise N .
Psychological distress, coping behaviors, and preferences for support among New York healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2020 Sep-Oct;66:1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2020.06.007..
Keywords: COVID-19, Stress, Provider: Clinician, Provider: Physician, Provider: Nurse, Provider: Health Personnel, Behavioral Health
Shuman CJ, Costa DK
Stepping in, stepping up, and stepping out: competencies for intensive care unit nursing leaders during disasters, emergencies, and outbreaks.
In this paper, the authors discuss competencies for intensive care unit nursing leaders during disasters, emergencies, and outbreaks. They draw on the recent example of COVID-19s substantially burdened intensive care units and nursing staff. Informed by extant literature, American Organization of Nurse Leaders--identified competencies, and expert opinion, the authors suggest 3 areas of focused skill development to ensure leaders, especially leaders in ICU settings, are prepared for future crises.
AHRQ-funded; HS024552.
Citation: Shuman CJ, Costa DK .
Stepping in, stepping up, and stepping out: competencies for intensive care unit nursing leaders during disasters, emergencies, and outbreaks.
Am J Crit Care 2020 Sep 1;29(5):403-06. doi: 10.4037/ajcc2020421..
Keywords: Critical Care, Provider: Nurse, Nursing, COVID-19, Emergency Preparedness