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Research Studies is a monthly compilation of research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers and recently published in journals or newsletters.
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1 to 25 of 131 Research Studies DisplayedHarris S, Inoue S
Behavioral counseling interventions to promote a healthy diet and physical activity for CVD prevention in adults without CVD risk factors.
In this Putting Prevention into Practice case study to increase understanding of the USPSTF final recommendation on behavioral counseling interventions to promote a healthy diet and physical activity for CVD prevention in adults without CVD risk factors, a 49-year old patient presents for a wellness visit. The patient’s vital signs are described as well as their daily habits, diet, and other medical history. Three multiple-choice questions are presented regarding risk factors, interventions to be recommended, and the benefits of behavioral counseling to promote a healthy diet and physical activity, followed by their answers.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Harris S, Inoue S .
Behavioral counseling interventions to promote a healthy diet and physical activity for CVD prevention in adults without CVD risk factors.
Am Fam Physician 2022 Oct;106(4):439-40..
Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Prevention, Nutrition, Lifestyle Changes
De Guzman KR, Pratt M, Hwang A
Patient feedback and evaluation measures of a physical activity initiative: Exercise is Medicine program.
This paper discusses patient feedback and physician documentation practices for the Exercise is Medicine (EIM) initiative to increase physical activity (PA) with the objective of preventing chronic diseases. The initiative is currently being implemented in UC San Diego Health Systems’ primary care clinics. The research included collecting and summarizing patient perceptions of EIM and its components and to identify discrepancies between patient-reported feedback and primary care provider (PCP) documentation in corresponding visit notes in the electronic medical record (EMR). A 10-item survey was distributed via MyChart to 316 patients who provided patient recall of EIM components. Patient feedback was positive with approximately 70% of patients reporting having a PA discussion with their PCP at their most recent visit. However, only 21% of these discussions were documented by PCPs using the preprogrammed smartphrase in the EMR.
AHRQ-funded; HS026517.
Citation: De Guzman KR, Pratt M, Hwang A .
Patient feedback and evaluation measures of a physical activity initiative: Exercise is Medicine program.
Fam Pract 2022 Sep 24;39(5):813-18. doi: 10.1093/fampra/cmab178..
Keywords: Lifestyle Changes
Hashemi A, Vasquez K, Guishard D
Implementing dash-aligned congregate meals and self-measured blood pressure in two senior centers: An open label study.
This study tested whether implementing two evidence-based interventions--DASH-aligned meals provided through an existing congregate meal program, and support for home Self-Measured Blood Pressure (SMBP) monitoring--lowers blood pressure among participants at two senior centers serving low-income, racially diverse communities. Participants were clients aged ≥60, eating ≥4 meals/week at two NYC senior centers. They received DASH-aligned congregate meals, and training in nutrition, BP management education, and personal SMBP device. Primary outcomes was a) change in systolic BP measured by independent health professionals, and b) change in percent with "controlled BP" (Eighth Joint National Committee (JNC-8) Guidelines), at Month 1 compared to Baseline. The authors enrolled 94 participants, with COVID closures interrupting implementation mid-study. Mean systolic BP at Month-1 changed by -4.41 mmHg compared to Baseline. Participants with controlled BP increased at Month 1 and changes in mean BP at Month 1 was significantly correlated with BMI, age, and baseline BP. Mean systolic mean SMBP changed by -6.9 mmHg at Months 5/6.
AHRQ-funded; HS021667.
Citation: Hashemi A, Vasquez K, Guishard D .
Implementing dash-aligned congregate meals and self-measured blood pressure in two senior centers: An open label study.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022 Aug;32(8):1998-2009. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.05.018..
Keywords: Elderly, Blood Pressure, Community-Based Practice, Patient Self-Management, Nutrition, Lifestyle Changes, Vulnerable Populations
Wallace DD, Barrington C, Albrecht S
The role of stress responses on engagement in dietary and physical activity behaviors among Latino adults living with prediabetes.
This study used qualitative methods to understand how Latinos with prediabetes attempted to modify their diet and physical activity behaviors to slow type-2 diabetes progression and how stress affected their engagement in these behaviors. Findings showed that stress affected behavioral and cognitive progresses that adversely altered primarily dietary behaviors.
AHRQ-funded; HS000032.
Citation: Wallace DD, Barrington C, Albrecht S .
The role of stress responses on engagement in dietary and physical activity behaviors among Latino adults living with prediabetes.
Ethn Health 2022 Aug;27(6):1395-409. doi: 10.1080/13557858.2021.1880549..
Keywords: Stress, Nutrition, Lifestyle Changes, Racial / Ethnic Minorities, Diabetes, Chronic Conditions
Patnode CD, Redmond N, Iacocca MO
Behavioral counseling interventions to promote a healthy diet and physical activity for cardiovascular disease prevention in adults without known cardiovascular disease risk factors: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Serv
This paper’s objective was to synthesize the evidence on benefits and harms of behavioral counseling interventions to promote a healthy diet and physical activity in adults without known cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors to inform a USPSTF recommendation. Findings showed that healthy diet and physical activity behavioral counseling interventions for persons without a known risk of CVD were associated with small but statistically significant benefits across a variety of important intermediate health outcomes and small to moderate effects on dietary and physical activity behaviors.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500007I.
Citation: Patnode CD, Redmond N, Iacocca MO .
Behavioral counseling interventions to promote a healthy diet and physical activity for cardiovascular disease prevention in adults without known cardiovascular disease risk factors: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Serv
JAMA 2022 Jul 26;328(4):375-88. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.7408..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Lifestyle Changes, Cardiovascular Conditions, Risk, Prevention, Nutrition
Brown SD, Hedderson MM, Gordon N
Reach, acceptability, and perceived success of a telehealth diabetes prevention program among racially and ethnically diverse patients with gestational diabetes: the gem cluster-randomized trial.
The purpose of this study was to describe overall and race/ethnicity-specific reach, acceptability, and perceived success from an effective telehealth diabetes prevention lifestyle program for patients with gestational diabetes mellitus, implemented in the Gestational Diabetes Effects on Moms (GEM) cluster-randomized controlled trial. An intervention of 13 telephone sessions and behavior change techniques (BCTs) in a healthcare system were tested by GEM. Survey respondents largely rated BCTs as very helpful. Black and White respondents reported more limited success reaching a healthy weight than Asian/Pacific Islander, Hispanic, and multiracial/other women. The researchers concluded that a telehealth diabetes prevention lifestyle program showed both reach and acceptability across racial/ethnic groups, and that similar interventions could encourage preventive care access and help reduce disparities in the risk for diabetes.
AHRQ-funded; HS019367.
Citation: Brown SD, Hedderson MM, Gordon N .
Reach, acceptability, and perceived success of a telehealth diabetes prevention program among racially and ethnically diverse patients with gestational diabetes: the gem cluster-randomized trial.
Transl Behav Med 2022 Jul 18;12(7):793-99. doi: 10.1093/tbm/ibac019..
Keywords: Diabetes, Chronic Conditions, Telehealth, Health Information Technology (HIT), Prevention, Lifestyle Changes
Patil SJ, Tallon E, Wang Y
Effect of Stanford Youth Diabetes Coaches' Program on youth and adults in diverse communities.
This study’s objective was to assess the effects of the Stanford Youth Diabetes Coaches’ Program (SYDCP) on youth and adults from a rural and urban underserved high school community. The program trains high school students to become diabetes coaches for friends and adult family members. The authors used the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) measure Pediatric Sense of Meaning and Purpose. Coached adults were surveyed using measures from PROMIS Adult Global Health and Self-Efficacy. Twenty-five students participated in the study, with 15 having coached adults with diabetes or prediabetes. Postintervention results included significant improvement in students’ sense of meaning and purpose. Youth and adult-relatedness also led to improved health behaviors.
AHRQ-funded; HS022140.
Citation: Patil SJ, Tallon E, Wang Y .
Effect of Stanford Youth Diabetes Coaches' Program on youth and adults in diverse communities.
Fam Community Health 2022 Jul-Sep;45(3):178-86. doi: 10.1097/fch.0000000000000323..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Diabetes, Health Promotion, Lifestyle Changes
Schnitzer K, Senft N, Tindle HA
Understanding engagement behaviors and rapport building in tobacco cessation telephone counseling: an analysis of audio-recorded counseling calls.
This study explored smokers’ and counselors’ engagement and rapport-building behaviors in telephone counseling for smoking cessation and patterns of these behaviors by smokers’ psychiatric symptoms. The study transcribed audio-recorded counseling calls among recently hospitalized participants enrolled in a smoking cessation randomized controlled trial (RCT). The study used baseline RCT data to explore frequencies of smokers’ behaviors among smokers who reported more symptoms of depression (PHQ8 ≥ 10) or anxiety (GAD7 ≥ 10) at study entry. A total of 37 participants were included, who were mostly female (23), White (26), with a median age of 58. At study entry many participants experienced moderate-to-severe symptoms of depression (18/37) and anxiety (22/37). Counselor-led behaviors included building off priority interaction, empathy, normalizing challenges, reframing and summarizing, validating achievements, and expressing shared experiences. Participant-led engagement behaviors occurred more often among patients with higher baseline depression and anxiety symptoms compared to those with lower symptom scores.
AHRQ-funded; HS026122.
Citation: Schnitzer K, Senft N, Tindle HA .
Understanding engagement behaviors and rapport building in tobacco cessation telephone counseling: an analysis of audio-recorded counseling calls.
J Subst Abuse Treat 2022 Apr;135:108643. doi: 10.1016/j.jsat.2021.108643..
Keywords: Tobacco Use: Smoking Cessation, Tobacco Use, Patient and Family Engagement, Lifestyle Changes
Andreae SJ, Andreae LJ, Richman JS
Peer-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy-based intervention reduced depression and stress in community dwelling adults with diabetes and chronic pain: a cluster randomized trial.
Researchers examined whether a cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)-based program intended to increase physical activity despite chronic pain in patients with diabetes delivered by community members trained as peer coaches also improved depressive symptoms and perceived stress. They found that this peer-delivered CBT-based program improved depressive symptoms and stress in individuals with diabetes and chronic pain. They recommended training community members as a feasible strategy for offering CBT-based interventions in rural and under-resourced communities.
AHRQ-funded; HS019239.
Citation: Andreae SJ, Andreae LJ, Richman JS .
Peer-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy-based intervention reduced depression and stress in community dwelling adults with diabetes and chronic pain: a cluster randomized trial.
Ann Behav Med 2021 Oct 4;55(10):970-80. doi: 10.1093/abm/kaab034..
Keywords: Depression, Behavioral Health, Diabetes, Chronic Conditions, Treatments, Pain, Lifestyle Changes
Blok AC, Valley TS, Abbott P
Gamification for family engagement in lifestyle interventions: a systematic review.
This paper is a systematic review of studies on lifestyle interventions involving family members that were reviewed for game design elements using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework. Sixty-one studies met the inclusion criteria. A total of 50 independent interventions were reviewed, with 31 of these interventions addressing lifestyle in those with a chronic condition, and 19 addressed lifestyle in those at high risk for chronic conditions. Overall, there were limited elements utilized together although the majority of the studied lifestyle interventions included at least one game design element.
AHRQ-funded; HS028038.
Citation: Blok AC, Valley TS, Abbott P .
Gamification for family engagement in lifestyle interventions: a systematic review.
Prev Sci 2021 Oct;22(7):831-44. doi: 10.1007/s11121-021-01214-x..
Keywords: Lifestyle Changes, Family Health and History, Health Promotion
Mills J, O'Dowd N
Healthy diet and physical activity for cardiovascular disease prevention in adults with cardiovascular risk factors.
This “Putting Prevention into Practice: An Evidence Based Approach” paper is a case study with questions and answers related to healthy diet and physical activity for cardiovascular disease prevention in adults with cardiovascular risk factors.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Mills J, O'Dowd N .
Healthy diet and physical activity for cardiovascular disease prevention in adults with cardiovascular risk factors.
Am Fam Physician 2021 Oct 1;104(4):411-12..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Prevention, Lifestyle Changes, Risk, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Case Study
Fiechtner L, Castro Cheng, ER
Characteristics of achieving clinically important weight loss in two paediatric weight management interventions.
The purpose of this study was to examine characteristics and lifestyle behaviors associated with achieving clinically important weight loss (CIWL) in two pediatric weight management interventions (PWMIs). Findings showed that, in this analysis of children enrolled in PWMIs, achieving CIWL was associated with younger age, not having severe obesity, and consuming fewer sugary beverages at the end of the intervention.
AHRQ-funded; HS024332; HS022986.
Citation: Fiechtner L, Castro Cheng, ER .
Characteristics of achieving clinically important weight loss in two paediatric weight management interventions.
Pediatr Obes 2021 Sep;16(9):e12784. doi: 10.1111/ijpo.12784..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Obesity: Weight Management, Obesity, Lifestyle Changes
Hershberger PJ, Pei Y, Bricker DA
Advancing motivational interviewing training with artificial intelligence: ReadMI.
The research team developed and tested a training tool, Real-time Assessment of Dialogue in Motivational Interviewing (ReadMI), that uses natural language processing to provide immediate motivational interviewing (MI) metrics and thereby address the need for more effective MI training. They found that the more time a physician spent talking, the less likely the physician was engaging in MI-consistent interview behaviors, including open-ended questions, reflective statements, or use of a change ruler. They concluded that ReadMI produced specific metrics that a trainer can share with a student, resident, or clinician for immediate feedback.
AHRQ-funded; HS026548.
Citation: Hershberger PJ, Pei Y, Bricker DA .
Advancing motivational interviewing training with artificial intelligence: ReadMI.
Adv Med Educ Pract 2021 Jun 4;12:613-18. doi: 10.2147/amep.S312373..
Keywords: Lifestyle Changes, Clinician-Patient Communication, Patient and Family Engagement
Oikonomidi T, Ravaud P, James A
An international, mixed-methods study of the perceived intrusiveness of remote digital diabetes monitoring.
This paper describes an international online vignette-based survey to assess the relationship between remote digital monitoring (RDM) modalities for diabetes and intrusiveness in patients’ lives. The survey was conducted from February-June 2019 in 30 countries with 1010 participants. A total of 2680 vignette-assessments were completed with 52% on type 1 diabetes. Increased intrusiveness was associated with food monitoring compared with glucose- and PA-monitoring alone and permanent monitoring with real-time physician-generated feedback compared with monitoring for a week with feedback. Public-sector data handling was associated with decreased intrusiveness as compared with the private sector.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Oikonomidi T, Ravaud P, James A .
An international, mixed-methods study of the perceived intrusiveness of remote digital diabetes monitoring.
Mayo Clin Proc 2021 May;96(5):1236-47. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.07.040..
Keywords: Telehealth, Health Information Technology (HIT), Diabetes, Chronic Conditions, Lifestyle Changes, Patient Self-Management
Linke SE, Kallenberg GR, Kronick R
Integrating "Exercise Is Medicine" into primary care workflow: a study protocol.
As a major contributor to the burden of most chronic diseases, insufficient physical activity (PA) creates a significant financial burden on the health care system. Exercise Is Medicine (EIM) is a global health initiative committed to the belief that PA is integral to the prevention and treatment of diseases and should be routinely assessed as a vital sign and treated in the health care setting. This paper described an in-progress embedded quality improvement (QI) project that integrated EIM into routine clinical practice.
AHRQ-funded; HS026517.
Citation: Linke SE, Kallenberg GR, Kronick R .
Integrating "Exercise Is Medicine" into primary care workflow: a study protocol.
Transl Behav Med 2021 Apr 26;11(4):921-29. doi: 10.1093/tbm/ibaa088..
Keywords: Primary Care, Lifestyle Changes, Workflow, Healthcare Delivery
Gowey MA, Neumeier WH, Henry S
Executive function in individuals with clinically significant weight loss via behavioral intervention.
Researchers sought to characterize executive function (EF) in individuals who achieved clinically significant weight loss via behavioral intervention and to examine potential differences in EF between those who maintained versus regained lost weight. The study sample consisted primarily of women over age 50 with obesity; approximately half self-identified as African-American. The researchers found that most individuals with obesity who achieved clinically significant weight loss via behavioral intervention had average to above average EF; individuals who maintained their lost weight performed better on tests of decision-making.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Gowey MA, Neumeier WH, Henry S .
Executive function in individuals with clinically significant weight loss via behavioral intervention.
Obes Sci Pract 2021 Feb;7(1):25-34. doi: 10.1002/osp4.458..
Keywords: Obesity: Weight Management, Obesity, Lifestyle Changes
O'Connor EA, Evans CV, Rushkin MC
Behavioral counseling to pomote a healthy diet and physical activity for cardiovascular disease prevention in adults with cardiovascular risk factors: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
Researchers reviewed the benefits and harms of behavioral counseling interventions to improve diet and physical activity in adults with cardiovascular risk factors. They found that medium- and high-contact multisession behavioral counseling interventions to improve diet and increase physical activity for people with elevated blood pressure and lipid levels were effective in reducing cardiovascular events, blood pressure, low-density lipoproteins, and adiposity-related outcomes, with little to no risk of serious harm.
AHRQ-funded; 290201200015I.
Citation: O'Connor EA, Evans CV, Rushkin MC .
Behavioral counseling to pomote a healthy diet and physical activity for cardiovascular disease prevention in adults with cardiovascular risk factors: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2020 Nov 24;324(20):2076-94. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.17108..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Cardiovascular Conditions, Nutrition, Lifestyle Changes, Risk, Prevention, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines
Whooten RC, Horan C, Cordes J
Evaluating the implementation of a before-school physical activity program: a mixed-methods approach in Massachusetts, 2018.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the implementation of a widely available, before-school, physical activity program in a low-resource, racially/ethnically and socioeconomically diverse, urban school setting to identify adaptations needed for successful implementation. The investigators used a collaborative effort with stakeholders to implement the Build Our Kids' Success (BOKS) program in 3 schools in Revere, Massachusetts.
AHRQ-funded; HS000063.
Citation: Whooten RC, Horan C, Cordes J .
Evaluating the implementation of a before-school physical activity program: a mixed-methods approach in Massachusetts, 2018.
Prev Chronic Dis 2020 Oct 1;17:E116. doi: 10.5888/pcd17.190445..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Education, Implementation, Health Promotion, Prevention, Lifestyle Changes, Social Determinants of Health
Makelarski JA, DePumpo M, Boyd K
Implementation of systematic community resource referrals at small primary care practices to promote cardiovascular disease self-management.
The purpose of this study was to describe outcomes from implementation of a community resource referral system into small clinical practices to reduce cardiovascular disease risk. HealtheRx-H3, a printed list of resources for patients, was created. It was feasible to create practice-specific HealtheRx-H3s; however, systematic distribution of HealtheRx-H3s using digital electronic health record integration was found to be infeasible. Successful implementation of quality improvement strategies to systematize community resource referral solutions was feasible at small practices, but more research was recommended in order to understand what motivates small practices to participate in implementation of these solutions.
AHRQ-funded; HS023921.
Citation: Makelarski JA, DePumpo M, Boyd K .
Implementation of systematic community resource referrals at small primary care practices to promote cardiovascular disease self-management.
J Healthc Qual 2020 Sep/Oct;42(5):278-86. doi: 10.1097/jhq.0000000000000234..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Risk, Community-Based Practice, Patient Self-Management, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Primary Care, Implementation, Lifestyle Changes
Ferguson MC, Morgan MJ, O'Shea KJ
Using simulation modeling to guide the design of the Girl Scouts Fierce & Fit Program.
The goal of this study was to see if computational modeling would help to revise the design of the Girl Scouts Fierce & Fit Program. The Girl Scouts of Central Maryland worked with the researchers to develop a computational simulation model representing the 250 adolescent girls who were participating in the program to determine how their diets and physical activity affected their BMI and subsequent outcomes, including costs. As a result, the program changed from 6 weeks meeting twice a week with 5 minutes of physical activity each session to meeting 12 weeks with 30 minutes of physical activity each session. Cost savings were estimated at an additional $84,828 in lifetime direct medical costs, $81,365 in lifetime productivity losses, and 7.85 quality-adjusted life-years.
AHRQ-funded; HS023317.
Citation: Ferguson MC, Morgan MJ, O'Shea KJ .
Using simulation modeling to guide the design of the Girl Scouts Fierce & Fit Program.
Using simulation modeling to guide the design of the Girl Scouts Fierce & Fit Program.
Obesity 2020 Jul;28(7):1317-24. doi: 10.1002/oby.22827..
Obesity 2020 Jul;28(7):1317-24. doi: 10.1002/oby.22827..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Obesity: Weight Management, Obesity, Lifestyle Changes
Conroy MB, McTigue KM, Bryce CL
Effect of electronic health record-based coaching on weight maintenance: a randomized trial.
This study compared long-term weight regain after participation in a weight loss management program using an electronic health record (EHR)-based weight maintenance intervention program. Participants were adult outpatients with a BMI of 25 kg/m2 or higher, had intentional weight loss of at least 5% in the previous 2 years, and had no bariatric procedures in the previous 5 years. The EHR tools included weight, diet and physical activity tracking sheets, standardized surveys and reminders. Patients were randomly assigned to the coaching or non-coaching group. They were tracked for 24 months with 24 scheduled contacts. Results showed patients who used the EHR tools plus coaching had less weight regain than patients using EHR tools alone.
AHRQ-funded; HS021162.
Citation: Conroy MB, McTigue KM, Bryce CL .
Effect of electronic health record-based coaching on weight maintenance: a randomized trial.
Ann Intern Med 2019 Dec 3;171(11):777-84. doi: 10.7326/m18-3337..
Keywords: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Obesity: Weight Management, Obesity, Lifestyle Changes
Anderson AC, Akre E, Chen J
Exploring national trends of patient- and family-centered care among US children.
This study examined national trends in the receipt of high-quality patient-physician communication and patient empowerment through behavioral health counseling among children in the United States. They used Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) data from 2010 to 2014. Two measures of patient- and family-centered care (PFCC) were analyzed: 1) a composite measure of high-quality patient-physician communication, and 2) patient empowerment through behavioral health counseling about healthy eating and exercise. There were high rates of receiving high-quality physician-patient communication (92-93%) as opposed to behavioral counseling about healthy eating (53-60%) and exercise (37-42%). There was a higher rate of high-quality physician-patient communication in 2014 than in 2010, but there was not a similar increase in receiving behavioral health counseling. Lower odds of receiving behavioral health counseling were found for parents with low income and low educational attainment as well as lack of insurance.
AHRQ-funded; HS022135.
Citation: Anderson AC, Akre E, Chen J .
Exploring national trends of patient- and family-centered care among US children.
J Child Health Care 2019 Jun;23(2):200-12. doi: 10.1177/1367493518786015..
Keywords: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), Children/Adolescents, Clinician-Patient Communication, Communication, Patient and Family Engagement, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Family Health and History, Lifestyle Changes
Gibbs BB, Tudorascu D, Bryce CL
Lifestyle habits associated with weight regain after intentional loss in primary care patients participating in a randomized trial.
This study examined lifestyle habits associated with weight regain at 6 and 24 months after intentional loss in primary care patients. This randomized trial used adult primary care patients who had a recent weight loss of at least 5%. Lifestyle habits measured using the Connor Diet Habit Survey included consumption of low-fat foods, fish, desserts, sugary beverages, fruits and vegetables and eating at restaurants; moderate-vigorous physical activity by self-report; steps recorded on a pedometer; and sedentary behavior by self-report. Participants had a mean age of 53.4 years, were 26% male and 88% white. Overall, they maintained weight loss at 6 months, but began to regain weight at 24 months. The habits most attributed to weight regain included more eating at restaurants, less fish consumption, and less physical activity. More sedentary behavior was associated with weight regain at 6 months, and reduced consumption of low-fat foods and more desserts and sugary beverages were associated with weight regain at 24 months.
AHRQ-funded; HS021162.
Citation: Gibbs BB, Tudorascu D, Bryce CL .
Lifestyle habits associated with weight regain after intentional loss in primary care patients participating in a randomized trial.
J Gen Intern Med 2020 Nov;35(11):3227-33. doi: 10.1007/s11606-020-06056-x..
Keywords: Obesity: Weight Management, Obesity, Lifestyle Changes, Primary Care, Nutrition
Rundle AG, Chen Y, Quinn JW
Development of a neighborhood walkability index for studying neighborhood physical activity contexts in communities across the U.S. over the past three decades.
To examine how urban form shapes physical activity and health over time, a measure of neighborhood walkability is needed that can be linked to cohort studies with participants living across the United States (U.S.) that have been followed over the past decades. In this study, the Built Environment and Health-Neighborhood Walkability Index (BEH-NWI), a measure of neighborhood walkability that can be calculated for communities across the United States between 1990 and 2015, was conceptualized, developed, and tested using data from the New York City Tri-State Area.
AHRQ-funded; HS026120.
Citation: Rundle AG, Chen Y, Quinn JW .
Development of a neighborhood walkability index for studying neighborhood physical activity contexts in communities across the U.S. over the past three decades.
J Urban Health 2019 Aug;96(4):583-90. doi: 10.1007/s11524-019-00370-4
.
.
Keywords: Urban Health, Lifestyle Changes, Health Status, Social Determinants of Health
Brown SD, Fotuhi O, Grijalva CS
A randomized study of values affirmation to promote interest in diabetes prevention among women with a history of gestational diabetes.
The purpose of this study was to test whether two interventions promote interest in diabetes prevention among women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus. The researchers designed an email outreach message incorporating ‘values affirmation,’ a theory-based intervention, and promoting an existing preventive lifestyle program. Selected patients were randomized to read an outreach message containing either no affirmation (control) or 1 of 2 affirmations. Results showed that participants randomized to the values affirmation more frequently demonstrated interest in the lifestyle program and sought information about diabetes prevention, while the parenting affirmation yielded no significant differences in either outcome.
AHRQ-funded; HS019367.
Citation: Brown SD, Fotuhi O, Grijalva CS .
A randomized study of values affirmation to promote interest in diabetes prevention among women with a history of gestational diabetes.
Med Care 2019 Jul;57(7):528-35. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000001133..
Keywords: Diabetes, Chronic Conditions, Pregnancy, Women, Health Promotion, Prevention, Lifestyle Changes
