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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Adverse Drug Events (ADE) (1)
- Adverse Events (1)
- Alcohol Use (1)
- Behavioral Health (2)
- Comparative Effectiveness (1)
- Emergency Department (1)
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) (1)
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- (-) Opioids (14)
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- Policy (1)
- Practice Patterns (2)
- Provider: Pharmacist (1)
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- Risk (2)
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- (-) Substance Abuse (14)
- Surgery (3)
- Transitions of Care (1)
- Young Adults (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 14 of 14 Research Studies DisplayedBlanchard J, Weiss AJ, Barrett ML
State variation in opioid treatment policies and opioid-related hospital readmissions.
In this study, the investigators used 2013-2015 hospital inpatient discharge data from 13 states from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project to examine the relationship between state opioid treatment policies and 90-day opioid-related readmissions after a stay involving an opioid diagnosis. The concluded that differences in index hospitalization rates suggested that states with opioid treatment policies had a higher level of need for opioid-related intervention, which also may account for higher rates of readmission.
AHRQ-authored; AHRQ-funded; 290201300002C.
Citation: Blanchard J, Weiss AJ, Barrett ML .
State variation in opioid treatment policies and opioid-related hospital readmissions.
BMC Health Serv Res 2018 Dec 17;18(1):971. doi: 10.1186/s12913-018-3703-8..
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Hospital Readmissions, Medication, Opioids, Substance Abuse
Zhang Y, Johnson P, Jeng PJ
First opioid prescription and subsequent high-risk opioid use: a national study of privately insured and Medicare Advantage adults.
This study examined the association between a first opioid prescription and high-risk opioid use in the 18 months following the first prescription. A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from a large commercial insurance claims database for patients aged 18-64 and also Medicare Advantage patients aged 65 or older for 2011-2014. The patients initially had not used opioids. The features the researchers were looking for were: 1) opioid or benzodiazepine prescriptions overlapping 7 days or more, 2) opioid prescriptions overlapping for 7 days or more; 3) three or more prescribers of opioids; and 4) a daily dosage exceeding 120 morphine milligram equivalents, in each of the six quarters following the first prescription. All of those features were strongly associated with high-risk use.
AHRQ-funded; HS021531.
Citation: Zhang Y, Johnson P, Jeng PJ .
First opioid prescription and subsequent high-risk opioid use: a national study of privately insured and Medicare Advantage adults.
J Gen Intern Med 2018 Dec;33(12):2156-62. doi: 10.1007/s11606-018-4628-y..
Keywords: Opioids, Substance Abuse, Medication, Risk, Medicare, Health Insurance
Samples H, Williams AR, Olfson M
Risk factors for discontinuation of buprenorphine treatment for opioid use disorders in a multi-state sample of Medicaid enrollees.
The purpose of this study was to examine duration of buprenorphine treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD) following the initiation of treatment in order to identify risk factors for early discontinuation. Researchers analyzed insurance claims from the MarketScan multi-state Medicaid database for 2013 through 2015; their sample included adults aged 18-64 years who had an OUD diagnosis 6 months before initiating buprenorphine treatment. More than 1/4 of the sample discontinued buprenorphine in the first month of treatment, and most of the sample discontinued before 180 days. Risk factors for discontinuation were associated with significantly lower odds of treatment retention for at least 180 days. The study concludes that there is need to implement treatment models that address barriers to treatment retention more effectively.
AHRQ-funded; HS021112.
Citation: Samples H, Williams AR, Olfson M .
Risk factors for discontinuation of buprenorphine treatment for opioid use disorders in a multi-state sample of Medicaid enrollees.
J Subst Abuse Treat 2018 Dec;95:9-17. doi: 10.1016/j.jsat.2018.09.001..
Keywords: Medicaid, Medication, Opioids, Risk, Substance Abuse
Klueh MP, Hu HM, Howard RA
Transitions of care for postoperative opioid prescribing in previously opioid-naive patients in the USA: a retrospective review.
The purpose of this study was to identify specialties prescribing opioids to surgical patients who develop new persistent opioid use. Results showed that, among surgical patients who developed new persistent opioid use, surgeons provided the majority of opioid prescriptions during the first 3 months after surgery, but by 9 to 12 months after surgery, the majority of opioid prescriptions were provided by primary care physicians. Recommendations included enhanced care coordination between surgeons and primary care physicians to allow earlier identification of patients at risk for new persistent opioid use in order to prevent misuse and dependence.
AHRQ-funded; HS023313.
Citation: Klueh MP, Hu HM, Howard RA .
Transitions of care for postoperative opioid prescribing in previously opioid-naive patients in the USA: a retrospective review.
J Gen Intern Med 2018 Oct;33(10):1685-91. doi: 10.1007/s11606-018-4463-1..
Keywords: Transitions of Care, Opioids, Substance Abuse, Surgery, Pain, Medication, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Barry DT, Marshall BDL, Becker WC
Duration of opioid prescriptions predicts incident nonmedical use of prescription opioids among U.S. veterans receiving medical care.
Although nonmedical use of prescription opioids (NMUPO) is a public health problem, few studies have examined the new-onset NMUPO in clinical populations. This prospective cohort study estimated NMUPO incidence among veterans in medical care who had received prescription opioid medication and examined correlates of new-onset NMUPO. The investigators concluded that duration of prescription opioid receipt was a risk factor for incident NMUPO among veterans receiving medical care.
AHRQ-funded; HS021112; HS023258.
Citation: Barry DT, Marshall BDL, Becker WC .
Duration of opioid prescriptions predicts incident nonmedical use of prescription opioids among U.S. veterans receiving medical care.
Drug Alcohol Depend 2018 Oct 1;191:348-54. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.07.008..
Keywords: Medication, Opioids, Substance Abuse
Davis CS, Green TC, Hernandez-Delgado H
Status of US state laws mandating timely reporting of nonfatal overdose.
Timely, actionable, nonfatal overdose data are urgently needed to improve public health response to the overdose crisis. The purpose of this paper was to provide background and catalyze discussion regarding this important issue. The authors briefly report the results of a systematic analysis of state laws mandating reporting of nonfatal overdose, and provide suggestions for improving the collection and use of nonfatal overdose data to improve the public health response to this ongoing epidemic.
AHRQ-funded; HS024021.
Citation: Davis CS, Green TC, Hernandez-Delgado H .
Status of US state laws mandating timely reporting of nonfatal overdose.
Am J Public Health 2018 Sep;108(9):1159-61. doi: 10.2105/ajph.2018.304589..
Keywords: Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Medication, Opioids, Policy, Public Health, Substance Abuse
Marshall BDL, Green TC, Elston B
The effectiveness of internet- and field-based methods to recruit young adults who use prescription opioids nonmedically.
This study researched the effectiveness of field- and Internet-based methods to recruit young adults who are nonmedical prescription opioid (NMPO) users into intervention and treatment. Data was analyzed from the Rhode Island Young Adult Prescription Drug Study (RAPiDS). Internet-based recruitment was more successful (60.1%). Out of 198 eligible participants, median age was 25, and the majority were male, white, and resided in an urban area. Field-based recruited participants were more likely to be homeless, have been incarcerated and engage in daily NMPO use.
AHRQ-funded; HS024021.
Citation: Marshall BDL, Green TC, Elston B .
The effectiveness of internet- and field-based methods to recruit young adults who use prescription opioids nonmedically.
Subst Use Misuse 2018 Aug 24;53(10):1688-99. doi: 10.1080/10826084.2018.1425725.
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Keywords: Health Information Technology (HIT), Medication, Opioids, Substance Abuse, Young Adults
Sekhri S, Arora NS, Cottrell H
Probability of opioid prescription refilling after surgery: does initial prescription dose matter?
In this study, the investigators sought to determine the correlation between the probability of postoperative opioid prescription refills and the amount of opioid prescribed, hypothesizing that a greater initial prescription yields a lower probability of refill. The investigators concluded that the probability of refilling prescription opioids after surgery was not correlated with initial prescription strength, suggesting surgeons could prescribe smaller prescriptions without influencing refill requests.
AHRQ-funded; HS023313.
Citation: Sekhri S, Arora NS, Cottrell H .
Probability of opioid prescription refilling after surgery: does initial prescription dose matter?
Ann Surg 2018 Aug;268(2):271-76. doi: 10.1097/sla.0000000000002308..
Keywords: Medication, Opioids, Pain, Practice Patterns, Substance Abuse, Surgery
Olfson M, Crystal S, Wall M
Causes of death after nonfatal opioid overdose.
The purpose of this study was to describe all-cause mortality rates, selected cause-specific mortality rates, and standardized mortality rate ratios (SMRs) of adults during their first year after nonfatal opioid overdose. In a US national cohort of adults who had experienced a nonfatal opioid overdose, a marked excess of deaths was attributable to a wide range of substance use-associated, mental health, and medical conditions, underscoring the importance of closely coordinating the substance use, mental health, and medical care of this patient population.
AHRQ-funded; HS021112.
Citation: Olfson M, Crystal S, Wall M .
Causes of death after nonfatal opioid overdose.
JAMA Psychiatry 2018 Aug;75(8):820-27. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.1471..
Keywords: Behavioral Health, Mortality, Opioids, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Substance Abuse
Axeen S, Seabury SA, Menchine M
Emergency department contribution to the prescription opioid epidemic.
The investigators used MEPS data to characterize the relative contribution of emergency departments (EDs) to national opioid prescribing, to estimate trends in opioid prescribing by site of care, and to examine whether higher-risk opioid users receive a disproportionate quantity of their opioids from ED settings. During the study period, they found that the relative contribution of EDs to the prescription opioid problem was modest and declining. They therefore recommended that further efforts to reduce the quantity of opioids prescribed focus on office-based settings.
AHRQ-funded; HS024251.
Citation: Axeen S, Seabury SA, Menchine M .
Emergency department contribution to the prescription opioid epidemic.
Ann Emerg Med 2018 Jun;71(6):659-67.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2017.12.007..
Keywords: Behavioral Health, Emergency Department, Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), Medication, Opioids, Practice Patterns, Substance Abuse
Marsh JC, Park K, Lin YA
Gender differences in trends for heroin use and nonmedical prescription opioid use, 2007-2014.
This study uses National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) data to study gender differences in trends for heroin use and nonmedical prescription opioid use from 2007-2014. There has been a steady decline in nonmedical prescription heroin use but a notable increase in heroin use during this period for both men and women. However, women are increasing heroin use at a faster rate than men but their nonmedical prescription opioid use is not decreasing as fast as men. The researchers conclude that more study is needed on gender differences in use and treatment access.
AHRQ-funded; HS000084.
Citation: Marsh JC, Park K, Lin YA .
Gender differences in trends for heroin use and nonmedical prescription opioid use, 2007-2014.
J Subst Abuse Treat 2018 Apr;87:79-85. doi: 10.1016/j.jsat.2018.01.001..
Keywords: Medication, Opioids, Sex Factors, Substance Abuse
Raebel MA, Newcomer SR, Bayliss EA
Chronic opioid use emerging after bariatric surgery.
The purpose of this study was to determine opioid use the year after bariatric surgery among patients who did not use opioids chronically pre-surgery and to identify pre-surgery characteristics associated with chronic opioid use after surgery. It found that patients dispensed 60 to 119 days’ supply during the pre-surgery year were 13.23 to 14.29 times more likely to use opioids chronically post-surgery than patients without opioid use pre-surgery.
AHRQ-funded; HS019912.
Citation: Raebel MA, Newcomer SR, Bayliss EA .
Chronic opioid use emerging after bariatric surgery.
Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2014 Dec;23(12):1247-57. doi: 10.1002/pds.3625..
Keywords: Medication, Obesity, Opioids, Pain, Substance Abuse, Surgery
Werth SR, Sachdeva N, Roberts AW
North Carolina Medicaid recipient management lock-in program: the pharmacist's perspective.
The objectives of this study were (a) evaluate pharmacists’ perceptions of the implementation of the North Carolina (NC) recipient management lock-in program (MLIP) and (b) determine how the beliefs and attitudes of pharmacists could promote or inhibit its success. It concluded that, although possible improvements were identified, the NC MLIP has strong potential for success as it utilizes pharmacists’ medication gate-keeping role, while minimizing the effort required for successful implementation.
AHRQ-funded; HS000032.
Citation: Werth SR, Sachdeva N, Roberts AW .
North Carolina Medicaid recipient management lock-in program: the pharmacist's perspective.
J Manag Care Spec Pharm 2014 Nov;20(11):1122-9..
Keywords: Medicaid, Medication, Opioids, Provider: Pharmacist, Substance Abuse
Hartung DM, McCarty D, Fu R
Extended-release naltrexone for alcohol and opioid dependence: a meta-analysis of healthcare utilization studies.
The authors evaluated cost and utilization outcomes between extended-release naltrexone (XR-NTX) and other pharmacotherapies for treatment of alcohol and opioid dependence. They found that alcohol dependent XR-NTX patients had longer medication refill persistence versus acamprosate and oral naltrexone, with healthcare utilization and costs being generally lower or as low for XR-NTX-treated patients relative to other alcohol dependence agents. Opioid dependent XR-NTX patients had lower inpatient substance abuse-related utilization versus other agents and $8170 lower total cost versus methadone.
AHRQ-funded; HS019456.
Citation: Hartung DM, McCarty D, Fu R .
Extended-release naltrexone for alcohol and opioid dependence: a meta-analysis of healthcare utilization studies.
J Subst Abuse Treat 2014 Aug;47(2):113-21. doi: 10.1016/j.jsat.2014.03.007.
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Keywords: Alcohol Use, Comparative Effectiveness, Medication, Opioids, Substance Abuse