National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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Topics
- Behavioral Health (1)
- Blood Thinners (1)
- Brain Injury (1)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (5)
- Children/Adolescents (1)
- Comparative Effectiveness (1)
- Depression (1)
- Disparities (3)
- Elderly (4)
- Electronic Health Records (EHRs) (1)
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- Evidence-Based Practice (2)
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- Mortality (1)
- Nutrition (1)
- Outcomes (2)
- Palliative Care (1)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (5)
- Patient Safety (1)
- Pneumonia (1)
- Prevention (1)
- Quality of Life (1)
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities (8)
- Registries (1)
- Respiratory Conditions (1)
- Risk (3)
- (-) Sex Factors (21)
- Stroke (2)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 21 of 21 Research Studies DisplayedAcker WW, Plasek JM, Blumenthal KG
Prevalence of food allergies and intolerances documented in electronic health records.
The researchers sought to determine the prevalence of food allergy and intolerance documented in the EHR allergy module. Among 2.7 million patients, they identified 97,482 patients (3.6 percent) with 1 or more food allergies or intolerances. The prevalence of food allergy and intolerance was higher in females (4.2 percent vs 2.9 percent) and Asians (4.3 percent vs 3.6 percent).
AHRQ-funded; HS022728.
Citation: Acker WW, Plasek JM, Blumenthal KG .
Prevalence of food allergies and intolerances documented in electronic health records.
J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017 Dec;140(6):1587-91.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.04.006.
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Keywords: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Patient Safety, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Sex Factors
Goto T, Faridi MK, Gibo K
Sex and racial/ethnic differences in the reason for 30-day readmission after COPD hospitalization.
This retrospective cohort study used 2006-2012 data from the State Inpatient Database of eight geographically-diverse US states (Arkansas, California, Florida, Iowa, Nebraska, New York, Utah, and Washington) to examine 30-day readmissions in patients hospitalized for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In their analysis of all-payer population-based data, the authors found sex and racial/ethnic differences in the reason for 30-day readmission in patients hospitalized for COPD.
AHRQ-funded; HS023305.
Citation: Goto T, Faridi MK, Gibo K .
Sex and racial/ethnic differences in the reason for 30-day readmission after COPD hospitalization.
Respir Med 2017 Oct;131:6-10. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2017.07.056..
Keywords: Respiratory Conditions, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Hospital Readmissions, Sex Factors
Bucholz EM, Strait KM, Dreyer RP
Sex differences in young patients with acute myocardial infarction: a VIRGO study analysis.
This study sought to compare young women and men at the time of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) on six domains of demographic and clinical factors in order to determine whether they have distinct profiles. The authors concluded that young women with AMI represent a distinct, higher-risk population that is different from young men.
AHRQ-funded; HS023000.
Citation: Bucholz EM, Strait KM, Dreyer RP .
Sex differences in young patients with acute myocardial infarction: a VIRGO study analysis.
Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care 2017 Oct;6(7):610-22. doi: 10.1177/2048872616661847..
Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Risk, Sex Factors
Boehme AK, Carr BG, Kasner SE
Sex differences in rt-PA utilization at hospitals treating stroke: the National Inpatient Sample.
The researchers sought to explore sex and race differences in the utilization of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) at primary stroke centers (PSCs) compared to non-PSCs across the US. They found that women are less likely to receive rt-PA than men at both PSCs and non-PSCs. Absolute treatment rates are lowest in black women.
AHRQ-funded; HS17960; HS018362; HS013852.
Citation: Boehme AK, Carr BG, Kasner SE .
Sex differences in rt-PA utilization at hospitals treating stroke: the National Inpatient Sample.
Front Neurol 2017 Sep 27;8:500. Original Research. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00500.
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Keywords: Healthcare Delivery, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Sex Factors, Stroke
Albright KC, Howard VJ, Howard G
Age and sex disparities in discharge statin prescribing in the stroke belt: evidence from the reasons for geographic and racial differences in stroke study.
This study analyzed discharge medications for participants hospitalized for an ischemic stroke during follow-up of the REGARDS (Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke) study. It found that statin discharge prescribing may differ among Stroke Belt and non-Stroke Belt residents, particularly in older Americans and men.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009; HS013852.
Citation: Albright KC, Howard VJ, Howard G .
Age and sex disparities in discharge statin prescribing in the stroke belt: evidence from the reasons for geographic and racial differences in stroke study.
J Am Heart Assoc 2017 Aug 2;6(8). doi: 10.1161/jaha.117.005523.
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Keywords: Disparities, Medication, Stroke, Elderly, Sex Factors
Bersamira CS, Lin YA, Park K
Drug use among Asian Americans: Differentiating use by acculturation status and gender.
This study examined past-year drug use among Asian Americans with respect to ethnic subgroup, acculturation, and gender differences. Survey data were collected during the National Latino and Asian American Survey, a national epidemiological household survey of behavioral health prevalence and service utilization rates. The investigators indicate that findings suggest the need to better understand the heterogeneous character of Asian American drug use when considering the provision of culturally competent and linguistically appropriate prevention and treatment services.
AHRQ-funded; HS000084.
Citation: Bersamira CS, Lin YA, Park K .
Drug use among Asian Americans: Differentiating use by acculturation status and gender.
J Subst Abuse Treat 2017 Aug;79:76-81. doi: 10.1016/j.jsat.2017.06.002..
Keywords: Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Sex Factors, Substance Abuse
Vouri SM, Olsen MA, Theodoro D
Treated-and-released urinary catheterization in the emergency department by sex.
The prevalence of conditions associated with urinary catheterization (UC) visits in men and women were identified. The rate of UC in treated-and-released ED visits was higher in men than women, and UC rate increased with age. The heterogeneity of conditions coded in UC visits in women compared with men may suggest more potentially avoidable UC in women in the treated-and-released ED population.
AHRQ-funded; HS019455.
Citation: Vouri SM, Olsen MA, Theodoro D .
Treated-and-released urinary catheterization in the emergency department by sex.
Am J Infect Control 2017 Aug;45(8):905-10. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2017.02.025.
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Keywords: Emergency Department, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Sex Factors
Pietrowicz M, Hasegawa-Johnson M, Karahalios KG
Acoustic correlates for perceived effort levels in male and female acted voices.
To begin to study selected elements of vocal expression in acted speech, the investigators curated corpora from male actors' Hamlet and female actresses' Lady Macbeth soliloquy performances. Perception-grounded male and female acoustic feature sets which tracked the actors' expressive effort levels through the continuum of whispered, breathy, modal, and resonant speech were presented and validated via multiple models.
AHRQ-funded; HS022948.
Citation: Pietrowicz M, Hasegawa-Johnson M, Karahalios KG .
Acoustic correlates for perceived effort levels in male and female acted voices.
J Acoust Soc Am 2017 Aug;142(2):792. doi: 10.1121/1.4997189..
Keywords: Sex Factors
Stepanikova I, Oates GR, Bateman LB
Does one size fit all? The role of body mass index and waist circumference in systemic inflammation in midlife by race and gender.
This study investigated the associations of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) with markers of systemic inflammation in midlife by race and gender. Compared to White men, Black women have higher BMI and higher levels of all four inflammation markers; White women have lower BMI, lower WC, and lower E-selectin and fibrinogen but higher C-reactive protein, and Black men have higher fibrinogen.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Stepanikova I, Oates GR, Bateman LB .
Does one size fit all? The role of body mass index and waist circumference in systemic inflammation in midlife by race and gender.
Ethn Health 2017 Apr;22(2):169-83. doi: 10.1080/13557858.2016.1235681.
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Keywords: Health Status, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Risk, Sex Factors
Palamaner Subash Shantha G, Bhave PD, Girotra S
Sex-specific comparative effectiveness of oral anticoagulants in elderly patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation.
This study assessed the sex-specific, comparative effectiveness of direct oral anticoagulants (rivaroxaban and dabigatran), compared to each other and to warfarin among patients with atrial fibrillation. It concluded that the reduced risk of ischemic stroke in patients taking rivaroxaban, compared with dabigatran and warfarin, seems to be limited to men, whereas the higher risk of bleeding seems to be limited to women.
AHRQ-funded; HS023104.
Citation: Palamaner Subash Shantha G, Bhave PD, Girotra S .
Sex-specific comparative effectiveness of oral anticoagulants in elderly patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation.
Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2017 Apr;10(4). doi: 10.1161/circoutcomes.116.003418.
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Keywords: Elderly, Heart Disease and Health, Blood Thinners, Medication, Comparative Effectiveness, Cardiovascular Conditions, Sex Factors, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice
Musey PI, Jr., Kline JA
Do gender and race make a difference in acute coronary syndrome pretest probabilities in the emergency department?
The objective was to test for significant differences in subjective and objective pretest probabilities for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in chest pain patients. Despite consistently estimating the risk for ACS to be lower for both females and minorities concordantly with calculated objective pretest assessments, there does not appear to have been any significant decrease in subsequent evaluation of these perceived lower-risk groups when radiation exposure and costs are taken into account.
AHRQ-funded; HS018519.
Citation: Musey PI, Jr., Kline JA .
Do gender and race make a difference in acute coronary syndrome pretest probabilities in the emergency department?
Acad Emerg Med 2017 Feb;24(2):142-51. doi: 10.1111/acem.13131.
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Keywords: Sex Factors, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Cardiovascular Conditions, Emergency Medical Services (EMS)
Lu Y, Zhou S, Dreyer RP
Sex differences in inflammatory markers and health status among young adults with acute myocardial infarction: results from the VIRGO (Variation in Recovery: Role of Gender on Outcomes of Young Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients) Study.
This study assessed sex differences in post-acute myocardial infarction (AMI) inflammatory markers and whether such differences account for sex differences in 12-month health status, using data from 2219 adults with AMI, 18 to 55 years of age, in the United States. Overall, women had higher levels of inflammatory markers after AMI compared with men, and this remained statistically significant after multivariable adjustment.
AHRQ-funded; HS023000.
Citation: Lu Y, Zhou S, Dreyer RP .
Sex differences in inflammatory markers and health status among young adults with acute myocardial infarction: results from the VIRGO (Variation in Recovery: Role of Gender on Outcomes of Young Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients) Study.
Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2017 Feb;10(2):e003470. doi: 10.1161/circoutcomes.116.003470.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Health Status, Heart Disease and Health, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Sex Factors
Lu Y, Zhou S, Dreyer RP
Sex differences in lipid profiles and treatment utilization among young adults with acute myocardial infarction: results from the VIRGO study.
This study characterized sex differences in lipid profiles and treatment utilization among young adults with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Young women with AMI had slightly favorable lipid and lipoprotein profiles compared with men, suggesting that difference in lipid and lipoprotein may not be a major contributor to sex differences in outcomes after AMI.
AHRQ-funded; HS023000.
Citation: Lu Y, Zhou S, Dreyer RP .
Sex differences in lipid profiles and treatment utilization among young adults with acute myocardial infarction: results from the VIRGO study.
Am Heart J 2017 Jan;183:74-84. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2016.09.012.
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Keywords: Sex Factors, Heart Disease and Health, Healthcare Utilization, Women, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Womack VY, De Chavez PJ, Albrecht SS
A longitudinal relationship between depressive symptoms and development of metabolic syndrome: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study.
The researchers tested whether baseline and time-varying depressive symptoms were associated with metabolic syndrome incidence in black and white men and women from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study. They found that, over 15 years, the incidence rate of metabolic syndrome varied by race and sex, with the highest rate in black women followed by white men, black men, and white women. Depressive symptoms were associated with incident metabolic syndrome in white men and white women. However, they found no significant association between depression and metabolic syndrome among black men or black women.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Womack VY, De Chavez PJ, Albrecht SS .
A longitudinal relationship between depressive symptoms and development of metabolic syndrome: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study.
Psychosom Med 2016 Sep;78(7):867-73. doi: 10.1097/psy.0000000000000347.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Depression, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Sex Factors, Young Adults
de St Maurice A, Schaffner W, Griffin MR
Persistent sex disparities in invasive pneumococcal diseases in the conjugate vaccine era.
The authors examined sex differences in rates of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and trends after the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs). They concluded that rates of IPD were generally higher in male than in female subjects.
AHRQ-funded; HS022342.
Citation: de St Maurice A, Schaffner W, Griffin MR .
Persistent sex disparities in invasive pneumococcal diseases in the conjugate vaccine era.
J Infect Dis 2016 Sep 01;214(5):792-7. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiw222.
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Keywords: Pneumonia, Sex Factors, Vaccination, Prevention
Albrecht JS, McCunn M, Stein DM
Sex differences in mortality following isolated traumatic brain injury among older adults.
This retrospective cohort study's objective was to determine the possibility of sex differences in mortality among older adutls following isolated traumatic brain injury (TBI) and to comapre with findings using all TBI. The researchers did not find that women were significantly associated with decreased odds of mortality following isolated TBI.
AHRQ-funded; HS024560.
Citation: Albrecht JS, McCunn M, Stein DM .
Sex differences in mortality following isolated traumatic brain injury among older adults.
J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2016 Sep;81(3):486-92. doi: 10.1097/ta.0000000000001118.
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Keywords: Sex Factors, Trauma, Brain Injury, Mortality, Elderly
Just E, Casarett DJ, Asch DA
Differences in terminal hospitalization care between U.S. men and women.
The authors sought to determine whether men and women receive different care during terminal hospitalizations by examining sex-based differences in lengths of stay, resuscitation status, and intensive interventions and processes of care. They found that. compared with men, women had slightly shorter hospitalizations and were more likely to have a do-not-resuscitate order. Women remained less likely to receive care in an intensive care unit, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, mechanical ventilation, hemodialysis, or surgical procedures. The researchers concluded that men who die in hospitals receive more aggressive care than women.
AHRQ-funded; HS018425.
Citation: Just E, Casarett DJ, Asch DA .
Differences in terminal hospitalization care between U.S. men and women.
J Pain Symptom Manage 2016 Aug;52(2):205-11. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2016.01.013.
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Keywords: Disparities, Palliative Care, Hospitalization, Sex Factors, Elderly
Lipman GS, Krabak BJ, Rundell SD
Incidence and prevalence of acute kidney injury during multistage ultramarathons.
The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, incidence, and risk factors of acute kidney injury (AKI) during multistage ultramarathons. The authors found that prevalence of AKI was 63%-78% during multistage ultramarathons, and that female sex, lower pack weight, and greater weight loss were associated with renal impairment.
AHRQ-funded; HS022982.
Citation: Lipman GS, Krabak BJ, Rundell SD .
Incidence and prevalence of acute kidney injury during multistage ultramarathons.
Clin J Sport Med 2016 Jul;26(4):314-9. doi: 10.1097/jsm.0000000000000253.
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Keywords: Injuries and Wounds, Risk, Sex Factors, Outcomes
Piccini JP, Simon DN, Steinberg BA
Differences in clinical and functional outcomes of atrial fibrillation in women and men: two-year results from the ORBIT-AF Registry.
The purpose of this paper was to determine whether symptoms, quality of life, treatment, and outcomes differ between women and men with atrial fibrillation (AF). The authors found that women with AF have more symptoms and worse quality of life, lower risk-adjusted all-cause and cardiovascular death compared with men, but higher stroke rates.
AHRQ-funded; HS021092.
Citation: Piccini JP, Simon DN, Steinberg BA .
Differences in clinical and functional outcomes of atrial fibrillation in women and men: two-year results from the ORBIT-AF Registry.
JAMA Cardiol 2016 Jun 1;1(3):282-91. doi: 10.1001/jamacardio.2016.0529.
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Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Sex Factors, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Quality of Life, Registries, Evidence-Based Practice
Kinasz K, Accurso EC, Kass AE
Does sex matter in the clinical presentation of eating disorders in youth?
The authors compared demographic and clinical characteristics of child and adolescent males and females who presented for eating disorder treatment. They found that males presented at a significantly younger age and were more likely to be nonwhite, while females showed more severe pathology across the Eating Disorder Examination subscales. They suggested further exploration into why the sexes present differently.
AHRQ-funded; HS000078.
Citation: Kinasz K, Accurso EC, Kass AE .
Does sex matter in the clinical presentation of eating disorders in youth?
J Adolesc Health 2016 Apr;58(4):410-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2015.11.005.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Behavioral Health, Nutrition, Sex Factors
Lee S, Teschemaker AR, Daniel M
Calcium and vitamin D use among older adults in U.S.: results from national survey.
The investigators conducted this study to describe a 10-year trend of calcium and vitamin D use from 2000 to 2009 and to evaluate age, gender, and racial disparities using national level health data. They found variability in the access to the medications, despite the observed increases associated with calcium and vitamin D supplements.
AHRQ-funded; HS011673.
Citation: Lee S, Teschemaker AR, Daniel M .
Calcium and vitamin D use among older adults in U.S.: results from national survey.
J Nutr Health Aging 2016 Mar;20(3):300-5. doi: 10.1007/s12603-015-0614-9.
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Keywords: Disparities, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Sex Factors