National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
26 to 36 of 36 Research Studies DisplayedEllis CT, Samuel CA, Stitzenberg KB
National trends in nonoperative management of rectal adenocarcinoma.
The researchers examined the use of non-operative management (NOM) for rectal cancer over time and the patient- and facility-level factors associated with its use. They found evidence of increasing NOM use, with this increase occurring more frequently in black and uninsured/Medicaid patients, raising concern that increased NOM use may actually represent increasing disparities in rectal cancer care rather than innovation. They recommended further studies to assess survival differences by treatment strategy.
AHRQ-funded; HS000032.
Citation: Ellis CT, Samuel CA, Stitzenberg KB .
National trends in nonoperative management of rectal adenocarcinoma.
J Clin Oncol 2016 May 10;34(14):1644-51. doi: 10.1200/jco.2015.64.2066.
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Keywords: Cancer, Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Disparities, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Treatments
Brenner AT, Gupta S, Ko LK
Development of a practical model for targeting patient decision support interventions to promote colorectal cancer screening in vulnerable populations.
The authors sought to develop a practical model for predicting probability of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening completion in a diverse safety-net population and a subsequent framework for targeting screening promotion interventions. Their model and framework may be useful for designing and delivering targeted interventions to promote CRC screening.
AHRQ-funded; HS013853.
Citation: Brenner AT, Gupta S, Ko LK .
Development of a practical model for targeting patient decision support interventions to promote colorectal cancer screening in vulnerable populations.
J Health Care Poor Underserved 2016;27(2):465-78. doi: 10.1353/hpu.2016.0090.
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Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Decision Making, Health Promotion, Screening, Vulnerable Populations
Liu Z, Zhang K, Du XL
Risks of developing breast and colorectal cancer in association with incomes and geographic locations in Texas: a retrospective cohort study.
This study aimed to determine whether median household income was associated with the risk of developing breast and colorectal cancer in Texas and to identify higher cancer risks by race/ethnicity and geographic areas. It demonstrated that higher income was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer and a decreased risk of colorectal cancer in Texas.
AHRQ-funded; HS018956.
Citation: Liu Z, Zhang K, Du XL .
Risks of developing breast and colorectal cancer in association with incomes and geographic locations in Texas: a retrospective cohort study.
BMC Cancer 2016 Apr 26;16:294. doi: 10.1186/s12885-016-2324-z.
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Keywords: Cancer: Breast Cancer, Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Risk, Social Determinants of Health
Thompson KD, Connor SJ, Walls DM
Patients with ulcerative colitis are more concerned about complications of their disease than side effects of medications.
The survey’s aim was to better understand what aspects of ulcerative colitis (UC) and UC management, are most concerning to patients, and how they would like to be informed about treatment options. It found that most patients (87 percent) wanted to share treatment decision making with their doctors. Patients were most concerned about the risk of colorectal cancer (37 percent), and the possible need for an ileostomy (29 percent).
AHRQ-funded; HS021747.
Citation: Thompson KD, Connor SJ, Walls DM .
Patients with ulcerative colitis are more concerned about complications of their disease than side effects of medications.
Inflamm Bowel Dis 2016 Apr;22(4):940-7. doi: 10.1097/mib.0000000000000740.
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Keywords: Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Cancer, Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Care Management, Medication
Abdelsattar ZM, Wong SL, Regenbogen SE
Colorectal cancer outcomes and treatment patterns in patients too young for average-risk screening.
The researchers investigated the national treatment patterns and outcomes of patients younger than 50 with colorectal cancer (CRC). They found that patients with CRC diagnosed at age <50 years are more likely to present with advanced-stage disease. However, they receive more aggressive therapy and achieve longer disease-specific survival, despite the greater percentage of patients with advanced-stage disease.
AHRQ-funded; HS000053; HS020937.
Citation: Abdelsattar ZM, Wong SL, Regenbogen SE .
Colorectal cancer outcomes and treatment patterns in patients too young for average-risk screening.
Cancer 2016 Mar 15;122(6):929-34. doi: 10.1002/cncr.29716.
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Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Risk, Screening
Wancata LM, Banerjee M, Muenz DG
Conditional survival in advanced colorectal cancer and surgery.
The authors evaluated the impact of cancer-directed surgery on long-term survival in patients with advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). They found that five-year disease-specific conditional survival improves dramatically over time for selected patients with advanced CRC who undergo cancer-directed surgery.
AHRQ-funded; HS020937.
Citation: Wancata LM, Banerjee M, Muenz DG .
Conditional survival in advanced colorectal cancer and surgery.
J Surg Res 2016 Mar;201(1):196-201. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2015.10.021.
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Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Mortality, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Surgery
Acharya S, Fischer-Valuck BW, Kashani R
Online magnetic resonance image guided adaptive radiation therapy: first clinical applications.
The authors demonstrated the feasibility of online adaptive magnetic resonance (MR) image guided radiation therapy (MR-IGRT) with five patients with abdominopelvic malignancies. They successfully implemented online adaptive MR-IGRT with planning and quality assurance workflow suitable for routine clinical application. Clinical trials are in development to formally evaluate adaptive treatments for a variety of disease sites.
AHRQ-funded; HS022888.
Citation: Acharya S, Fischer-Valuck BW, Kashani R .
Online magnetic resonance image guided adaptive radiation therapy: first clinical applications.
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016 Feb;94(2):394-403. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2015.10.015.
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Keywords: Cancer, Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Imaging, Workflow
Liss DT, French DD, Buchanan DR
Outreach for annual colorectal cancer screening: a budget impact analysis for community health centers.
This budget impact analysis investigated benefits and costs of fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) outreach-with FIT kits mailed to patients, followed by reminders and phone calls-compared with point-of-care (POC) strategies. Cost per patient screened was $20.60 for POC and $71.84 for outreach ($51.24 difference). Outreach costs decreased by approximately one fourth under optimized workflows.
AHRQ-funded; HS021141.
Citation: Liss DT, French DD, Buchanan DR .
Outreach for annual colorectal cancer screening: a budget impact analysis for community health centers.
Am J Prev Med 2016 Feb;50(2):e54-61. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.07.003.
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Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Community-Based Practice, Health Promotion, Prevention, Screening
Singal AG, Gupta S, Tiro JA
Outreach invitations for FIT and colonoscopy improve colorectal cancer screening rates: a randomized controlled trial in a safety-net health system.
Among a racially diverse and socioeconomically disadvantaged cohort of patients, the researchers compared the effectiveness of fecal immunochemical test (FIT) outreach and colonoscopy outreach to increase screening participation rates, compared with usual visit-based care. Mailed outreach invitations appear to significantly increase colorectal cancer screening rates among underserved populations. In the current study, FIT-based outreach was found to be more effective than colonoscopy-based outreach.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Singal AG, Gupta S, Tiro JA .
Outreach invitations for FIT and colonoscopy improve colorectal cancer screening rates: a randomized controlled trial in a safety-net health system.
Cancer 2016 Feb 1;122(3):456-63. doi: 10.1002/cncr.29770.
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Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Cancer, Screening, Prevention
Killian JT, Holcomb CN, Graham LA
Delays in surgery for patients with coronary stents placed after diagnosis of colorectal cancer.
The researchers sought to determine whether the presence of a coronary stent affected the timing of colorectal cancer resection and the postoperative outcomes. They found that the median time from diagnosis to surgery was 100 days for patients who received a stent after a colonoscopy and 42 days for patients whose stent was present at the time of the colonoscopy.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Killian JT, Holcomb CN, Graham LA .
Delays in surgery for patients with coronary stents placed after diagnosis of colorectal cancer.
JAMA Surg 2016 Jan;151(1):86-8. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2015.3130..
Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Cardiovascular Conditions, Colonoscopy, Heart Disease and Health, Surgery
Garcia-Albeniz X, Hsu J, Lipsitch M
Infective endocarditis and cancer in the elderly.
The researchers investigated the magnitude of the association between infective endocarditis and cancer, and the natural history of cancer patients with concomitant diagnosis of infective endocarditis. They found that in this elderly population, the incidence of infective endocarditis around a colorectal cancer diagnosis was substantially higher than around the diagnosis of lung, breast and prostate cancers.
AHRQ-funded; HS023128.
Citation: Garcia-Albeniz X, Hsu J, Lipsitch M .
Infective endocarditis and cancer in the elderly.
Eur J Epidemiol 2016 Jan;31(1):41-9. doi: 10.1007/s10654-015-0111-9.
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Keywords: Cancer, Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Cardiovascular Conditions, Elderly, Cancer: Prostate Cancer