National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Access to Care (1)
- Asthma (1)
- Behavioral Health (2)
- Blood Pressure (3)
- Breast Feeding (1)
- Cancer (4)
- Cancer: Cervical Cancer (2)
- Cancer: Ovarian Cancer (2)
- Cancer: Prostate Cancer (1)
- Cancer: Skin Cancer (2)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (8)
- Case Study (13)
- Children/Adolescents (8)
- Chronic Conditions (1)
- Communication (2)
- Decision Making (3)
- Diagnostic Safety and Quality (1)
- Elderly (1)
- Evidence-Based Practice (25)
- Eye Disease and Health (1)
- Falls (1)
- Family Health and History (1)
- Guidelines (19)
- Healthcare Costs (1)
- Health Promotion (1)
- Health Services Research (HSR) (1)
- Heart Disease and Health (2)
- Infectious Diseases (3)
- Injuries and Wounds (1)
- Lifestyle Changes (1)
- Maternal Care (2)
- Medication (3)
- Newborns/Infants (1)
- Nutrition (1)
- Obesity (3)
- Outcomes (1)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (1)
- Policy (1)
- Practice Patterns (1)
- Pregnancy (4)
- Prevention (26)
- Primary Care (7)
- Research Methodologies (2)
- Respiratory Conditions (1)
- Risk (4)
- Screening (23)
- Sexual Health (1)
- Sleep Problems (2)
- (-) U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) (47)
- Vitamins and Supplements (1)
- Women (4)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 25 of 47 Research Studies DisplayedMills J, Duffy M
AHRQ Author: Mills J
Screening for peripheral artery disease and cardiovascular disease risk assessment with the Ankle-Brachial Index.
This paper is part of the “Putting Prevention into Practice” series. It provides case study questions and answers related to the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations for screening for peripheral artery disease and cardiovascular risk assessment with the Ankle-Brachial Index.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Mills J, Duffy M .
Screening for peripheral artery disease and cardiovascular disease risk assessment with the Ankle-Brachial Index.
Am Fam Physician 2018 Dec 15;98(12):754-55..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Case Study, Prevention, Risk, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Tracer H, Jadotte YT
AHRQ Author: Tracer H
Screening for cardiovascular disease risk with electrocardiography.
This paper presents a case study, along with questions and answers, related to the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendations for screening for cardiovascular disease risk with electrocardiography.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Tracer H, Jadotte YT .
Screening for cardiovascular disease risk with electrocardiography.
Am Fam Physician 2018 Sep 15;98(6):375-76..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Cardiovascular Conditions, Screening, Risk, Prevention, Guidelines, Evidence-Based Practice, Case Study
Kim JJ, Burger EA, Regan C
Screening for cervical cancer in primary care: a decision analysis for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
The purpose of this study was to inform the US Preventive Services Task Force by modeling the benefits and harms of various cervical cancer screening strategies. In this microsimulation modeling study, it was estimated that primary hrHPV screening may represent a reasonable balance of harms and benefits when performed every 5 years. Switching from cytology to hrHPV testing at age 30 years yielded the most efficient harm to benefit ratio when using colposcopy as a proxy for harms.
AHRQ-funded; 290-2012-00015-I.
Citation: Kim JJ, Burger EA, Regan C .
Screening for cervical cancer in primary care: a decision analysis for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2018 Aug 21;320(7):706-14. doi: 10.1001/jama.2017.19872..
Keywords: Cancer: Cervical Cancer, Decision Making, Primary Care, Screening, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Melnikow J, Henderson JT, Burda BU J, Henderson JT, Burda BU
Screening for cervical cancer with high-risk human papillomavirus testing: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
Cervical cancer can be prevented with detection and treatment of precancerous cell changes caused primarily by high-risk types of human papillomavirus (hrHPV), the causative agents in more than 90% of cervical cancers. The objective of this study was to systematically review benefits and harms of cervical cancer screening for hrHPV to inform the US Preventive Services Task Force.
AHRQ-funded; 290201200015I.
Citation: Melnikow J, Henderson JT, Burda BU J, Henderson JT, Burda BU .
Screening for cervical cancer with high-risk human papillomavirus testing: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2018 Aug 21;320(7):687-705. doi: 10.1001/jama.2018.10400..
Keywords: Cancer: Cervical Cancer, Evidence-Based Practice, Infectious Diseases, Screening, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Fan T, Erickson EA
AHRQ Author: Fan T
Interventions to prevent falls and fractures in community-dwelling older adults.
This case study addresses the U.S. Preventive Health Service Task Force recommendations and offers a scenario, questions, and answers related to interventions to prevent falls and fractures in community-dwelling older adults.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Fan T, Erickson EA .
Interventions to prevent falls and fractures in community-dwelling older adults.
Am Fam Physician 2018 Aug 15;98(4):253-55..
Keywords: Case Study, Elderly, Falls, Injuries and Wounds, Prevention, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Jonas DE, Kahwati LC, Yun JDY
Screening for atrial fibrillation with electrocardiography: evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
The objective of this study was to review the evidence on screening for nonvalvular atrial fibrillation with electrocardiography (ECG) and stroke prevention treatment in asymptomatic adults 65 years or older to inform the US Preventive Services Task Force. The authors concluded that although screening with ECG can detect previously unknown cases of atrial fibrillation, it has not been shown to detect more cases than screening focused on pulse palpation.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500011I.
Citation: Jonas DE, Kahwati LC, Yun JDY .
Screening for atrial fibrillation with electrocardiography: evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2018 Aug 7;320(5):485-98. doi: 10.1001/jama.2018.4190..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Screening, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Prevention
Ngo-Metzger Q, Zuvekas SH, Bierman AS
AHRQ Author: Ngo-Metzger Q, Zuvekas SH, Bierman AS
Estimated impact of US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendations on use and cost of statins for cardiovascular disease prevention.
The purpose of the study was to assess the US population meeting criteria for statin use and factors associated with use, and calculate associated costs. The study concluded that new USPSTF recommendations may result in decreased out-of-pocket costs and expanded access to statins. Previous research has shown that eliminating copayments increased adherence and decreased rates of ASCVD events without increasing overall healthcare costs.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Ngo-Metzger Q, Zuvekas SH, Bierman AS .
Estimated impact of US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendations on use and cost of statins for cardiovascular disease prevention.
J Gen Intern Med 2018 Aug;33(8):1317-23. doi: 10.1007/s11606-018-4497-4..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Healthcare Costs, Medication, Prevention, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Lin JS, Evans CV, Johnson E
Nontraditional risk factors in cardiovascular disease risk assessment: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
The purpose of this study was to systematically review evidence for the US Preventive Services Task Force on the benefits and harms of 3 nontraditional risk factors in cardiovascular risk assessment: the ankle-brachial index (ABI), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) level, and coronary artery calcium (CAC) score.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500007I.
Citation: Lin JS, Evans CV, Johnson E .
Nontraditional risk factors in cardiovascular disease risk assessment: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2018 Jul 17;320(3):281-97. doi: 10.1001/jama.2018.4242..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Prevention, Risk, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Wolff T, Chevinsky J
AHRQ Author: Wolff T
Behavioral counseling to prevent skin cancer.
This paper presents a case study, along with questions and answers, related to the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendations for behavioral counseling to prevent skin cancer.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Wolff T, Chevinsky J .
Behavioral counseling to prevent skin cancer.
Am Fam Physician 2018 Jul 15;98(2):105-06..
Keywords: Cancer, Cancer: Skin Cancer, Case Study, Prevention, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Davies L, Petitti DB, Martin L
Defining, estimating, and communicating overdiagnosis in cancer screening.
Overdiagnosis represents one harm of too much medicine, but the concept can be confusing. Because the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) issues screening recommendations aimed largely at healthy persons, it has a particular interest in understanding harms related to screening, especially but not limited to overdiagnosis. In support of the USPSTF, the authors summarize the knowledge and provide guidance on defining, estimating, and communicating overdiagnosis in cancer screening.
AHRQ-funded; 290201200015I; 290201600006C.
Citation: Davies L, Petitti DB, Martin L .
Defining, estimating, and communicating overdiagnosis in cancer screening.
Ann Intern Med 2018 Jul 3;169(1):36-43. doi: 10.7326/m18-0694..
Keywords: Cancer, Communication, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Screening, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Fan T, Uptegraft C
AHRQ Author: Fan T
Screening for ovarian cancer.
This case study addresses the U.S. Preventive Health Service Task Force recommendations and offers a scenario, questions, and answers related to screening for ovarian cancer.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Fan T, Uptegraft C .
Screening for ovarian cancer.
Am Fam Physician 2018 Jun 15;97(12):813-14..
Keywords: Cancer: Ovarian Cancer, Case Study, Prevention, Screening, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Egan BM, Li J, Davis RA
Differences in primary cardiovascular disease prevention between the 2013 and 2016 cholesterol guidelines and impact of the 2017 hypertension guideline in the United States.
The US Preventive Services Task Force cholesterol guideline recommended statins for fewer adults than the 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) guideline by setting a higher 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease threshold and requiring concomitant diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, or cigarette smoking. The 2017 ACC/AHA hypertension guideline lowered the hypertension threshold, increasing 2016 guideline statin-eligible adults. This article discusses differences in primary cardiovascular disease prevention between the 2013 and 2016 cholesterol guidelines and impact of the 2017 hypertension guideline in the United States.
AHRQ-funded; P30 HS021667.
Citation: Egan BM, Li J, Davis RA .
Differences in primary cardiovascular disease prevention between the 2013 and 2016 cholesterol guidelines and impact of the 2017 hypertension guideline in the United States.
J Clin Hypertens 2018 Jun;20(6):991-1000. doi: 10.1111/jch.13314..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Heart Disease and Health, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Blood Pressure, Medication, Prevention, Primary Care, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Villani J, Ngo-Metzger Q, Vincent IS
AHRQ Author: Ngo-Metzger Q
Sources of funding for research in evidence reviews that inform recommendations of the US Preventive Services Task Force.
This study characterizes the sources of funding for the scientific evidence base used by the USPSTF. One or more funding sources were identified for 79 percent of the 1,650 research articles. Government agencies provided support for 931 articles (56 percent). The remaining support came from nonprofits or universities (530 articles, 32 percent) and industry (282 articles, 17 percent).The sources of funding varied by recommendation topic.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Villani J, Ngo-Metzger Q, Vincent IS .
Sources of funding for research in evidence reviews that inform recommendations of the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2018 May 22;319(20):2132-33. doi: 10.1001/jama.2018.5404.
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Keywords: Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Prevention, Research Methodologies, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Mabry-Hernandez I, Tannis C
AHRQ Author: Mabry-Hernandez, I
Screening for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.
This is a case study related to screening for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. It includes case study questions and answers.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Mabry-Hernandez I, Tannis C .
Screening for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.
Am Fam Physician 2018 May 15;97(10):666-67..
Keywords: Case Study, Children/Adolescents, Prevention, Screening, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Henrikson NB, Morrison CC, Blasi PR
Behavioral counseling for skin cancer prevention: evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
The authors systematically reviewed the evidence on the benefits and harms of behavioral counseling for skin cancer prevention to inform the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF). They concluded that behavioral interventions can increase sun protection behavior, but there is no consistent evidence that interventions are associated with a reduction in the frequency of sunburn in children or adults and minimal evidence on skin cancer outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500007I.
Citation: Henrikson NB, Morrison CC, Blasi PR .
Behavioral counseling for skin cancer prevention: evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2018 Mar 20;319(11):1143-57. doi: 10.1001/jama.2017.21630.
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Keywords: Cancer, Cancer: Skin Cancer, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Prevention, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Henderson JT, Webber EM, Sawaya GF
Screening for ovarian cancer: Updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
The researchers systematically reviewed evidence on benefits and harms of ovarian cancer screening among average-risk women to inform the United States Preventive Services Task Force. They concluded that, in randomized trials conducted among average-risk, asymptomatic women, ovarian cancer mortality did not significantly differ between screened women and those with no screening or in usual care.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500007I.
Citation: Henderson JT, Webber EM, Sawaya GF .
Screening for ovarian cancer: Updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2018 Feb 13;319(6):595-606. doi: 10.1001/jama.2017.21421.
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Keywords: Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Cancer: Ovarian Cancer, Screening, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Mabry-Hernandez I, Romano MJ
AHRQ Author: Mabry-Hernandez I
Screening for preeclampsia.
A 28-year-old white woman comes to your clinic for prenatal care reporting a new-onset severe headache. She is currently pregnant with twins at an estimated gestational age of 22 weeks. Her obstetric history is significant for one previous term singleton vaginal delivery at 24 years of age without complications. This case study poses three multiple choice questions together with the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations and related background information.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Mabry-Hernandez I, Romano MJ .
Screening for preeclampsia.
Am Fam Physician 2018 Jan 15;97(2):117-18.
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Keywords: Blood Pressure, Case Study, Maternal Care, Pregnancy, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Krist AH, Bibbins-Domingo K, Wolff TA
AHRQ Author: Wolff TA, Mabry-Hernandez IR
Advancing the methods of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.
The mission of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) is to provide evidence-based recommendations on preventive services to primary care clinicians who deliver preventive care.This editorial introduces a journal supplement issue the purpose of which is to present and discuss some of the key methodologic concepts and questions that the USPSTF is currently addressing.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Krist AH, Bibbins-Domingo K, Wolff TA .
Advancing the methods of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.
Am J Prev Med 2018 Jan;54(1s1):S1-s3. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2017.10.012.
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Keywords: Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Prevention, Primary Care, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Kemper AR, Krist AH, Tseng CW
AHRQ Author: Mabry-Hernandez IR, Wolff TA
Challenges in developing U.S. Preventive Services Task Force child health recommendations.
In March 2016, the USPSTF convened an expert panel to discuss its portfolio of child and adolescent recommendations and identify unique methodologic issues when evaluating evidence regarding children and adolescents. The panel identified key domains of challenges, including measuring patient-centered health outcomes; identifying intermediate outcomes predictive of important health outcomes and evaluating the long time horizon needed to assess the balance of benefits and harms.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Kemper AR, Krist AH, Tseng CW .
Challenges in developing U.S. Preventive Services Task Force child health recommendations.
Am J Prev Med 2018 Jan;54(1s1):S63-s69. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2017.08.023.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Ngo-Metzger Q, Moyer V, Grossman D
AHRQ Author: Ngo-Metzger Q, Chowdhury J, Kato E
Conflicts of interest in clinical guidelines: update of U.S. Preventive Services Task Force policies and procedures.
The conflicts of interest policy is described, as is the formal process by which best practices were incorporated to update the policy. The USPSTF conflicts of interest policy includes disclosures for immediate family members, a clear non-financial conflicts of interest definition, long look-back period and application of the policy to prospective members. The conflicts of interest policy is publicly available as part of the USPSTF Procedure Manual.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Ngo-Metzger Q, Moyer V, Grossman D .
Conflicts of interest in clinical guidelines: update of U.S. Preventive Services Task Force policies and procedures.
Am J Prev Med 2018 Jan;54(1s1):S70-s80. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2017.06.034.
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Keywords: Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Policy, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Kurth AE, Krist AH, Borsky AE
AHRQ Author: Borsky AE, Fan T, Weinstein R
U.S. Preventive Services Task Force methods to communicate and disseminate clinical preventive services recommendations.
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) issues evidence-based screening and prevention recommendations, and key to this task is dissemination and implementation of these recommendations. This paper outlines the approaches used by the USPSTF to both solicit input (e.g., public comment periods), as well as to facilitate dissemination of its recommendations to help improve the health of all Americans (e.g., web-based and mobile application tools, journal publications, and annual reports to Congress).
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Kurth AE, Krist AH, Borsky AE .
U.S. Preventive Services Task Force methods to communicate and disseminate clinical preventive services recommendations.
Am J Prev Med 2018 Jan;54(1s1):S81-s87. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2017.07.004.
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Keywords: Communication, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Prevention, Primary Care, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Mabry-Hernandez IR, Curry SJ, Phillips WR
AHRQ Author: Mabry-Hernandez IR, Ngo-Metzger Q, Bierman AS
U.S. Preventive Services Task Force priorities for prevention research.
This article describes the types of evidence gaps that the USPSTF encounters across its various recommendations and how the USPSTF identifies and communicates these gaps to researchers and policymakers, who can help generate the needed evidence. Common types of evidence gaps include limited evidence in primary care settings and populations, a lack of appropriate health outcomes, limited evidence linking behavior change to health outcomes, and a lack of evidence for effective preventive services in diverse populations.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Mabry-Hernandez IR, Curry SJ, Phillips WR .
U.S. Preventive Services Task Force priorities for prevention research.
Am J Prev Med 2018 Jan;54(1s1):S95-s103. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2017.08.014.
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Keywords: Evidence-Based Practice, Health Services Research (HSR), Prevention, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Wolff TA, Krist AH, LeFevre M
AHRQ Author: Wolff TA
Update on the methods of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force: linking intermediate outcomes and health outcomes in prevention.
Given the frequent lack of evidence on health outcomes, the USPSTF uses evidence on intermediate outcomes when appropriate. The ultimate goal is to determine precisely a consistent relationship between the direction and magnitude of change in an intermediate outcome with a predictable resultant direction and magnitude of change in the health outcomes. The USPSTF will exercise great caution when making a recommendation that depends on the evidence linking intermediate and health outcomes because of inherent evidence limitations.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Wolff TA, Krist AH, LeFevre M .
Update on the methods of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force: linking intermediate outcomes and health outcomes in prevention.
Am J Prev Med 2018 Jan;54(1s1):S4-s10. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2017.08.032.
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Keywords: Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Outcomes, Prevention, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Krist AH, Wolff TA, Jonas DE
AHRQ Author: Wolff TA
Update on the methods of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force: methods for understanding certainty and net benefit when making recommendations.
Since the 1980s, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) has developed and used rigorous methods to make evidence-based recommendations about preventive services to promote health and well-being for all Americans. This manuscript details examples of how the USPSTF uses different methods to make recommendations that truly reflect the evidence.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Krist AH, Wolff TA, Jonas DE .
Update on the methods of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force: methods for understanding certainty and net benefit when making recommendations.
Am J Prev Med 2018 Jan;54(1s1):S11-s18. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2017.09.011.
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Keywords: Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Prevention, Primary Care, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Ngo-Metzger Q, Gottfredson R
AHRQ Author: Ngo-Metzger Q
Statin use for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in adults.
This case study concerns a 66-year-old generally healthy white man, who presents for his annual physical. He has no history of cardiovascular disease (CVD); he has had consistent systolic blood pressure measurements of 140 mm Hg. You calculate his 10-year risk of a CVD event to be 16.7 percent. The case study poses three multiple choice questions together with the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations and related background information.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Ngo-Metzger Q, Gottfredson R .
Statin use for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in adults.
Am Fam Physician 2017 Dec 15;96(12):805-06.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Case Study, Medication, Prevention, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)