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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Access to Care (3)
- Adverse Events (1)
- Cancer: Breast Cancer (1)
- Chronic Conditions (1)
- Disparities (4)
- Healthcare Costs (1)
- Health Services Research (HSR) (2)
- Health Status (3)
- Labor and Delivery (1)
- Low-Income (1)
- Maternal Care (1)
- Medicare (1)
- Medication (1)
- Outcomes (1)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (1)
- Patient Adherence/Compliance (2)
- Patient Experience (1)
- Pregnancy (1)
- (-) Racial and Ethnic Minorities (12)
- Research Methodologies (1)
- Respiratory Conditions (1)
- Rural Health (1)
- (-) Social Determinants of Health (12)
- Surgery (1)
- Urban Health (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 12 of 12 Research Studies DisplayedAttanasio LB, Hardeman RR, Kozhimannil KB
Prenatal attitudes toward vaginal delivery and actual delivery mode: variation by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status.
This study examined whether women's prenatal attitudes toward vaginal delivery differed by race/ethnicity or socioeconomic status, and whether attitudes were differently related to delivery mode depending on race/ethnicity or socioeconomic status. The study concluded that there are racial/ethnic differences in chances of cesarean delivery, and these differences are not explained by birth attitudes. Findings also suggested that white and high-socioeconomic status women may be more able to realize their preferences in childbirth.
AHRQ-funded; HS024215.
Citation: Attanasio LB, Hardeman RR, Kozhimannil KB .
Prenatal attitudes toward vaginal delivery and actual delivery mode: variation by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status.
Birth 2017 Dec;44(4):306-14. doi: 10.1111/birt.12305..
Keywords: Health Services Research (HSR), Labor and Delivery, Pregnancy, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Social Determinants of Health
Oates GR, Hamby BW, Stepanikova I
Social determinants of adherence to pulmonary rehabilitation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Adherence to pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is low. Previous studies have focused on clinical predictors of PR completion. This study aimed to identify social determinants of adherence to PR. The findings showed that, relative to high adherence, low adherence is associated with limited functional capacity and current smoking, while moderate adherence is associated with socioeconomic disadvantage. The distinction highlights different pathways to suboptimal adherence and calls for tailored intervention approaches.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Oates GR, Hamby BW, Stepanikova I .
Social determinants of adherence to pulmonary rehabilitation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Copd 2017 Dec;14(6):610-17. doi: 10.1080/15412555.2017.1379070..
Keywords: Respiratory Conditions, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Social Determinants of Health
Tung EL, Cagney KA, Peek ME
Spatial context and health inequity: reconfiguring race, place, and poverty.
The authors build on the Chicago School of Sociology's contributions in urban research and one of its contemporary elaborations, often described as the "neighborhood effects approach," to propose a three-axis model of health inequity. This model, in alignment with Chicago School theory, postulates a dynamic and adaptive relationship between spatial context and health inequity. Compositional axes of race and poverty form the foundation of the model.
AHRQ-funded; HS023007.
Citation: Tung EL, Cagney KA, Peek ME .
Spatial context and health inequity: reconfiguring race, place, and poverty.
J Urban Health 2017 Dec;94(6):757-63. doi: 10.1007/s11524-017-0210-x.
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Keywords: Disparities, Low-Income, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Social Determinants of Health, Urban Health
Taira DA, Shen C, King M
Access to medications for Medicare enrollees related to race/ethnicity: results from the 2013 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey.
Prescription medications are taken by millions of Americans to manage chronic conditions and treat acute conditions. These medications, however, are not equally accessible to all. The purpose of this study was to examine medication access by race/ethnicity among Medicare beneficiaries. The authors found that possible interventions for non-Hispanic blacks might include assisting them in finding the best drug plan to meeting their needs, connecting them to medication assistance programs, and discussing convenience of pharmacy with patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS023185.
Citation: Taira DA, Shen C, King M .
Access to medications for Medicare enrollees related to race/ethnicity: results from the 2013 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey.
Res Social Adm Pharm 2017 Nov;13(6):1208-13. doi: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2016.10.021..
Keywords: Access to Care, Medicare, Medication, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Social Determinants of Health
Heerman WJ, Jackson N, Roumie CL
Recruitment methods for survey research: findings from the Mid-South Clinical Data Research Network.
The objective of this study was to report survey response rates and demographic characteristics of eight recruitment approaches to determine acceptability and effectiveness of large-scale patient recruitment among various populations. The study concluded that technology-enabled recruitment approaches such as registries and emails are effective for recruiting but may yield less racial/ethnic diversity compared to traditional, more time-intensive approaches.
AHRQ-funded; HS022990.
Citation: Heerman WJ, Jackson N, Roumie CL .
Recruitment methods for survey research: findings from the Mid-South Clinical Data Research Network.
Contemp Clin Trials 2017 Nov;62:50-55. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2017.08.006..
Keywords: Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Research Methodologies, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Social Determinants of Health
Leeds IL, Alimi Y, Hobson DR
Racial and socioeconomic differences manifest in process measure adherence for enhanced recovery after surgery pathway.
This study aims to demonstrate the association between recovery pathway implementation, process measures, and short-term surgical outcomes by population subgroup. It concluded that differences in outcomes by race and socioeconomic status did not arise following implementation of an enhanced recovery pathway. Differences in process measures by population subgroups highlight differences in care that require further investigation.
AHRQ-funded; HS024736; HS024547.
Citation: Leeds IL, Alimi Y, Hobson DR .
Racial and socioeconomic differences manifest in process measure adherence for enhanced recovery after surgery pathway.
Dis Colon Rectum 2017 Oct;60(10):1092-101. doi: 10.1097/dcr.0000000000000879.
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Keywords: Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Social Determinants of Health, Surgery, Outcomes, Adverse Events
Attanasio L, Kozhimannil KB
Health care engagement and follow-up after perceived discrimination in maternity care.
The authors sought to determine if perceived discrimination during the birth hospitalization is associated with postpartum follow-up care. Using data from the Listening to Mothers III survey, they found that women who experienced perceived discrimination (race/ethnicity, insurance type, difference of opinion with provider about care) had more than twice the odds of postpartum visit nonattendance, after adjusting for socioeconomic and medical characteristics.
AHRQ-funded; HS024215.
Citation: Attanasio L, Kozhimannil KB .
Health care engagement and follow-up after perceived discrimination in maternity care.
Med Care 2017 Sep;55(9):830-33. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000000773.
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Keywords: Access to Care, Maternal Care, Patient Experience, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Social Determinants of Health
Jackson BE, Oates GR, Singh KP
Disparities in chronic medical conditions in the Mid-South.
This study examined differences in socio-demographic characteristics and health behaviors relevant to chronic medical conditions (CMCs) in the Mid-South region (Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Kentucky, Tennessee, and Arkansas), and identified subpopulations with increased burden of chronic disease. It concluded that in the Mid-South, race and gender disparities in the top five chronic conditions are more prominent among higher-income rather than lower-income individuals.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Jackson BE, Oates GR, Singh KP .
Disparities in chronic medical conditions in the Mid-South.
Ethn Health 2017 Apr;22(2):196-208. doi: 10.1080/13557858.2016.1232805.
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Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Disparities, Health Status, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Social Determinants of Health
Farias AJ, Du XL
Association between out-of-pocket costs, race/ethnicity, and adjuvant endocrine therapy adherence among Medicare patients with breast cancer.
This study aimed to determine whether there are racial/ethnic differences in 1-year adherence to adjuvant endocrine therapy (AET) and whether out-of-pocket costs explain the racial/ethnic disparities in adherence. It concluded that racial/ethnic disparities in AET adherence were largely explained by women's differences in socioeconomic status and out-of-pocket medication costs.
AHRQ-funded; HS018956.
Citation: Farias AJ, Du XL .
Association between out-of-pocket costs, race/ethnicity, and adjuvant endocrine therapy adherence among Medicare patients with breast cancer.
J Clin Oncol 2017 Jan;35(1):86-95.
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Keywords: Cancer: Breast Cancer, Healthcare Costs, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Social Determinants of Health
Stepanikova I, Oates GR
Perceived discrimination and privilege in health care: the role of socioeconomic status and race.
This study examined how perceived racial privilege and perceived racial discrimination in health care varied with race and socioeconomic status (SES). It found that in whites, higher income and education contributed to increased perceptions of privileged treatment and decreased perceptions of discrimination. The pattern was reversed in blacks, who reported more discrimination and less privilege at higher income and education levels.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Stepanikova I, Oates GR .
Perceived discrimination and privilege in health care: the role of socioeconomic status and race.
Am J Prev Med 2017 Jan;52(1s1):S86-s94. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.09.024.
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Keywords: Disparities, Health Status, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Social Determinants of Health
Caldwell JT, Ford CL, Wallace SP
Racial and ethnic residential segregation and access to health care in rural areas.
This study examined the relationship between racial/ethnic residential segregation and access to health care in rural areas. In rural areas, segregation contributed to worse access to a usual source of health care but higher reports of health care needs being met among African Americans and Hispanics.
AHRQ-funded; HS000078; HS022811.
Citation: Caldwell JT, Ford CL, Wallace SP .
Racial and ethnic residential segregation and access to health care in rural areas.
Health Place 2017 Jan;43:104-12. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2016.11.015.
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Keywords: Access to Care, Health Services Research (HSR), Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Rural Health, Social Determinants of Health
Stepanikova I, Bateman LB, Oates GR
Systemic inflammation in midlife: race, socioeconomic status, and perceived discrimination.
This study investigates social determinants of systemic inflammation, focusing on race, SES, and perceived discrimination. Data on 884 white and 170 black participants were obtained from the Survey of Midlife in the U.S., a cross-sectional observational study combining survey measures, anthropometry, and biomarker assay. It suggests that inflammation-reducing interventions should focus on blacks and individuals facing socioeconomic disadvantages, especially low education.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Stepanikova I, Bateman LB, Oates GR .
Systemic inflammation in midlife: race, socioeconomic status, and perceived discrimination.
Am J Prev Med 2017 Jan;52(1s1):S63-s76. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.09.026.
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Keywords: Disparities, Health Status, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Social Determinants of Health