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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
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1 to 4 of 4 Research Studies DisplayedHerb J, Friedman H, Shrestha S
Prevalence and risk factors associated with readmission with acute kidney injury in patients receiving vancomycin outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy.
The purpose of this study was to understand barriers to early-stage lung cancer care at high-volume academic centers in the US. Researchers conducted semi-structured interviews with patients with suspected or diagnosed early-stage non-small cell lung cancer who had presented to a multidisciplinary clinic at academic institutions over a 6-month period; a qualitative content analysis was then performed using the framework method. Six themes relating to barriers and facilitators to lung-cancer care were identified, and the authors concluded that these factors must be addressed to improve quality of care among lung cancer patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS000032.
Citation: Herb J, Friedman H, Shrestha S .
Prevalence and risk factors associated with readmission with acute kidney injury in patients receiving vancomycin outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy.
Support Care Cancer 2022 Dec 14;31(1):21. doi: 10.1007/s00520-022-07465-w..
Keywords: Cancer: Lung Cancer, Cancer, Access to Care
Liu MA, Keeney T, Papaila A
Functional status and survival in older nursing home residents with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a SEER-Medicare analysis.
The purpose of this study was to examine the association between activities of daily living (ADL) impairment and overall survival in patients 65 and older with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving care in nursing homes from 2011 to 2015. The researchers examined the association between ADL scores and overall survival among 3,174 patients who received systemic cancer chemotherapy or immunotherapy within 3 months of NSCLC diagnosis; and among patients who did not receive any treatment. The study found that the ADL score was associated with increased risk of death. One standard deviation increase in the ADL score was associated with lower overall survival rate among treated and untreated patients The median overall survival was 3.1 months for patients with an ADL score of less than 14, 2.8 months for patients with an ADL score between 14 and 17, 2.3 months for patients with ADL score between 18-19, and 1.8 months for patients with ADL score of 20+. The researchers concluded that the ADL assessment may be a useful clinical tool in nursing home adults aged 65 and older with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.
AHRQ-funded; HS000011.
Citation: Liu MA, Keeney T, Papaila A .
Functional status and survival in older nursing home residents with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a SEER-Medicare analysis.
JCO Oncol Pract 2022 Jun;18(6):e886-e95. doi: 10.1200/op.21.00460..
Keywords: Elderly, Nursing Homes, Cancer: Lung Cancer, Cancer
Kukhareva PV, Caverly TJ, Li H
Inaccuracies in electronic health records smoking data and a potential approach to address resulting underestimation in determining lung cancer screening eligibility.
The authors sought to characterize EHR smoking data issues and to propose an approach to addressing these issues using longitudinal smoking data. They found that over 80% of evaluated records had inaccuracies, including missing packs-per-day or years-smoked, outdated data, missing years-quit, and a recent change in packs-per-day resulting in inaccurate lifetime pack-years estimation. Further, addressing these issues by using longitudinal data enabled the identification of 49.4% more patients potentially eligible for lung cancer screening.
AHRQ-funded; HS026198.
Citation: Kukhareva PV, Caverly TJ, Li H .
Inaccuracies in electronic health records smoking data and a potential approach to address resulting underestimation in determining lung cancer screening eligibility.
J Am Med Inform Assoc 2022 Apr 13;29(5):779-88. doi: 10.1093/jamia/ocac020..
Keywords: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Screening, Cancer: Lung Cancer, Cancer
Reese TJ, Schlechter CR, Kramer H
Implementing lung cancer screening in primary care: needs assessment and implementation strategy design.
This study explored the implementation of lung cancer screening with low-dose computed tomography (CT) in primary care. The study’s two goals included exploring the implementation of lung cancer screening primary care in the context of integrating a decision aid into the electronic health record and a designing of implementation strategies that target hypothesized mechanics of change and context-specific barriers. The two phases included a Qualitative Analysis phase including semi-structured interviews with primary care physicians to elicit key task behaviors, and an Implementation Strategy Design phase consisting of defining implementation strategies and hypothesizing causal pathways to improve screening with a decision aid. Fourteen interviews were conducted and out of that 3 key task behaviors and four behavioral determinants emerged. Strategies included increasing provider self-efficacy toward performing shared decision making and using the decision aid, improving provider performance expectancy, increasing social influence, and addressing key facilitators to using the decision aid.
AHRQ-funded; HS026198.
Citation: Reese TJ, Schlechter CR, Kramer H .
Implementing lung cancer screening in primary care: needs assessment and implementation strategy design.
Transl Behav Med 2022 Feb 16;12(2):187-97. doi: 10.1093/tbm/ibab115..
Keywords: Cancer: Lung Cancer, Cancer, Primary Care, Screening, Implementation, Decision Making