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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
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1 to 8 of 8 Research Studies DisplayedButler AM, Durkin MJ, Keller MR
Association of adverse events with antibiotic treatment for urinary tract infection.
The purpose of this study was to compare the risk of relative harms associated with different antibiotics prescribed for the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infection (UTI). The researchers identified 1,169,033 healthy, nonpregnant women between the ages of 18 to 44 who had an uncomplicated UTI and who initiated an oral antibiotic regimen for the treatment of common uropathogens between July 2006 and September 2015. The study found that of the two first-line treatments, the drug trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (versus nitrofurantoin) was associated with a higher risk of adverse drug-related events including: hypersensitivity, acute renal failure, skin rash, urticaria, abdominal pain, and nausea/ vomiting, but a similar risk of adverse possible microbiome-related events. When researchers compared non-first line drugs with nitrofurantoin, the non-first line drugs were associated with a greater risk of adverse drug events and possible microbiome-related adverse events including non-Clostridium difficile diarrhea, C. difficile infection, vaginitis/vulvovaginal candidiasis, and pneumonia. The duration of the treatment influenced the risk of possible microbiome-related adverse events. The study concluded that the risk of adverse events differs widely by both antibiotic drug and duration of regimen.
AHRQ-funded; HS019455.
Citation: Butler AM, Durkin MJ, Keller MR .
Association of adverse events with antibiotic treatment for urinary tract infection.
Clin Infect Dis 2022 Apr 28;74(8):1408-18. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciab637..
Keywords: Antibiotics, Medication, Urinary Tract Infection (UTI), Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Clostridium difficile Infections
Zachariah P, Sanabria E, Liu J
Novel strategies for predicting healthcare-associated infections at admission: implications for nursing care.
Accurate, real-time models to predict hospital adverse events could facilitate timely and targeted interventions to improve patient outcomes. Advances in computing enable the use of supervised machine learning (SML) techniques to predict hospital-onset infections. The purpose of this study was to trial SML methods to predict urinary tract infections (UTIs) during inpatient hospitalization at the time of admission.
AHRQ-funded; HS024915.
Citation: Zachariah P, Sanabria E, Liu J .
Novel strategies for predicting healthcare-associated infections at admission: implications for nursing care.
Nurs Res 2020 Sep/Oct;69(5):399-403. doi: 10.1097/nnr.0000000000000449..
Keywords: Urinary Tract Infection (UTI), Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Adverse Events, Patient Safety, Risk
De Roo AC, Hendren S, Ameling JM
Using appropriateness criteria to identify opportunities to improve perioperative urinary catheter use.
Researchers applied Michigan Appropriate Perioperative criteria to statewide registry data to identify improvement targets for urinary catheter use. They found that perioperative urinary catheter use was appropriate for most simple abdominal procedures, but duration of use varied in all categories.
AHRQ-funded; HS019767; HS024385; HS018334; HS000053.
Citation: De Roo AC, Hendren S, Ameling JM .
Using appropriateness criteria to identify opportunities to improve perioperative urinary catheter use.
Am J Surg 2020 Sep;220(3):706-13. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2020.01.008..
Keywords: Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI), Urinary Tract Infection (UTI), Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Patient Safety, Surgery, Prevention, Adverse Events
Rinke ML, Oyeku SO, Heo M
Pediatric ambulatory catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs): incidence, risk factors, and patient outcomes.
Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) occur frequently in pediatric inpatients, and they are associated with increased morbidity and cost. Few studies have investigated ambulatory CAUTIs, despite at-risk children utilizing home urinary catheterization. This retrospective cohort and case-control study determined incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of pediatric patients with ambulatory CAUTI. The investigators concluded that pediatric ambulatory CAUTIs occurred in 18% of patients with catheters; they were associated with morbidity and healthcare utilization. Ambulatory indwelling catheter CAUTI incidence exceeded national inpatient incidence.
AHRQ-funded; HS024432.
Citation: Rinke ML, Oyeku SO, Heo M .
Pediatric ambulatory catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs): incidence, risk factors, and patient outcomes.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2020 Aug;41(8):891-99. doi: 10.1017/ice.2020.204..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI), Urinary Tract Infection (UTI), Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Risk, Ambulatory Care and Surgery, Adverse Events
Elman MR, Williams CD, Bearden DT
Healthcare-associated urinary tract infections with onset post hospital discharge.
The objective of this study was to measure the incidence of potentially healthcare-associated (HA), community-onset (CO) urinary tract infection (UTI) in a retrospective cohort of hospitalized patients. Among 3,273 patients at risk for potentially HA-CO UTI, results found that the incidence of HA-CO UTI in the 30 days post discharge was 29.8 per 1,000 patients; independent risk factors included paraplegia, quadriplegia, indwelling catheter during index hospitalization, prior piperacillin-tazobactam prescription, prior penicillin class prescription, and private insurance. The authors conclude that HA-CO UTI may be common within 30 days following hospital discharge, and that their data suggests that surveillance efforts may need to be expanded to capture the full burden to patients and to better inform antibiotic prescribing decisions for patients with a history of hospitalization.
AHRQ-funded; HS020970.
Citation: Elman MR, Williams CD, Bearden DT .
Healthcare-associated urinary tract infections with onset post hospital discharge.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2019 Aug;40(8):863-71. doi: 10.1017/ice.2019.148..
Keywords: Adverse Events, Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI), Community-Acquired Infections, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Hospital Discharge, Hospitalization, Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
Hsu HE, Wang R, Jentzsch MS
Association between value-based incentive programs and catheter-associated urinary tract infection rates in the critical care setting.
This letter discussed a study which was done on value-based incentive programs to reduce the number of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) in intensive care units (ICUs). The study used data from 592 hospitals in the District of Columbia and 49 states. Researchers found these incentive programs did not significantly reduce CAUTI.
AHRQ-funded; HS000063; HS025008; HS018414.
Citation: Hsu HE, Wang R, Jentzsch MS .
Association between value-based incentive programs and catheter-associated urinary tract infection rates in the critical care setting.
JAMA 2019 Feb 5;321(5):509-11. doi: 10.1001/jama.2018.18997.
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Keywords: Adverse Events, Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI), Critical Care, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Inpatient Care, Patient Safety, Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
Metersky ML, Eldridge N, Wang Y
National trends in the frequency of bladder catheterization and physician-diagnosed catheter-associated urinary tract infections: results from the Medicare Patient Safety Monitoring System.
The researchers assessed bladder catheterization frequency (percentage of patients catheterized) and risk-adjusted catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI frequency (percentage of catheterized patients developing CAUTI) from 2009-2014. They found statistically significant declines in observed bladder catheterization frequency and adjusted CAUTI frequency in some patient populations between 2009 and 2014.
AHRQ-authored; AHRQ-funded; 290201200003C; HS019767; HS024385; HS018334.
Citation: Metersky ML, Eldridge N, Wang Y .
National trends in the frequency of bladder catheterization and physician-diagnosed catheter-associated urinary tract infections: results from the Medicare Patient Safety Monitoring System.
Am J Infect Control 2017 Aug;45(8):901-04. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2017.03.008.
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Keywords: Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI), Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Urinary Tract Infection (UTI), Patient Safety, Adverse Events, Medicare
Manojlovich M, Saint S, Meddings J
Indwelling urinary catheter insertion practices in the emergency department: an observational study.
The researchers sought (1) to determine how frequently major breaks in aseptic insertion technique occur, and (2) to identify the number of patients who developed bacteriuria after catheter placement in the ED. They found that major breaks in aseptic insertion technique occurred in 48 of 81 insertion attempts. Of the 7 patients with bacteriuria after insertion, 5 had experienced a major break in technique.
AHRQ-funded; HS019767; 290201000025I; 29032001T.
Citation: Manojlovich M, Saint S, Meddings J .
Indwelling urinary catheter insertion practices in the emergency department: an observational study.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2016 Jan;37(1):117-9. doi: 10.1017/ice.2015.238.
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Keywords: Adverse Events, Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI), Emergency Department, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
