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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
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1 to 9 of 9 Research Studies DisplayedSun EC, Rishel CA, Waljee JF
Association between state limits on opioid prescribing and the incidence of persistent postoperative opioid use among surgical patients.
The objective of this study was to examine whether laws limiting opioid prescribing were associated with reductions in the incidence of persistent postoperative opioid use. Over identified 950,000 privately insured patients who had undergone one of 10 procedures were identified; researchers then estimated the association between persistent postoperative opioid use and whether state opioid prescribing limits were in effect on the day of surgery. The findings suggested that laws limiting opioid prescriptions were not associated with subsequent reductions in persistent postoperative opioid use.
AHRQ-funded; HS026753.
Citation: Sun EC, Rishel CA, Waljee JF .
Association between state limits on opioid prescribing and the incidence of persistent postoperative opioid use among surgical patients.
Ann Surg 2023 Apr;277(4):e759-e65. doi: 10.1097/sla.0000000000005283.
Keywords: Opioids, Medication, Surgery, Substance Abuse, Practice Patterns
Hernandez-Boussard T, Graham LA, Carroll I
Perioperative opioid use and pain-related outcomes in the Veterans Health Administration.
This study characterized perioperative exposure to morphine and its association with postoperative pain and 30-day readmissions. Utilizing nationwide Veterans Healthcare Administration (VHA) data on four high-volume surgical procedures, the researchers found that patients receiving high perioperative oral morphine equivalents were more likely to return to care for pain-related problems.
AHRQ-funded; HS024096.
Citation: Hernandez-Boussard T, Graham LA, Carroll I .
Perioperative opioid use and pain-related outcomes in the Veterans Health Administration.
Am J Surg 2020 Jun;219(6):969-75. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2019.06.022..
Keywords: Opioids, Medication, Pain, Substance Abuse, Surgery, Hospital Readmissions
Newberry CI, Casazza GC, Pruitt LC
Prescription patterns and opioid usage in sinonasal surgery.
The goal of this study was to identify factors associated with variable opioid usage and to delineate optimal prescription patterns for sinonasal surgery. The researchers found that patients used 9.3% of their full prescription and only 2.6% required a refill. The amount used was not associated with complexity of endoscopic sinus surgery, type of opiate prescribed, gender, distance living from hospital, or current opioid usage before surgery. They concluded that opioids are overprescribed after sinonasal surgery and that the amount of postoperative opiate prescribed should be greatly reduced and may be based on the specific procedures performed.
AHRQ-funded; HS024638.
Citation: Newberry CI, Casazza GC, Pruitt LC .
Prescription patterns and opioid usage in sinonasal surgery.
Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2020 Mar;10(3):381-87. doi: 10.1002/alr.22478..
Keywords: Opioids, Medication, Pain, Surgery, Respiratory Conditions, Healthcare Utilization, Practice Patterns, Substance Abuse
Tam CA, Dauw CA, Ghani KR
New persistent opioid use after outpatient ureteroscopy for upper tract stone treatment.
The purpose of this study was to measure the incidence of persistent opioid use following ureteroscopy (URS). Over 100 Americans die every day from opioid overdose. Recent studies suggest that many opioid addictions surface after surgery. The investigators concluded that nearly 1 in 16 opioid-naive patients developed new persistent opioid use after URS. New persistent opioid use was associated with the amount of opioid prescribed at the time of URS. The authors suggest that, given these findings, urologists should re-evaluate their post-URS opioid prescribing patterns.
AHRQ-funded; HS024525; HS024728.
Citation: Tam CA, Dauw CA, Ghani KR .
New persistent opioid use after outpatient ureteroscopy for upper tract stone treatment.
Urology 2019 Dec;134:103-08. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2019.08.042..
Keywords: Opioids, Medication, Substance Abuse, Surgery, Practice Patterns
Ibrahim N, Alameddine M, Brennan J
New onset alcohol use disorder following bariatric surgery.
Researchers sought to characterize the patients and incidence of alcohol use disorder (AUD) following sleeve gastrectomy (SG) compared to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). They found that the prevalence of alcohol use disorder in patients undergoing SG and RYGB was similar pre- and postoperatively, with the majority of patients developing AUD following their second postoperative year. The authors recommended understanding the timing and incidence of AUD in order to provide appropriate counseling and treatment.
AHRQ-funded; HS023621; HS024403.
Citation: Ibrahim N, Alameddine M, Brennan J .
New onset alcohol use disorder following bariatric surgery.
Surg Endosc 2019 Aug;33(8):2521-30. doi: 10.1007/s00464-018-6545-x..
Keywords: Alcohol Use, Behavioral Health, Obesity, Obesity: Weight Management, Substance Abuse, Surgery
Klueh MP, Hu HM, Howard RA
Transitions of care for postoperative opioid prescribing in previously opioid-naive patients in the USA: a retrospective review.
The purpose of this study was to identify specialties prescribing opioids to surgical patients who develop new persistent opioid use. Results showed that, among surgical patients who developed new persistent opioid use, surgeons provided the majority of opioid prescriptions during the first 3 months after surgery, but by 9 to 12 months after surgery, the majority of opioid prescriptions were provided by primary care physicians. Recommendations included enhanced care coordination between surgeons and primary care physicians to allow earlier identification of patients at risk for new persistent opioid use in order to prevent misuse and dependence.
AHRQ-funded; HS023313.
Citation: Klueh MP, Hu HM, Howard RA .
Transitions of care for postoperative opioid prescribing in previously opioid-naive patients in the USA: a retrospective review.
J Gen Intern Med 2018 Oct;33(10):1685-91. doi: 10.1007/s11606-018-4463-1..
Keywords: Transitions of Care, Opioids, Substance Abuse, Surgery, Pain, Medication, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Sekhri S, Arora NS, Cottrell H
Probability of opioid prescription refilling after surgery: does initial prescription dose matter?
In this study, the investigators sought to determine the correlation between the probability of postoperative opioid prescription refills and the amount of opioid prescribed, hypothesizing that a greater initial prescription yields a lower probability of refill. The investigators concluded that the probability of refilling prescription opioids after surgery was not correlated with initial prescription strength, suggesting surgeons could prescribe smaller prescriptions without influencing refill requests.
AHRQ-funded; HS023313.
Citation: Sekhri S, Arora NS, Cottrell H .
Probability of opioid prescription refilling after surgery: does initial prescription dose matter?
Ann Surg 2018 Aug;268(2):271-76. doi: 10.1097/sla.0000000000002308..
Keywords: Medication, Opioids, Pain, Practice Patterns, Substance Abuse, Surgery
Raebel MA, Newcomer SR, Bayliss EA
Chronic opioid use emerging after bariatric surgery.
The purpose of this study was to determine opioid use the year after bariatric surgery among patients who did not use opioids chronically pre-surgery and to identify pre-surgery characteristics associated with chronic opioid use after surgery. It found that patients dispensed 60 to 119 days’ supply during the pre-surgery year were 13.23 to 14.29 times more likely to use opioids chronically post-surgery than patients without opioid use pre-surgery.
AHRQ-funded; HS019912.
Citation: Raebel MA, Newcomer SR, Bayliss EA .
Chronic opioid use emerging after bariatric surgery.
Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2014 Dec;23(12):1247-57. doi: 10.1002/pds.3625..
Keywords: Medication, Obesity, Opioids, Pain, Substance Abuse, Surgery
Raebel MA, Newcomer SR, Reifler LM
Chronic use of opioid medications before and after bariatric surgery.
This study of 11,179 obese patients receiving bariatric surgery found that among the 933 who were using opioids chronically before bariatric surgery, 77 percent continued chronic opioid use in the year following surgery (excluding the first 30 days after surgery). The amount of chronic opioid use was greater postoperatively than preoperatively.
AHRQ-funded; HS019912
Citation: Raebel MA, Newcomer SR, Reifler LM .
Chronic use of opioid medications before and after bariatric surgery.
JAMA. 2013 Oct 2;310(13):1369-76. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.278344..
Keywords: Medication, Obesity, Opioids, Pain, Substance Abuse, Surgery
