National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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Search All Research Studies
Topics
- Adverse Events (1)
- (-) Cardiovascular Conditions (6)
- Critical Care (1)
- Disparities (1)
- Elderly (1)
- Heart Disease and Health (2)
- Medication (1)
- Medication: Safety (1)
- Mortality (1)
- Outcomes (1)
- (-) Racial and Ethnic Minorities (6)
- Risk (4)
- Sleep Problems (1)
- Social Determinants of Health (1)
- (-) Stroke (6)
- Surgery (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 6 of 6 Research Studies DisplayedMallela DP, Canner JK, Zarkowsky DS
Association between race and perioperative outcomes after carotid endarterectomy for asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis in NSQIP.
This study investigated the association of race on carotid endarterectomy (CEA) outcomes. Perioperative outcomes (at 30 days) were compared for Black vs. White patients adjusting for age/sex, comorbidities and disease characteristics. Out of 16,764 patients from the ACS-NSQIP targeted vascular database (2011-2019), 95.2% were White and 4.8% were Black. Black patients were slightly younger and more frequently (79.5% vs 74.0%) had high-grade carotid artery stenosis compared to White patients. Comorbidities including hypertension, diabetes, kidney disease, congestive heart failure, and coronary artery disease were all more prevalent among Black patients. Crude perioperative stroke and stroke/death were higher for Black patients, but myocardial infarction leading to death were similar. After adjusting for baseline differences between groups, the risk of perioperative stroke and stroke/death remained significantly higher for Black patients than White patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS024547.
Citation: Mallela DP, Canner JK, Zarkowsky DS .
Association between race and perioperative outcomes after carotid endarterectomy for asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis in NSQIP.
J Am Coll Surg 2022 Jan;234(1):65-73. doi: 10.1097/xcs.0000000000000016..
Keywords: Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Surgery, Cardiovascular Conditions, Stroke, Risk, Adverse Events
Su CM, Warren A, Kraus C
Lack of racial and ethnic-based differences in acute care delivery in intracerebral hemorrhage.
Int J Emerg Med 2021 Jan 19;14(1):6. doi: 10.1186/s12245-021-00329-w.
Early diagnosis and treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is thought to be critical for improving outcomes. In this study the investigators examined whether racial or ethnic disparities existed in acute care processes in the first hours after ICH. The investigators found no evidence of racial/ethnic disparities in acute care processes or outcomes in ICH. English as first language, however, was associated with slower care processes.
Early diagnosis and treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is thought to be critical for improving outcomes. In this study the investigators examined whether racial or ethnic disparities existed in acute care processes in the first hours after ICH. The investigators found no evidence of racial/ethnic disparities in acute care processes or outcomes in ICH. English as first language, however, was associated with slower care processes.
AHRQ-funded; HS024561.
Citation: Su CM, Warren A, Kraus C .
Lack of racial and ethnic-based differences in acute care delivery in intracerebral hemorrhage.
Int J Emerg Med 2021 Jan 19;14(1):6. doi: 10.1186/s12245-021-00329-w..
Keywords: Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Disparities, Critical Care, Stroke, Cardiovascular Conditions, Outcomes
Kabra R, Girotra S, Vaughan Sarrazin M
Refining stroke prediction in atrial fibrillation patients by addition of African-American ethnicity to CHA2DS2-VASc score.
The authors hypothesized that the addition of African-American ethnicity to the CHA2DS2-VASc score might improve stroke prediction in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). They found that, in patients over age 65 with newly diagnosed AF, the addition of ethnicity to CHA2DS2-VASc score significantly improved stroke prediction.
AHRQ-funded; HS023104.
Citation: Kabra R, Girotra S, Vaughan Sarrazin M .
Refining stroke prediction in atrial fibrillation patients by addition of African-American ethnicity to CHA2DS2-VASc score.
J Am Coll Cardiol 2016 Aug 2;68(5):461-70. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.05.044.
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Keywords: Stroke, Heart Disease and Health, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Risk, Cardiovascular Conditions
Lewis MW, Khodneva Y, Redmond N
The impact of the combination of income and education on the incidence of coronary heart disease in the prospective Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort study.
The authors investigated the association between income-education groups and incident coronary heart disease (CHD) in a national prospective cohort study. They found that, for younger individuals, low income, regardless of education, was associated with higher risk of CHD; however, this was not observed for those 65 years of age or older.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Lewis MW, Khodneva Y, Redmond N .
The impact of the combination of income and education on the incidence of coronary heart disease in the prospective Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort study.
BMC Public Health 2015 Dec 29;15:1312. doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-2630-4.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Social Determinants of Health, Stroke
Kabra R, Cram P, Girotra S
Effect of race on outcomes (stroke and death) in patients >65 years with atrial fibrillation.
The researchers sought to determine whether there are any racial differences in the outcomes of death and stroke in patients with newly diagnosed AF in patients >65 years. They found that the risks of death and stroke are higher in blacks and Hispanics compared with whites. The increased risk was eliminated or significantly reduced after adjusting for preexisting co-morbidities.
AHRQ-funded; HS021992.
Citation: Kabra R, Cram P, Girotra S .
Effect of race on outcomes (stroke and death) in patients >65 years with atrial fibrillation.
Am J Cardiol 2015 Jul 15;116(2):230-5. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2015.04.012..
Keywords: Elderly, Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Stroke, Mortality, Risk
Petrov ME, Howard VJ, Kleindorfer D
Over-the-counter and prescription sleep medication and incident stroke: the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke study.
The authors investigated the relation between sleep medication use and incident stroke. At the sleep assessment, 9.6% of the participants used prescription sleep medication and 11.1% used over-the-counter sleep aids. Over an average follow-up of 3.3 ± 1.0 years, 297 stroke events occurred. The authors found that over-the-counter sleep medication use was associated with increased risk of incident stroke; however, there was no significant association with prescription sleep medications. They concluded that over-the-counter sleep medication use may independently increase the risk of stroke beyond other risk factors in middle-aged to older individuals with no history of stroke.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Petrov ME, Howard VJ, Kleindorfer D .
Over-the-counter and prescription sleep medication and incident stroke: the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke study.
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2014 Sep;23(8):2110-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2014.03.025.
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Keywords: Medication: Safety, Medication, Risk, Sleep Problems, Stroke, Cardiovascular Conditions, Racial and Ethnic Minorities