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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
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1 to 17 of 17 Research Studies DisplayedGrove LR, Gertner AK, Swietek KE
Effect of enhanced primary care for people with serious mental illness on service use and screening.
This retrospective cohort study compared healthcare use and screening receipt of people with serious mental illness (SMI) newly receiving enhanced primary care to people with SMI newly receiving usual primary care. Outcome measures included outpatient visits, emergency department (ED) visits, inpatient stays and dates, and recommended screenings 18 months after the initial visit. Enhanced primary care was associated with an increase of 1.2 primary care visits in the 18 months after the initial visit and decreases of 0.33 non-psychiatric inpatient days and 3.0 non-psychiatric inpatient days. There was no significant effect on psychiatric service and ED visits. Enhanced primary care increased the probability of preventive screenings such as glucose and HIV, decreased the probability of lipid screening, and had no effect on hemoglobin A1c and colorectal cancer screening.
AHRQ-funded; HS000032.
Citation: Grove LR, Gertner AK, Swietek KE .
Effect of enhanced primary care for people with serious mental illness on service use and screening.
J Gen Intern Med 2021 Apr;36(4):970-77. doi: 10.1007/s11606-020-06429-2..
Keywords: Behavioral Health, Primary Care: Models of Care, Primary Care, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Screening, Healthcare Utilization, Healthcare Delivery
Wong MS, Arnold CM, Roberts ET
The relationship between federal housing assistance and uptake of cancer screening among low-income adults.
The primary aim of this study was to examine the relationship between participation in federal housing assistance programs and self-reported cancer screening among low-income adults. The investigators concluded that their results reinforced the need to improve rates of screening and suggested that providing housing assistance, in and of itself, may be insufficient to overcome the multiple access barriers that low-income populations face.
AHRQ-funded; HS000029.
Citation: Wong MS, Arnold CM, Roberts ET .
The relationship between federal housing assistance and uptake of cancer screening among low-income adults.
J Gen Intern Med 2019 Dec;34(12):2714-16. doi: 10.1007/s11606-019-05037-z..
Keywords: Cancer, Screening, Low-Income, Vulnerable Populations, Access to Care, Healthcare Utilization, Social Determinants of Health
Knerr S, Bowles EJA, Leppig KA
Trends in BRCA test utilization in an integrated health system, 2005-2015.
The authors reported 10-year trends in BRCA testing in an integrated health-care system with long-standing access to genetic services. They found that many eligible women did not receive BRCA testing despite having insurance coverage and access to specialty genetic services, thus underscoring challenges to primary and secondary hereditary cancer prevention.
AHRQ-funded; HS022982.
Citation: Knerr S, Bowles EJA, Leppig KA .
Trends in BRCA test utilization in an integrated health system, 2005-2015.
J Natl Cancer Inst 2019 Aug;111(8):795-802. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djz008..
Keywords: Cancer: Breast Cancer, Cancer: Ovarian Cancer, Cancer, Genetics, Screening, Prevention, Healthcare Utilization, Healthcare Delivery, Women
Song LD, Newhouse JP, Garcia-De-Albeniz X
Changes in screening colonoscopy following Medicare reimbursement and cost-sharing changes.
This study examined changes in screening colonoscopy rates after Medicare reimbursement and cost-sharing changed when the Affordable Care Act (ACA) was implemented. A 20% random sample of fee-for-service (FFS) Medicare claims from 2002-2012 was used in this study. Screening colonoscopy rates did increase after 2001 when cost-sharing was eliminated but the amount varied depending on the algorithm used to classify the indication.
AHRQ-funded; HS023128.
Citation: Song LD, Newhouse JP, Garcia-De-Albeniz X .
Changes in screening colonoscopy following Medicare reimbursement and cost-sharing changes.
Health Serv Res 2019 Aug;54(4):839-50. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.13150..
Keywords: Colonoscopy, Healthcare Costs, Healthcare Utilization, Medicare, Payment, Prevention, Screening
Huguet N, Angier H, Rdesinski R
Cervical and colorectal cancer screening prevalence before and after Affordable Care Act Medicaid expansion.
This study assessed changes in the prevalence of cervical and colorectal cancer screening from before and after the Affordable Care Act in Medicaid expansion and non-expansion states among patients seen in community health centers. Results showed that, despite increased prevalences of cervical and colorectal cancer screening in both expansion and non-expansion states across all race/ethnicity groups, rates remained suboptimal for this population of socioeconomically disadvantaged patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS024270.
Citation: Huguet N, Angier H, Rdesinski R .
Cervical and colorectal cancer screening prevalence before and after Affordable Care Act Medicaid expansion.
Prev Med 2019 Jul;124:91-97. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.05.003..
Keywords: Cancer, Cancer: Cervical Cancer, Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Healthcare Delivery, Healthcare Utilization, Medicaid, Policy, Prevention, Screening
Davis MM, Shafer P, Renfro S
Does a transition to accountable care in Medicaid shift the modality of colorectal cancer testing?
This study investigated whether Medicaid expansion due to the Affordable Care Act (ACA) increased the number of patients who tested for colorectal cancer (CRC). Results in Oregon showed that there was an increased in statewide fecal testing mainly in Coordinated Care Organizations (CCOs).
AHRQ-funded; HS022981.
Citation: Davis MM, Shafer P, Renfro S .
Does a transition to accountable care in Medicaid shift the modality of colorectal cancer testing?
BMC Health Serv Res 2019 Jan 21;19(1):54. doi: 10.1186/s12913-018-3864-5..
Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Healthcare Utilization, Medicaid, Prevention, Screening
Roth JA, Carter-Harris L, Brandzel S
A qualitative study exploring patient motivations for screening for lung cancer.
The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the motivations for screening-eligible patients to screen for lung cancer. The investigators concluded that participants in their study were primarily motivated to screen for lung cancer based on perceived benefit of early-detection, absence of safety concerns, and personal relationships. They suggest that their findings can potentially be used to improve lung cancer screening uptake and shared decision-making processes.
AHRQ-funded; HS022982.
Citation: Roth JA, Carter-Harris L, Brandzel S .
A qualitative study exploring patient motivations for screening for lung cancer.
PLoS One 2018 Jul 5;13(7):e0196758. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196758..
Keywords: Cancer: Lung Cancer, Decision Making, Healthcare Utilization, Screening
Volk RJ, Linder SK, Lopez-Olivo MA
Patient decision aids for colorectal cancer screening: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
This systematic review describes studies evaluating patient decision aids for colorectal cancer screening in average-risk adults and their impact on knowledge, screening intentions, and uptake. It concluded that decision aids improve knowledge and interest in screening, and lead to increased screening over no information, but their impact on screening is similar to general colorectal cancer screening information.
AHRQ-funded; HS022134.
Citation: Volk RJ, Linder SK, Lopez-Olivo MA .
Patient decision aids for colorectal cancer screening: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Am J Prev Med 2016 Nov;51(5):779-91. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.06.022.
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Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Decision Making, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Healthcare Utilization, Screening
Strom MA, Silverberg JI
Utilization of preventive health care in adults and children with eczema.
This study examined associations of eczema with vaccination, disease screening, health maintenance, and healthcare utilization. Childhood eczema was associated with higher rates of vaccination for influenza; well child checkups; and interaction with most types of healthcare providers . Adult eczema was associated with higher odds of vaccination for various diseases. It was also associated with increased measurement of blood glucose; cholesterol; blood pressure and HIV infection.
AHRQ-funded; HS023011.
Citation: Strom MA, Silverberg JI .
Utilization of preventive health care in adults and children with eczema.
Am J Prev Med 2016 Feb;50(2):e33-44. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.07.029.
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Keywords: Vaccination, Prevention, Screening, Healthcare Utilization, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Sheridan SL, Sutkowi-Hemstreet A, Barclay C
A comparative effectiveness trial of alternate formats for presenting benefits and harms information for low-value screening services: a randomized clinical trial.
The researchers examined the effect of different benefits and harms presentations on patients' intentions to accept low-value or potentially low-value screening services (prostate cancer screening in men ages 50-69 years; osteoporosis screening in low-risk women ages 50-64 years) They concluded that single, brief, written decision support interventions, such as the ones in this study, are unlikely to be sufficient to change intentions for screening.
AHRQ-funded; HS021133.
Citation: Sheridan SL, Sutkowi-Hemstreet A, Barclay C .
A comparative effectiveness trial of alternate formats for presenting benefits and harms information for low-value screening services: a randomized clinical trial.
JAMA Intern Med 2016 Jan;176(1):31-41. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.7339.
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Keywords: Screening, Decision Making, Health Services Research (HSR), Prevention, Healthcare Utilization
Rezaee ME, Ward CE, Odom BD
Prostate cancer screening practices and diagnoses in patients age 50 and older, Southeastern Michigan, pre/post 2012.
This study investigated the regional impact of the 2012 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation against the use of prostate specific antigen (PSA) screening for prostate cancer. PSA utilization significantly increased during the pre-period, but significantly decreased in the post-period. Prostate biopsies decreased before the 2012 recommendation and did not change afterwards.
AHRQ-funded; HS000084.
Citation: Rezaee ME, Ward CE, Odom BD .
Prostate cancer screening practices and diagnoses in patients age 50 and older, Southeastern Michigan, pre/post 2012.
Prev Med 2016 Jan;82:73-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.11.017.
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Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Cancer: Prostate Cancer, Screening, Elderly, Healthcare Utilization
Amarnath AL, Franks P, Robbins JA
Underuse and overuse of osteoporosis screening in a regional health system: a retrospective cohort study.
The researchers aimed to determine the extent to which dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) screening is used in accordance with USPSTF recommendations within a regional health system. They concluded that DXA screening was underused in women at increased fracture risk, including women age 65 and over. Meanwhile, DXA screening was common among women at low fracture risk, such as younger women without osteoporosis risk factors.
AHRQ-funded; HS022236.
Citation: Amarnath AL, Franks P, Robbins JA .
Underuse and overuse of osteoporosis screening in a regional health system: a retrospective cohort study.
J Gen Intern Med 2015 Dec;30(12):1733-40. doi: 10.1007/s11606-015-3349-8.
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Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Screening, Osteoporosis, Healthcare Utilization, Risk
Roth JA, Sullivan SD, Goulart BH
Projected clinical, resource use, and fiscal impacts of implementing low-dose computed tomography lung cancer screening in Medicare.
The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) recently issued a national coverage determination that provides reimbursement for low-dose computed tomography (CT) lung cancer screening for enrollees age 55 to 77 years. This study’s simulation model projected that over 5 years, that low-dose CT screening will result in 10.7 million more low-dose CT scans, 52,000 more lung cancers detected, and increased overall expenditure of $6.8 billion.
AHRQ-funded; HS022982.
Citation: Roth JA, Sullivan SD, Goulart BH .
Projected clinical, resource use, and fiscal impacts of implementing low-dose computed tomography lung cancer screening in Medicare.
J Oncol Pract 2015 Jul;11(4):267-72. doi: 10.1200/jop.2014.002600.
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Keywords: Cancer: Lung Cancer, Screening, Medicare, Healthcare Costs, Healthcare Utilization
Drake BF, Abadin SS, Lyons S
Mammograms on-the-go-predictors of repeat visits to mobile mammography vans in St Louis, Missouri, USA: a case-control study.
The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which women use mobile mammography vans for breast cancer screening and what factors are associated with repeat visits to these vans. Women who were aged 50–65, uninsured, or African-American had higher odds of a repeat visit to the mobile mammography van compared with women who were aged 40–50, insured, or Caucasian.
AHRQ-funded; HS022330.
Citation: Drake BF, Abadin SS, Lyons S .
Mammograms on-the-go-predictors of repeat visits to mobile mammography vans in St Louis, Missouri, USA: a case-control study.
BMJ Open 2015 Mar 20;5(3):e006960. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006960..
Keywords: Cancer: Breast Cancer, Healthcare Utilization, Screening, Women, Healthcare Utilization, Imaging
Thompson CA, Gomez SL, Chan A
Patient and provider characteristics associated with colorectal, breast, and cervical cancer screening among Asian Americans.
The researchers performed multivariable modeling to evaluate potential predictors (at the provider- and patient-level) of screening completion among Asian patients. They concluded that language- and gender-concordant primary care providers and culturally tailored online health resources may help improve preventive cancer screening in Asian patient populations.
AHRQ-funded; HS019815.
Citation: Thompson CA, Gomez SL, Chan A .
Patient and provider characteristics associated with colorectal, breast, and cervical cancer screening among Asian Americans.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014 Nov;23(11):2208-17. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-14-0487..
Keywords: Cancer: Breast Cancer, Cancer: Cervical Cancer, Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Healthcare Utilization, Screening
Yehia BR, Herati RS, Fleishman JA
Hepatitis C virus testing in adults living with HIV: a need for improved screening efforts.
The authors sought to understand hepatitis C virus (HCV) testing practices in people living with HIV (PLWH) in order to improve compliance with guidelines and help identify areas for future intervention. They concluded that additional efforts to improve compliance with HCV testing guidelines are needed.
AHRQ-authored; AHRQ-funded; 290201100007C.
Citation: Yehia BR, Herati RS, Fleishman JA .
Hepatitis C virus testing in adults living with HIV: a need for improved screening efforts.
PLoS One 2014 Jul 17;9(7):e102766. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102766.
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Keywords: Guidelines, Healthcare Utilization, Hepatitis, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Screening
Wernli KJ, Hubbard RA, Johnson E
Patterns of colorectal cancer screening uptake in newly eligible men and women.
The researchers describe patterns of colorectal cancer screening uptake in a U.S. insured population as individuals become newly eligible for screening at age 50 and assess temporal trends and patient characteristics with screening uptake. Their results suggest that characteristics of newly eligible individuals who initiate colorectal cancer screening are similar to the characteristics of all U.S. adults who receive colorectal cancer screening tests.
AHRQ-funded; HS019482.
Citation: Wernli KJ, Hubbard RA, Johnson E .
Patterns of colorectal cancer screening uptake in newly eligible men and women.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014 Jul;23(7):1230-7. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-13-1360..
Keywords: Screening, Colonoscopy, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Healthcare Utilization
