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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
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1 to 5 of 5 Research Studies DisplayedSabbagh SE, Neely J, Chow A
Risk factors associated with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in juvenile myositis in North America.
Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in adult myositis patients; however, there are few studies examining PJP in juvenile myositis [juvenile idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (JIIM)]. The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors and clinical phenotypes associated with PJP in JIIM. The investigators concluded that having PJP was associated with more immunosuppressive therapy, anti-MDA5 autoantibodies, Asian race and certain clinical features, including digital infarcts, cutaneous ulcerations and interstitial lung disease.
AHRQ-funded; HS000063.
Citation: Sabbagh SE, Neely J, Chow A .
Risk factors associated with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in juvenile myositis in North America.
Rheumatology 2021 Feb;60(2):829-36. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/keaa436..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Pneumonia, Respiratory Conditions, Risk
Strobel RJ, Harrington SD, Hill C
Evaluating the impact of pneumonia prevention recommendations after cardiac surgery.
Pneumonia is the most prevalent healthcare-associated infection after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), but the relative effectiveness of strategies to reduce its incidence remains unclear. In this study, the investigators evaluated the relationship between healthcare-associated infection recommendations and risk of pneumonia after CABG. These pneumonia prevention recommendations may serve as effective targets for avoiding postoperative healthcare-associated infections.
AHRQ-funded; HS022535; HS022909.
Citation: Strobel RJ, Harrington SD, Hill C .
Evaluating the impact of pneumonia prevention recommendations after cardiac surgery.
Ann Thorac Surg 2020 Sep;110(3):903-10. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2019.12.053..
Keywords: Pneumonia, Cardiovascular Conditions, Surgery, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Adverse Events, Prevention, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Risk
Obodozie-Ofoegbu OO, Teng C, Mortensen EM
Antipseudomonal monotherapy or combination therapy for older adults with community-onset pneumonia and multidrug-resistant risk factors: a retrospective cohort study.
Infectious Diseases Society of America guidelines recommend empiric antipseudomonal combination therapy when Pseudomonas is suspected. However, combination antipseudomonal therapy is controversial. This population-based retrospective cohort study compared all-cause 30-day mortality in older patients who received antipseudomonal monotherapy (PMT) or antipseudomonal combination therapy (PCT) for the treatment of community-onset pneumonia. The investigators found that older adults who received combination antipseudomonal therapy for community-onset pneumonia fared worse than those who received monotherapy.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Obodozie-Ofoegbu OO, Teng C, Mortensen EM .
Antipseudomonal monotherapy or combination therapy for older adults with community-onset pneumonia and multidrug-resistant risk factors: a retrospective cohort study.
Am J Infect Control 2019 Sep;47(9):1053-58. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2019.02.018..
Keywords: Antibiotics, Community-Acquired Infections, Elderly, Infectious Diseases, Medication, Pneumonia, Risk
Frei CR, Rehani S, Lee GC
Application of a risk score to identify older adults with community-onset pneumonia most likely to benefit from empiric pseudomonas therapy.
The researchers assessed the impact of empiric Pseudomonas pharmacotherapy on 30-day mortality in hospitalized patients with community-onset pneumonia stratified according to their risk (low, medium, or high) of drug-resistant pathogens. By using a risk score, they found that empiric Pseudomonas therapy was associated with lower 30-day mortality in the high-risk group but not the low- or medium-risk groups.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Frei CR, Rehani S, Lee GC .
Application of a risk score to identify older adults with community-onset pneumonia most likely to benefit from empiric pseudomonas therapy.
Pharmacotherapy 2017 Feb;37(2):195-203. doi: 10.1002/phar.1891.
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Keywords: Elderly, Community-Acquired Infections, Pneumonia, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Risk
Strobel RJ, Liang Q, Zhang M
A preoperative risk model for postoperative pneumonia after coronary artery bypass grafting.
The authors developed a preoperative prediction model for postoperative pneumonia after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). In this article, they describe and discuss their model, which may be used to provide individualized risk estimation and to identify opportunities to reduce a patient's preoperative risk of pneumonia through prehabilitation.
AHRQ-funded; HS022535.
Citation: Strobel RJ, Liang Q, Zhang M .
A preoperative risk model for postoperative pneumonia after coronary artery bypass grafting.
Ann Thorac Surg 2016 Oct;102(4):1213-9. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2016.03.074.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Pneumonia, Adverse Events, Risk, Patient Safety
