National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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Search All Research Studies
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- Asthma (1)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 10 of 10 Research Studies DisplayedHeller CG, Rehm CD, Parsons AH
The association between social needs and chronic conditions in a large, urban primary care population.
This study sought to understand the association between social needs and chronic health conditions using a screening tool and clinical data from Electronic Health Records. From April 2018 to December 2019, 33,550 adult patients completed a 10-item social needs screening tool during primary visits in Bronx and Westchester Counties, NY. A positive, cumulative association between social needs and each of the eight outcomes asked about was found. The relationship was strongest for elevated PHQ-2 (depression screening), alcohol/drug use disorder, and smoking. Those with 3 or greater social needs were 3.9 times more likely to have an elevated PHQ-2 than those without needs. Healthcare transportation challenges was associated with each condition and was the most strongly associated need with half of conditions in the fully-adjusted models. Examples included those with an alcohol/drug use disorder (84% more likely), and smokers (41% more likely).
AHRQ-funded; HS026396.
Citation: Heller CG, Rehm CD, Parsons AH .
The association between social needs and chronic conditions in a large, urban primary care population.
Prev Med 2021 Dec;153:106752. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106752..
Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Urban Health, Primary Care, Low-Income, Social Determinants of Health, Screening
Fiori KP, Rehm CD, Sanderson D
Integrating social needs screening and community health workers in primary care: the community linkage to care program.
This study used logistic regression to identify factors associated with successful social service uptake in an urban pediatric practice. Out of 4948 households screened for social needs from December 2017 to November 2018, 20% self-reported at least one factor. Only 43% of the 287 households with unmet needs reported social service uptake. Greater than 4 outreach encounters were significantly associated with successful referrals. This study suggests the need for additional research and an opportunity for further program optimization.
AHRQ-funded; HS026396.
Citation: Fiori KP, Rehm CD, Sanderson D .
Integrating social needs screening and community health workers in primary care: the community linkage to care program.
Clin Pediatr 2020 Jun;59(6):547-56. doi: 10.1177/0009922820908589..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Community-Based Practice, Primary Care, Social Determinants of Health, Implementation, Low-Income
Heintzman J, Kaufmann J, Ezekiel-Herrera D
Asthma/COPD disparities in diagnosis and basic care utilization among low-income primary care patients.
Obstructive pulmonary disease outcomes in the United States differ between Latinos and non-Hispanic whites. There is little objective data about diagnosis prevalence and primary care visit frequency in these disease processes. In this study, the investigators used electronic health record data to perform a retrospective cohort analysis of 34,849 low-income patients seen at Oregon community health centers between 2009 and 2013 to assess joint racial/ethnic and insurance disparities in diagnosis and visit rates between Latino and non-Hispanic white patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS021522.
Citation: Heintzman J, Kaufmann J, Ezekiel-Herrera D .
Asthma/COPD disparities in diagnosis and basic care utilization among low-income primary care patients.
J Immigr Minor Health 2019 Jun;21(3):659-63. doi: 10.1007/s10903-018-0798-2..
Keywords: Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Chronic Conditions, Disparities, Healthcare Utilization, Low-Income, Primary Care
Wolf ER, Hochheimer CJ, Sabo RT
Gaps in well-child care attendance among primary care clinics serving low-income families.
This retrospective cohort study of children 0 to 6 years old between 2011 and 2016 within 2 health networks spanning 20 states, sought to determine which specific well-child visits (WCVs) are most frequently missed and whether age-specific patterns of attendance differ by race or insurance type. The investigators found that the 15- and 18-month WCVs as well as the 4-year WCV are the least frequently attended WCVs.
AHRQ-funded; HS024270.
Citation: Wolf ER, Hochheimer CJ, Sabo RT .
Gaps in well-child care attendance among primary care clinics serving low-income families.
Pediatrics 2018 Nov;142(5). doi: 10.1542/peds.2017-4019..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Low-Income, Children/Adolescents, Primary Care
Bradley CJ, Neumark D, Walker LS
The effect of primary care visits on other health care utilization: a randomized controlled trial of cash incentives offered to low income, uninsured adults in Virginia.
Investigators recruited low-income uninsured adults in Virginia to determine whether cash incentives would encourage primary care provider (PCP) visits as opposed to going to the hospital emergency room. This randomized, controlled trial determined that PCP visits did increase but no reductions in overall costs occurred there was an offset from increased outpatient utilization.
AHRQ-funded; HS022534.
Citation: Bradley CJ, Neumark D, Walker LS .
The effect of primary care visits on other health care utilization: a randomized controlled trial of cash incentives offered to low income, uninsured adults in Virginia.
J Health Econ 2018 Nov;62:121-33. doi: 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2018.07.006..
Keywords: Healthcare Utilization, Health Insurance, Low-Income, Primary Care, Uninsured, Vulnerable Populations
Nguyen OK, Makam AN, Halm EA
National use of safety-net clinics for primary care among adults with non-Medicaid insurance in the United States.
This study described the prevalence, characteristics, and predictors of safety-net use for primary care among non-Medicaid insured adults (i.e., those with private insurance or Medicare). It concluded that safety net clinics are important primary care delivery sites for non-Medicaid insured minority and low-income populations with a high burden of chronic illness.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Nguyen OK, Makam AN, Halm EA .
National use of safety-net clinics for primary care among adults with non-Medicaid insurance in the United States.
PLoS One 2016 Mar 30;11(3):e0151610. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151610.
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Keywords: Primary Care, Health Insurance, Medicare, Low-Income, Healthcare Delivery
Beck AF, Tschudy MM, Coker TR
AHRQ Author: Mistry KB
Determinants of health and pediatric primary care practices.
This article describes how care structures and processes can be altered in ways that align with the needs of families living in poverty. It also illustrate how such a roadmap can be adapted by practices depending on the degree of patient need and the availability of practice resources devoted to intervening on the social determinants of health.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Beck AF, Tschudy MM, Coker TR .
Determinants of health and pediatric primary care practices.
Pediatrics 2016 Mar;137(3):e20153673. doi: 10.1542/peds.2015-3673.
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Keywords: Primary Care, Low-Income, Children/Adolescents, Health Services Research (HSR), Policy
Leis JA, Solomon BS, Wasserman KE
Preventing postpartum depression in a pediatric primary care clinic: a pilot study.
The goal of this study was to integrate an evidence-based preventive intervention for perinatal depression—the Mothers and Babies (MB) Course—into a pediatric primary care clinic serving low-income, minority families, and to explore intervention acceptability and preliminary outcomes. Findings from this pilot study provide preliminary evidence for the acceptability and feasibility of implementing an evidence-based preventive intervention for postpartum depression.
AHRQ-funded; HS017596.
Citation: Leis JA, Solomon BS, Wasserman KE .
Preventing postpartum depression in a pediatric primary care clinic: a pilot study.
Clin Pediatr 2015 May;54(5):487-90. doi: 10.1177/0009922814536775..
Keywords: Pregnancy, Primary Care, Evidence-Based Practice, Low-Income, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Fiscella K, Geiger HJ
Caring for the poor in the 21st century: enabling community health centers for a new era.
This article discusses various challenges facing community health centers (CHCs) in the 21st century. These include: potential erosion of the Medicaid prospective payment system, the failure of many States to expand Medicaid, the growth of accountable care organizations, the growth of high deductible health insurance for the privately insured, and increased competition for primary care clinicians.
AHRQ-funded; HS022440
Citation: Fiscella K, Geiger HJ .
Caring for the poor in the 21st century: enabling community health centers for a new era.
J Health Care Poor Underserved. 2014 Nov;25(4):2044-52. doi: 10.1353/hpu.2014.0182..
Keywords: Low-Income, Primary Care, Medicaid, Health Insurance
Gupta S, Brenner AT, Ratanawongsa N
Patient trust in physician influences colorectal cancer screening in low-income patients.
The study objective was to characterize the relationship between patient trust and colorectal cancer (CRC) screening behavior among racially and ethnically diverse, low-income patients who had all received a physician recommendation for screening. After controlling for traditional factors, trust in the primary care provider remained the only significant driver of CRC screening completion.
AHRQ-funded; HS013853; HS000032; HS022561
Citation: Gupta S, Brenner AT, Ratanawongsa N .
Patient trust in physician influences colorectal cancer screening in low-income patients.
Am J Prev Med. 2014 Oct;47(4):417-23. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2014.04.020..
Keywords: Screening, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Low-Income, Primary Care