National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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Search All Research Studies
Topics
- Arthritis (1)
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- Behavioral Health (1)
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- Diabetes (1)
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- (-) Low-Income (6)
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- (-) Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (6)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 6 of 6 Research Studies DisplayedPurnell TS, Luo X, Crews DC
Neighborhood poverty and sex differences in live donor kidney transplant outcomes in the United States.
Neighborhood poverty has been associated with worse outcomes after live donor kidney transplantation (LDKT), and prior work suggests that women with kidney disease may be more susceptible to the negative influence of poverty than men. As such, our goal was to examine whether poverty differentially affects women in influencing LDKT outcomes. The investigators concluded that given their findings that poverty was more strongly associated with graft loss in women, targeted efforts are needed to specifically address mechanisms driving these disparities in LDKT outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS024600.
Citation: Purnell TS, Luo X, Crews DC .
Neighborhood poverty and sex differences in live donor kidney transplant outcomes in the United States.
Transplantation 2019 Oct;103(10):2183-89. doi: 10.1097/tp.0000000000002654.
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Keywords: Transplantation, Kidney Disease and Health, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Disparities, Women, Sex Factors, Low-Income, Outcomes
Burnett-Zeigler I, Hong S, Waldron EM
A mindfulness-based intervention for low-income African American women with depressive symptoms delivered by an experienced instructor versus a novice instructor.
The authors piloted a streamlined mindfulness teacher training protocol for Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC) staff. They also examined the distribution and variability of psychologic outcomes for participants in groups led by an experienced instructor compared to a FQHC staff instructor who received the streamlined training. They concluded that preliminary data indicate that health care staff who receive streamlined training to deliver mindfulness-based interventions have comparable outcomes as experienced instructors.
AHRQ-funded; HS023011.
Citation: Burnett-Zeigler I, Hong S, Waldron EM .
A mindfulness-based intervention for low-income African American women with depressive symptoms delivered by an experienced instructor versus a novice instructor.
J Altern Complement Med 2019 Jul;25(7):699-708. doi: 10.1089/acm.2018.0393..
Keywords: Behavioral Health, Comparative Effectiveness, Depression, Low-Income, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Vulnerable Populations, Training, Women
Goodman SM, Mandi LA, Mehta B
Does education level mitigate the effect of poverty on total knee arthroplasty outcomes?
The authors assessed the interaction between education and poverty on 2-year Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain and function. They found that having no college was associated with worse pain and function at baseline and 2 years and that living in a poor neighborhood was associated with worse 2-year pain and function. There was a strong interaction between individual education and community poverty with WOMAC scores at 2 years. Patients without college living in poor communities had pain scores that were ~10 points worse than those with some college; in wealthy communities, college was associated with a 1-point difference in pain. Function was similar. The authors recommended further study on how education protects those in impoverished communities.
AHRQ-funded; HS016075.
Citation: Goodman SM, Mandi LA, Mehta B .
Does education level mitigate the effect of poverty on total knee arthroplasty outcomes?
Arthritis Care Res 2018 Jun;70(6):884-91. doi: 10.1002/acr.23442..
Keywords: Arthritis, Education, Low-Income, Orthopedics, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Social Determinants of Health
Cardet JC, Louisias M, King TS
Income is an independent risk factor for worse asthma outcomes.
The authors investigated whether low income, low education, and high perceived stress were independent risk factors for treatment failure and asthma exacerbations in the context of a randomized controlled trial. They found that participants with lower income were more likely to experience adverse asthma outcomes independent of education, perceived stress, race, and medication adherence.
AHRQ-funded; HS022986.
Citation: Cardet JC, Louisias M, King TS .
Income is an independent risk factor for worse asthma outcomes.
J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018 Feb;141(2):754-60.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.04.036..
Keywords: Asthma, Chronic Conditions, Low-Income, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Risk, Social Determinants of Health
Kangovi S, Mitra N, Grande D
Community health worker support for disadvantaged patients with multiple chronic diseases: a randomized clinical trial.
The researchers sought to determine whether a community health worker (CHW) intervention improved outcomes in a low-income population with multiple chronic conditions. They concluded that a standardized CHW intervention improved chronic disease control, mental health, quality of care, and hospitalizations and could be a useful population health management tool for health care systems.
AHRQ-funded; HS021706.
Citation: Kangovi S, Mitra N, Grande D .
Community health worker support for disadvantaged patients with multiple chronic diseases: a randomized clinical trial.
Am J Public Health 2017 Oct;107(10):1660-67. doi: 10.2105/ajph.2017.303985.
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Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Community-Based Practice, Low-Income, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Osborn CY, Mayberry LS, Kim JM
Medication adherence may be more important than other behaviours for optimizing glycaemic control among low-income adults.
The authors sought to identify which behaviors are most important for HbA1c among low-socioeconomic status patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. They found that only medication adherence was significantly associated with lower HbA1c after adjusting for the other self-care behaviours and further adjusting for demographic and diabetes characteristics. They suggested that focused efforts to improve medication adherence among low-socioeconomic status patient populations may improve glycemic control.
AHRQ-funded; HS022990.
Citation: Osborn CY, Mayberry LS, Kim JM .
Medication adherence may be more important than other behaviours for optimizing glycaemic control among low-income adults.
J Clin Pharm Ther 2016 Jun;41(3):256-9. doi: 10.1111/jcpt.12360.
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Keywords: Diabetes, Low-Income, Medication, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research