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Search All Research Studies
AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Adverse Drug Events (ADE) (1)
- Adverse Events (1)
- Ambulatory Care and Surgery (1)
- (-) Behavioral Health (21)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (2)
- Children/Adolescents (1)
- Chronic Conditions (2)
- Comparative Effectiveness (2)
- COVID-19 (1)
- Depression (9)
- Diabetes (1)
- Healthcare Costs (1)
- Health Information Technology (HIT) (2)
- Heart Disease and Health (2)
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) (6)
- Lifestyle Changes (1)
- Medication (14)
- Medication: Safety (1)
- Opioids (1)
- Patient-Centered Healthcare (2)
- (-) Patient Adherence/Compliance (21)
- Patient and Family Engagement (1)
- Patient Self-Management (1)
- Primary Care (1)
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities (1)
- Research Methodologies (2)
- Rural Health (1)
- Sex Factors (2)
- Social Stigma (2)
- Substance Abuse (2)
- Telehealth (2)
- Vulnerable Populations (1)
- Women (3)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 21 of 21 Research Studies DisplayedCochran G, Cole ES, Sharbaugh M
Provider and patient-panel characteristics associated with initial adoption and sustained prescribing of medication for opioid use disorder.
This study examined primary care provider (PCP) and patient-panel characteristics associated with initial adoption and sustained prescribing of medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD). The authors assessed a retrospective cohort from 2015 to 2018 within the Pennsylvania Medicaid Program. Participants included PCPs who were Medicaid providers, with no history of MOUD provision, and who treated 10 or more Medicaid enrollees annually. The authors identified 113 rural and 782 urban PCPs who engaged in initial adoption and 36 rural and 288 urban PCPs who engaged in sustained prescribing. Rural/urban PCPs who prescribed increasing larger numbers of antidepressant and antipsychotic medications had greater odds of initial adoption and sustained prescribing compared to those that did not prescribe these medications. Each additional patient out of 100 with opioid use disorder diagnosed before MOUD adoption increased the adjusted odds for initial adoption 2% to 4% and sustained prescribing by 4% to 7%. New Medicaid providers in rural areas were 2.52 and in urban areas were 2.66 more likely to engage in initial MOUD adoption compared to established PCPs.
AHRQ-funded; HS025072.
Citation: Cochran G, Cole ES, Sharbaugh M .
Provider and patient-panel characteristics associated with initial adoption and sustained prescribing of medication for opioid use disorder.
J Addict Med 2022 Mar-Apr;16(2):e87-e96. doi: 10.1097/adm.0000000000000859..
Keywords: Opioids, Medication, Substance Abuse, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Behavioral Health
Cibrian FL, Monteiro E, Ankrah E
Parents' perspectives on a smartwatch intervention for children with ADHD: rapid deployment and feasibility evaluation of a pilot intervention to support distance learning during COVID-19.
This paper explores how smartwatch technology, including timing notifications, can support children with ADHD during distance learning due to COVID-19. The researchers used a Digital Health Intervention which included a smartwatch and a smartphone. Their results demonstrated that children successfully adopted the use of the smartwatch, and parents believed that the intervention was helpful, especially in supporting the development of organizational skills in their children. The authors included suggestions to help professionals teach children with ADHD to use smartwatches to improve organization and task completion, especially as it applies to supporting remote instruction.
AHRQ-funded; HS026058.
Citation: Cibrian FL, Monteiro E, Ankrah E .
Parents' perspectives on a smartwatch intervention for children with ADHD: rapid deployment and feasibility evaluation of a pilot intervention to support distance learning during COVID-19.
PLoS One 2021 Oct 27;16(10):e0258959. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258959..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, COVID-19, Behavioral Health, Telehealth, Health Information Technology (HIT), Patient Adherence/Compliance
Baik D, Liu J, Cho H
Factors related to biological sex differences in engagement with healthcare providers in persons living with HIV.
Investigators conducted a secondary analysis of data collected from four projects focused on improving health outcomes in persons living with HIV (PLWH). They found that male patients displayed negative association between depression and engagement with healthcare providers and positive association between engagement with healthcare providers and medication adherence, while female patients showed no association between any of these factors. Anxiety and stigma were not significantly associated with medication adherence. They concluded that adherence interventions for PLWH should be tailored by biological sex.
AHRQ-funded; HS025071.
Citation: Baik D, Liu J, Cho H .
Factors related to biological sex differences in engagement with healthcare providers in persons living with HIV.
AIDS Behav 2020 Sep;24(9):2656-65. doi: 10.1007/s10461-020-02823-3..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Sex Factors, Patient and Family Engagement, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Depression, Behavioral Health, Medication
Moise N, Thanataveerat A, Florez-Salamanca L
Willingness to engage in traditional and novel depression treatment modalities among myocardial infarction survivors.
The authors assessed depression treatment attitudes, acceptability, and willingness by modality among myocardial infarction survivors with elevated depressive symptoms. They found that, despite positive attitudes and general willingness, only 20% were currently in therapy, perhaps due to suboptimal guideline implementation/symptom recognition, low motivation, and access/cost. Additionally, interest in self-help apps was low. The authors recommend further study to understand gaps between generally positive treatment attitudes and low treatment initiation rates.
AHRQ-funded; HS025198.
Citation: Moise N, Thanataveerat A, Florez-Salamanca L .
Willingness to engage in traditional and novel depression treatment modalities among myocardial infarction survivors.
J Gen Intern Med 2020 May;35(5):1620-22. doi: 10.1007/s11606-019-05406-8..
Keywords: Depression, Behavioral Health, Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Patient Adherence/Compliance
Crockett KB, Entler KJ, Brodie E
Brief report: linking depressive symptoms to viral nonsuppression among women with HIV through adherence self-efficacy and ART adherence.
The authors examined a longitudinal sequential path model of the association between depressive symptoms and viral non-suppression in women with HIV (WWH) through adherence self-efficacy beliefs and antiretroviral treatment (ART) adherence behavior mechanisms. Their findings supported depressive symptoms' association with adherence self-efficacy that in turn lead to suboptimal ART adherence and ultimately to viral non-suppression for WWH. They recommended tailoring of interventions aimed at addressing depressive symptoms, substance use, and adherence self-efficacy among WWH to help close the gap between ART prescription and viral suppression on the HIV care continuum.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Crockett KB, Entler KJ, Brodie E .
Brief report: linking depressive symptoms to viral nonsuppression among women with HIV through adherence self-efficacy and ART adherence.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2020 Apr;83(4):340-44. doi: 10.1097/qai.0000000000002268..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Depression, Behavioral Health, Women, Patient Adherence/Compliance
Fung VC, Overhage LN, Sylvia LG
Complex polypharmacy in bipolar disorder: side effect burden, adherence, and response predictors.
Investigators assessed the associations between complex polypharmacy (CP), adherence, and side effect burden, and patient traits associated with clinical improvement in relationship to CP in patients with bipolar disorder. They found that bipolar disorder patients with CP were less likely to adhere to therapy, and those with worse adherence to CP were less likely to clinically respond. They recommended that clinicians assess medication adherence prior to adding another agent to medication regimens.
AHRQ-funded; HS019371.
Citation: Fung VC, Overhage LN, Sylvia LG .
Complex polypharmacy in bipolar disorder: side effect burden, adherence, and response predictors.
J Affect Disord 2019 Oct 1;257:17-22. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.06.050..
Keywords: Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Medication, Behavioral Health, Chronic Conditions, Patient Adherence/Compliance
Hill LM, Golin CE, Gottfredson NC
Drug use mediates the relationship between depressive symptoms and adherence to ART among recently incarcerated people living with HIV.
The purpose of this study was to identify the mechanisms involved with antiretroviral therapy (ART) non-adherence among people living with HIV (PLHIV) after release from prison. Results showed that, on average, study participants achieved 79% ART adherence. Greater symptoms of depression were associated with greater drug use, which was in turn associated with lower adherence. Lower adherence self-efficacy was associated with depressive symptoms, but not with adherence. Results suggested that depression screening and targeted mental health and substance use services for depressed individuals at risk of substance use constitute important steps to promote adherence to ART after prison release.
AHRQ-funded; HS000032.
Citation: Hill LM, Golin CE, Gottfredson NC .
Drug use mediates the relationship between depressive symptoms and adherence to ART among recently incarcerated people living with HIV.
AIDS Behav 2019 Aug;23(8):2037-47. doi: 10.1007/s10461-018-2355-3..
Keywords: Behavioral Health, Depression, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Medication, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Substance Abuse, Vulnerable Populations
Lipira L, Williams EC, Huh D
HIV-related stigma and viral suppression among African-American women: exploring the mediating roles of depression and ART nonadherence.
Investigators recruited a sample of African-American women living with HIV to participate in a stigma-reduction intervention. The women lived in Chicago and Birmingham from 2013 to 2015. The relationship between HIV-related stigma and viral suppression was evaluated and the role of depression and nonadherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) was assessed. Among 100 women who participated 95% reported some level of HIV-related stigma. Those who reported higher levels of stigma did have lower odds of being virally suppressed. The indirect effects of depression and ART nonadherence were not statistically significant.
AHRQ-funded; HS013853.
Citation: Lipira L, Williams EC, Huh D .
HIV-related stigma and viral suppression among African-American women: exploring the mediating roles of depression and ART nonadherence.
AIDS Behav 2019 Aug;23(8):2025-36. doi: 10.1007/s10461-018-2301-4..
Keywords: Depression, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Medication, Behavioral Health, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Social Stigma, Women
Yeh VM, Mayberry LS, Bachmann JM
Depressed mood, perceived health competence and health behaviors: a cross-sectional mediation study in outpatients with coronary heart disease.
Identifying potential mechanisms that link depressed mood with worse health behaviors is important given the prevalence of depressed mood in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and its relationship with subsequent mortality. Perceived health competence is an individual's confidence in his/her ability to successfully engineer solutions to achieve health goals and may explain how depressed mood affects multiple health behaviors. The objective of this study was to examine whether or not perceived health competence mediated the relationship between depressed mood and worse health behaviors.
AHRQ-funded; HS022990.
Citation: Yeh VM, Mayberry LS, Bachmann JM .
Depressed mood, perceived health competence and health behaviors: a cross-sectional mediation study in outpatients with coronary heart disease.
J Gen Intern Med 2019 Jul;34(7):1123-30. doi: 10.1007/s11606-018-4767-1..
Keywords: Depression, Behavioral Health, Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Patient Adherence/Compliance
Turan B, Crockett KB, Buyukcan-Tetik A
Buffering internalization of HIV stigma: implications for treatment adherence and depression.
One mechanism through which social stigma of HIV affects health outcomes for people living with HIV (PLWH) is through internalization of stigma. However, this transformation of social stigma in the community into internalized stigma may not be of the same magnitude for all PLWH. In this study, the investigators examined the moderating effects of 3 personality traits-fear of negative social evaluation, attachment-related anxiety, and dispositional resilience-in transforming perceived stigma in the community into internalized stigma. They also investigated downstream effects of these moderated associations on depressive symptoms and antiretroviral treatment (ART) adherence.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Turan B, Crockett KB, Buyukcan-Tetik A .
Buffering internalization of HIV stigma: implications for treatment adherence and depression.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2019 Mar;80(3):284-91. doi: 10.1097/qai.0000000000001915..
Keywords: Depression, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Medication, Behavioral Health, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Social Stigma
Beebe L, Smith KD, Oppizzi LM
Telephone Intervention-Problem Solving (TIPS) for schizophrenia spectrum disorders: responses of stable outpatients over nine months.
In this study, the investigators conducted a descriptive analysis of data gathered during calls to 87 stable outpatients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, receiving weekly telephone intervention-problem solving (TIPS) for nine months. The investigators suggest that their findings regarding racial differences in antipsychotic delivery method warrant further investigation.
AHRQ-funded; HS022166.
Citation: Beebe L, Smith KD, Oppizzi LM .
Telephone Intervention-Problem Solving (TIPS) for schizophrenia spectrum disorders: responses of stable outpatients over nine months.
Issues Ment Health Nurs 2018 Jul;39(7):561-67. doi: 10.1080/01612840.2018.1431824..
Keywords: Ambulatory Care and Surgery, Medication, Behavioral Health, Patient Adherence/Compliance
Stringer KL, Azuero A, Ott C
Feasibility and acceptability of real-time antiretroviral adherence monitoring among depressed women living with HIV in the deep south of the US.
The purpose of this study was to present feasibility and acceptability data on the use of an electronic adherence monitor (EAM) among African American women in remote areas of the Southeastern United States with HIV and co-occurring depression. EAM and self-reported antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence was monitored among 25 participants recruited at four HIV clinics in Alabama. Intra-class correlation showed a low degree of concordance between EAM and self-reported adherence. 83% of data collected via EAM was transmitted in real-time; the remainder was delayed though technological failures or was lost entirely. The authors conclude that EAM monitoring is feasible in a rural US setting but that technological difficulties may impede the device's usefulness for just-in-time adherence interventions.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Stringer KL, Azuero A, Ott C .
Feasibility and acceptability of real-time antiretroviral adherence monitoring among depressed women living with HIV in the deep south of the US.
AIDS Behav 2018 May;23(5):1306-14. doi: 10.1007/s10461-018-2322-z..
Keywords: Depression, Health Information Technology (HIT), Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Medication, Behavioral Health, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Rural Health, Telehealth, Women
Aysola J, Tahirovic E, Troxel AB
A randomized controlled trial of opt-in versus opt-out enrollment into a diabetes behavioral intervention.
This study compared an opt-out default recruitment strategy with a conventional opt-in strategy for enrollment in behavioral intervention for poorly controlled diabetic patients. The patients were put in a randomized controlled trial at the University of Pennsylvania-associated primary care practices. Enrollment rates were improved for the opt-out default patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS021706.
Citation: Aysola J, Tahirovic E, Troxel AB .
A randomized controlled trial of opt-in versus opt-out enrollment into a diabetes behavioral intervention.
Am J Health Promot 2018 Mar;32(3):745-52. doi: 10.1177/0890117116671673..
Keywords: Behavioral Health, Diabetes, Lifestyle Changes, Patient Adherence/Compliance
Hansen RA, Hohmann N, Maciejewski ML
Continuity of medication management among adults with schizophrenia and comorbid cardiometabolic conditions.
This study examined whether medication adherence, inpatient admissions, and emergency department (ED) visits vary by the number and types of prescribers seen by adults with schizophrenia and cardiometabolic conditions. Greater antipsychotic adherence for adults receiving prescriptions from multiple psychiatric specialists was counteracted by lower statin adherence and greater risk of ED and inpatient utilization.
AHRQ-funded; HS023099.
Citation: Hansen RA, Hohmann N, Maciejewski ML .
Continuity of medication management among adults with schizophrenia and comorbid cardiometabolic conditions.
J Pharm Health Serv Res 2018 Mar;9(1):13-20. doi: 10.1111/jphs.12201.
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Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Medication, Behavioral Health, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Patient-Centered Healthcare
Grove LR, Olesiuk WJ, Ellis AR
Evaluating the potential for primary care to serve as a mental health home for people with schizophrenia.
This study examined the annual primary care and specialty mental health service utilization of adult North Carolina Medicaid enrollees with schizophrenia and at least one comorbid chronic condition who were in a medical home during 2007-2010. It concluded that medical home enrollment was associated with increased use of primary care and specialty mental health care, as well as increased medication adherence.
AHRQ-funded; HS019659; HS000032.
Citation: Grove LR, Olesiuk WJ, Ellis AR .
Evaluating the potential for primary care to serve as a mental health home for people with schizophrenia.
Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2017 Jul;47:14-19. doi: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2017.03.002.
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Keywords: Medication, Behavioral Health, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Primary Care
Brewer NT, DeFrank JT, Gilkey MB
Anticipated regret and health behavior: a meta-analysis.
The authors sought better understanding of anticipated regret's role in motivating health behaviors. They found that anticipated inaction regret has a stronger and more stable association with health behavior than previously thought and recommended giving greater attention to understanding how anticipated regret differs from similar constructs.
AHRQ-funded; HS021133.
Citation: Brewer NT, DeFrank JT, Gilkey MB .
Anticipated regret and health behavior: a meta-analysis.
Health Psychol 2016 Nov;35(11):1264-75. doi: 10.1037/hea0000294.
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Keywords: Behavioral Health, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Patient Self-Management
Kahwati L, Viswanathan M, Golin CE
Identifying configurations of behavior change techniques in effective medication adherence interventions: a qualitative comparative analysis.
The researchers aimed to extend the results from an existing systematic review of interventions to improve medication adherence by using qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) to identify necessary or sufficient configurations of behavior change techniques among effective interventions. They were able to identify seven configurations of behavior change techniques sufficient for improving adherence, which together accounted for 26 (76 percent) of the effective studies.
AHRQ-funded; HS022563.
Citation: Kahwati L, Viswanathan M, Golin CE .
Identifying configurations of behavior change techniques in effective medication adherence interventions: a qualitative comparative analysis.
Syst Rev 2016 May 4;5:83. doi: 10.1186/s13643-016-0255-z.
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Keywords: Medication, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Research Methodologies, Comparative Effectiveness, Behavioral Health
Kahwati L, Jacobs S, Kane H
Using qualitative comparative analysis in a systematic review of a complex intervention.
The objective of this study was to describe in detail and examine the suitability of using qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) within the context of a systematic review. It concluded that QCA was suitable for use within a systematic review of medication adherence interventions and offered insights beyond the single dimension stratifications used in the original completed review.
AHRQ-funded; HS022563.
Citation: Kahwati L, Jacobs S, Kane H .
Using qualitative comparative analysis in a systematic review of a complex intervention.
Syst Rev 2016 May 4;5:82. doi: 10.1186/s13643-016-0256-y.
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Keywords: Medication, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Research Methodologies, Comparative Effectiveness, Behavioral Health
Samples H, Mojtabai R
Antidepressant self-discontinuation: results from the collaborative psychiatric epidemiology surveys.
The authors examined the extent and correlates of self-discontinuation of antidepressant medications without physician advice using the Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Surveys. They concluded that physicians prescribing antidepressants need to communicate clearly about the expected benefits of treatment, the minimum duration of use required to experience benefits, and the potential side effects of these medications, particularly to younger patients, those with anxiety disorders, and patients treated in general medical settings, all of whom have increased odds of self-discontinuation.
AHRQ-funded; HS000029.
Citation: Samples H, Mojtabai R .
Antidepressant self-discontinuation: results from the collaborative psychiatric epidemiology surveys.
Psychiatr Serv 2015 May;66(5):455-62. doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.201400021.
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Keywords: Medication, Depression, Medication: Safety, Behavioral Health, Patient Adherence/Compliance
Predmore ZS, Mattke S, Horvitz-Lennon M
Improving antipsychotic adherence among patients with schizophrenia: savings for states.
The authors presented findings of an analysis conducted to quantify the potential net savings to state budgets from interventions to improve adherence to antipsychotic drugs among patients with schizophrenia. Their financial model estimated an annual cost of $21.4 billion (in 2013 dollars) to Medicaid programs and other state agencies for people with schizophrenia. They concluded that better adherence could yield annual net savings of $3.28 billion to states and recommended that states consider interventions shown to increase medication adherence in this patient group.
AHRQ-funded; HS000029.
Citation: Predmore ZS, Mattke S, Horvitz-Lennon M .
Improving antipsychotic adherence among patients with schizophrenia: savings for states.
Psychiatr Serv 2015 Apr;66(4):343-5. doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.201400506.
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Keywords: Healthcare Costs, Medication, Behavioral Health, Patient Adherence/Compliance
Dakwar E, Levin FR, Olfson M
First treatment contact for ADHD: predictors of and gender differences in treatment seeking.
The investigators aimed to estimate ADHD treatment-seeking probabilities over the lifetime and to identify predictors of treatment seeking for ADHD separately for males and females. They found that a large proportion of persons with ADHD do not seek treatment, and that treatment seeking by males was affected by a greater number of identifiable characteristics, suggesting that males might be more responsive to efforts directed toward expediting treatment entry.
AHRQ-funded; HS016097.
Citation: Dakwar E, Levin FR, Olfson M .
First treatment contact for ADHD: predictors of and gender differences in treatment seeking.
Psychiatr Serv 2014 Dec;65(12):1465-73. doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.201300298.
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Keywords: Behavioral Health, Sex Factors, Patient Adherence/Compliance