National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
Latest available findings on quality of and access to health care
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Search All Research Studies
Topics
- Care Management (1)
- Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI) (3)
- Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI) (3)
- Comparative Effectiveness (1)
- COVID-19 (1)
- Critical Care (3)
- Evidence-Based Practice (2)
- (-) Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) (6)
- Hospitals (2)
- (-) Infectious Diseases (6)
- Inpatient Care (1)
- (-) Intensive Care Unit (ICU) (6)
- Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (2)
- Newborns/Infants (1)
- Patient-Centered Healthcare (1)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (1)
- Patient Safety (5)
- Prevention (4)
- Quality Improvement (1)
- Quality of Care (1)
- Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) (3)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 6 of 6 Research Studies DisplayedKrauss DM, Molefe A, Hung L
AHRQ Author: Henderson S, Miller M
Emergent themes from a quality improvement programme for CLABSI/CAUTI prevention in ICUs amid the COVID-19 pandemic.
In this study, researchers summarized themes for maintaining infection prevention activities learned from the implementation of a quality improvement (QI) program during the COVID-19 pandemic. They concluded that future shocks such as the pandemic must be anticipated, and the healthcare system must be resilient to the resulting disruptions to healthcare-associated infection prevention activities. Their study encountered four themes for successful maintenance of infection prevention activities during the current pandemic: the value of a pre-existing infection prevention infrastructure; a flexibility in approach; broad buy-in for maintaining QI programs; and the facilitation of idea-sharing.
AHRQ-authored; AHRQ-funded; 233201500016I.
Citation: Krauss DM, Molefe A, Hung L .
Emergent themes from a quality improvement programme for CLABSI/CAUTI prevention in ICUs amid the COVID-19 pandemic.
BMJ Open Qual 2022 Nov;11(4):e001926. doi: 10.1136/bmjoq-2022-001926..
Keywords: COVID-19, Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI), Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI), Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Quality Improvement, Quality of Care, Critical Care, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Prevention, Urinary Tract Infection (UTI), Infectious Diseases
Meddings J, Greene MT, Ratz D
Multistate programme to reduce catheter-associated infections in intensive care units with elevated infection rates.
AHRQ’s Safety Program for ICUs aimed to reduce central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) and catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) in intensive care units with elevated rates. Included hospitals had at least one adult intensive care unit with elevated CLABSI or CAUTI rates. The investigators targeted intensive care units with elevated catheter infection rates but yielded no statistically significant reduction in CLABSI, CAUTI or catheter utilization in the first two of six planned cohorts. Improvements in the interventions based on lessons learned from these initial cohorts are being applied to subsequent cohorts.
AHRQ-funded; 233201500016I.
Citation: Meddings J, Greene MT, Ratz D .
Multistate programme to reduce catheter-associated infections in intensive care units with elevated infection rates.
BMJ Qual Saf 2020 May;29(5):418-29. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2019-009330..
Keywords: Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI), Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI), Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Infectious Diseases, Patient Safety, Urinary Tract Infection (UTI), Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Hospitals, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Inpatient Care, Critical Care
Milstone AM, Voskertchian A, Koontz DW
Effect of treating parents colonized with Staphylococcus aureus on transmission to neonates in the intensive care unit: a randomized clinical trial.
This study examined the effect of treating parents of neonates in the intensive care unit (NICUs) with intranasal mupirocin and topical chlorhexidine compared with a placebo treatment and whether it reduces transmission of Staphlyococcus aureus to their babies. A double-blind randomized trial was conducted at 2 tertiary NICUs in Baltimore, MD from November 2014 to December 2018. Parents were given intranasal treatments for 5 days. Of the intervention group 13 of 89 neonates acquired S aureus, and in the control group 29 of 101 neonates acquired S aureus with the same strain as their parents. The results showed a significant reduction in transmission.
AHRQ-funded; HS022872.
Citation: Milstone AM, Voskertchian A, Koontz DW .
Effect of treating parents colonized with Staphylococcus aureus on transmission to neonates in the intensive care unit: a randomized clinical trial.
JAMA 2020 Jan;323(4):295-386. doi: 10.1001/jama.2019.20785..
Keywords: Newborns/Infants, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Infectious Diseases, Patient Safety, Prevention
Patel PK, Gupta A, Vaughn VM
Review of strategies to reduce central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) and catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) in adult ICUs.
This systematic review was conducted back in October 2015 within PubMed and Cochrane databases on interventions to reduce central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) and catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI). The interventions were categorized by stages applicable to both CAUTI and CLABSI prevention. Stage 0: avoid catheter if possible; Stage 1: ensure aseptic placement; Stage 2: maintain awareness and proper care of catheters in place, and Stage 3: promptly remove unnecessary catheters. They also looked for effective components that the 5 stages were most successful with. The review is designed for hospitalists to use to formulate quality improvement interventions for infection reduction.
AHRQ-funded; HS018334.
Citation: Patel PK, Gupta A, Vaughn VM .
Review of strategies to reduce central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) and catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) in adult ICUs.
J Hosp Med 2018 Feb;13(2):105-16. doi: 10.12788/jhm.2856..
Keywords: Care Management, Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI), Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI), Evidence-Based Practice, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Infectious Diseases, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Patient Safety, Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
Harris AD, Pineles L, Belton B
Universal glove and gown use and acquisition of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the ICU: a randomized trial.
Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are associated with increased patient morbidity and mortality. It is unknown whether wearing gloves and gowns for all patient contact in the intensive care unit (ICU) decreases acquisition of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The purpose of this study was to assess whether wearing gloves and gowns for all patient contact in the ICU decreases acquisition of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) or vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) compared with usual care.
AHRQ-funded; HS018111; 290200600015.
Citation: Harris AD, Pineles L, Belton B .
Universal glove and gown use and acquisition of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the ICU: a randomized trial.
JAMA 2013 Oct 16;310(15):1571-80. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.277815..
Keywords: Patient Safety, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Infectious Diseases, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Hospitals, Prevention, Critical Care
Huang SS, Septimus E, Kleinman K
Targeted versus universal decolonization to prevent ICU infection.
In this pragmatic, cluster-randomized trial the authors compared targeted versus universal decolonization of patients in intensive care units (ICUs) as strategies for preventing health care-associated infections, particularly those caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). They found that in routine ICU practice, universal decolonization was more effective than targeted decolonization or screening and isolation in reducing rates of MRSA clinical isolates and bloodstream infection from any pathogen.
AHRQ-funded; 290201000008I.
Citation: Huang SS, Septimus E, Kleinman K .
Targeted versus universal decolonization to prevent ICU infection.
N Engl J Med 2013 Jun 13;368(24):2255-65. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1207290..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Infectious Diseases, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient Safety, Prevention