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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
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1 to 12 of 12 Research Studies DisplayedHsuan C, Hsia RY, Horwitz JR
Ambulance diversions following public hospital emergency department closures.
The purpose of this study was to examine whether hospitals are more likely to temporarily close their emergency departments to ambulances, through ambulance diversions, if neighboring diverting hospitals are public vs private. Results showed that sample hospitals respond differently to diversions by neighboring public (vs private) hospitals. The authors conclude that these findings suggest that these hospitals might be strategically declaring ambulance diversions to avoid treating low-paying patients served by public hospitals.
AHRQ-funded; HS024247.
Citation: Hsuan C, Hsia RY, Horwitz JR .
Ambulance diversions following public hospital emergency department closures.
Health Serv Res 2019 Aug;54(4):870-79. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.13147..
Keywords: Access to Care, Emergency Department, Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Health Services Research (HSR), Hospitals
Adelgais KM, Hansen M, Lerner EB
Establishing the key outcomes for pediatric emergency medical services research.
The evidence supporting best practices when treating children in the prehospital setting or even the effect emergency medical services (EMS) has on patient outcomes is limited. This article describes a consensus process among stakeholders in the pediatric emergency medicine and EMS community that identified the critical outcomes for EMS care in five clinical areas (traumatic brain injury, general injury, respiratory disease/failure, sepsis, and seizures).
AHRQ-funded; HS026101.
Citation: Adelgais KM, Hansen M, Lerner EB .
Establishing the key outcomes for pediatric emergency medical services research.
Acad Emerg Med 2018 Dec;25(12):1345-54. doi: 10.1111/acem.13637..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Evidence-Based Practice, Health Services Research (HSR), Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Mbachu SN, Pieribone VA, Bechtel KA
Optimizing recruitment and retention of adolescents in ED research: findings from concussion biomarker pilot study.
The authors conducted a pilot study to optimize screening, recruitment, and enrollment strategies for a larger, fully-powered study that seeks to identify proteins in the blood of adolescent athletes following a concussion that are significantly and consistently altered compared with age- and gender-matched controls with isolated extremity injuries. They found that EHR-based notifications and financial incentives for participation in ED research on prolonged recovery in adolescents with concussion increased participant identification and enrollment and retention rates to inform and optimize the enrollment and recruitment strategies for a larger study. There was a clear trend for participants to present to the ED on nights or weekends, likely reflecting the time of sport play.
AHRQ-funded; HS021271.
Citation: Mbachu SN, Pieribone VA, Bechtel KA .
Optimizing recruitment and retention of adolescents in ED research: findings from concussion biomarker pilot study.
Am J Emerg Med 2018 May;36(5):884-87. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2017.09.014.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Emergency Department, Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Health Services Research (HSR), Research Methodologies
Newgard CD, Uribe-Leitz T, Haider AH
Undertriage remains a vexing problem for even the most highly developed trauma systems: The need for innovations in field triage.
This paper is a commentary on an article by Voskens FJ, et al., published in 2017 in JAMA Surgery, entitled “Accuracy of prehospital triage in selecting severely injured trauma patients.”
AHRQ-funded; HS023796.
Citation: Newgard CD, Uribe-Leitz T, Haider AH .
Undertriage remains a vexing problem for even the most highly developed trauma systems: The need for innovations in field triage.
AHRQ-funded; HS023796..
Keywords: Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Health Services Research (HSR), Trauma
Zachrison KS, Hayden EM, Schwamm LH
Characterizing New England emergency departments by telemedicine use.
The primary objective of this study was to describe the prevalence of telemedicine use in New England EDs and the clinical applications of use. It concluded that telemedicine is commonly used in New England EDs. In 2014, use was more common among rural EDs and EDs with limited neurology consultant availability. In contrast, telemedicine use was less common among very low-volume EDs.
AHRQ-funded; HS024561.
Citation: Zachrison KS, Hayden EM, Schwamm LH .
Characterizing New England emergency departments by telemedicine use.
West J Emerg Med 2017 Oct;18(6):1055-60. doi: 10.5811/westjem.2017.8.34880.
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Keywords: Emergency Department, Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Healthcare Delivery, Health Services Research (HSR), Telehealth
Martsolf G, Fingar KR, Coffey R
Association between the opening of retail clinics and low-acuity emergency department visits.
This study assessed whether the opening of retail clinics near emergency departments (ED) is associated with decreased ED utilization for low-acuity conditions. It concluded that with increased patient demand resulting from the expansion of health insurance coverage, retail clinics may emerge as an important care location, but to date, they have not been associated with a meaningful reduction in low-acuity ED visits.
AHRQ-authored; AHRQ-funded.
Citation: Martsolf G, Fingar KR, Coffey R .
Association between the opening of retail clinics and low-acuity emergency department visits.
Ann Emerg Med 2017 Apr;69(4):397-403.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2016.08.462.
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Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Healthcare Utilization, Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Health Services Research (HSR), Ambulatory Care and Surgery
Ranney ML, Fletcher J, Alter H
A consensus-driven agenda for emergency medicine firearm injury prevention research.
In order to develop an evidence-based research agenda, the researchers identified fifty-nine final emergency medicine-relevant research questions, including questions that cut across all firearm injury topics and questions specific to self-directed violence (suicide and attempted suicide), intimate partner violence, peer (nonpartner) violence, mass violence, and unintentional ("accidental") injury. Some of these questions could be addressed through research conducted in emergency departments; others would require work in other settings.
AHRQ-funded; HS023901.
Citation: Ranney ML, Fletcher J, Alter H .
A consensus-driven agenda for emergency medicine firearm injury prevention research.
Ann Emerg Med 2017 Feb;69(2):227-40. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2016.08.454.
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Keywords: Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Prevention, Health Services Research (HSR), Injuries and Wounds
Dodd KW, Berman A, Brown J
Funding research in emergency department shared decision making: a summary of the 2016 Academic Emergency Medicine Consensus Conference Panel Discussion.
This article summarizes a panel discussion of funding priorities and examples of successfully funded projects related to shared decision making in emergency medicine. The discussion was part of the 2016 Academic Emergency Medicine Consensus Conference, "Shared Decision Making in the Emergency Department: Development of a Policy-relevant Patient-centered Research Agenda."
AHRQ-funded; HS024172.
Citation: Dodd KW, Berman A, Brown J .
Funding research in emergency department shared decision making: a summary of the 2016 Academic Emergency Medicine Consensus Conference Panel Discussion.
Acad Emerg Med 2016 Dec;23(12):1340-45. doi: 10.1111/acem.13063.
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Keywords: Emergency Department, Decision Making, Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Health Services Research (HSR)
Mueller LR, Donnelly JP, Jacobson KE
National characteristics of emergency medical services in frontier and remote areas.
This study sought to describe the national characteristics and outcomes of EMS care provided in frontier and remote (FAR) areas in the continental United States (US). It found that FAR responses were more likely to be of American Indian or Alaska Native race. Age, ethnicity, location type, and clinical impressions were similar between FAR and non-FAR responses. On-scene death was more likely in FAR than non-FAR responses.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Mueller LR, Donnelly JP, Jacobson KE .
National characteristics of emergency medical services in frontier and remote areas.
Prehosp Emerg Care 2016;20(2):191-9. doi: 10.3109/10903127.2015.1086846.
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Keywords: Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Rural Health, Provider: Health Personnel, Health Services Research (HSR), Outcomes
Lewiss RE, Chan W, Sheng AY
Research priorities in the utilization and interpretation of diagnostic imaging: Education, assessment, and competency.
A group of radiologists, physicists, and emergency physicians convened at the 2015 Academic Emergency Medicine consensus conference to discuss and prioritize a research agenda related to education, assessment, and competency in ordering and interpreting diagnostic imaging. In this article, the authors review the supporting reliability and validity evidence and make specific recommendations for future research on the education, competency, and assessment of learning diagnostic imaging.
AHRQ-funded; HS023498.
Citation: Lewiss RE, Chan W, Sheng AY .
Research priorities in the utilization and interpretation of diagnostic imaging: Education, assessment, and competency.
Acad Emerg Med 2015 Dec;22(12):1447-54. doi: 10.1111/acem.12833.
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Keywords: Imaging, Education: Continuing Medical Education, Emergency Department, Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Healthcare Utilization, Health Services Research (HSR)
Melnick ER, Shafer K, Rodulfo N
Understanding overuse of computed tomography for minor head injury in the emergency department: a triangulated qualitative study.
The objective was to identify nonclinical, human factors that promote or inhibit the appropriate use of computed tomography (CT) in patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with minor head injury. Five core domains emerged from the analysis: establishing trust, anxiety (patient and provider), constraints related to ED practice, the influence of others, and patient expectations.
AHRQ-funded; HS021271.
Citation: Melnick ER, Shafer K, Rodulfo N .
Understanding overuse of computed tomography for minor head injury in the emergency department: a triangulated qualitative study.
Acad Emerg Med 2015 Dec;22(12):1474-83. doi: 10.1111/acem.12824.
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Keywords: Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Imaging, Brain Injury, Decision Making, Health Services Research (HSR)
Mutter R, Stocks C
Using Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) data for emergency medicine research.
This article mentions Kocher et al., elsewhere in this issue, who use the HCUP Nationwide Inpatient Sample to examine the association between the volume of ED encounters that result in admission and inpatient mortality. It further discusses HCUP strengths, weaknesses, and future.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Mutter R, Stocks C .
Using Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) data for emergency medicine research.
Ann Emerg Med 2014 Nov;64(5):458-60. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2014.09.014.
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Keywords: Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Healthcare Costs, Healthcare Delivery, Health Services Research (HSR), Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)
