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Search All Research Studies
Topics
- Adverse Drug Events (ADE) (1)
- Adverse Events (1)
- (-) Clinical Decision Support (CDS) (4)
- Community-Acquired Infections (1)
- Decision Making (1)
- Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) (1)
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) (1)
- (-) Healthcare Costs (4)
- Health Information Technology (HIT) (3)
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- Infectious Diseases (1)
- Medical Errors (1)
- Medication (1)
- Pneumonia (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 4 of 4 Research Studies DisplayedJiang S, Mathias PC, Hendrix N
Implementation of pharmacogenomic clinical decision support for health systems: a cost-utility analysis.
This paper describes a cost-effectiveness model that was constructed to assess the clinical and economic value of a clinical decision support (CDS) alert program that provides pharmacogenomic (PGx) testing results compared to no alert program in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and atrial fibrillation (AF) from a health system perspective. The authors projected that 20% of 500,000 health-system members between the ages of 55 and 65 received PGx testing for CYP2C19 (ACS-clopidogrel) and CYP2C9, CYP4F2 and VKORC1 (AF-warfarin) annually. Clinical events, costs, and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) were calculated for CYP2C19 (ACS-clopidogrel) and CYP2C9, CYP4F2 and VKORC1 (AF-warfarin) testing outcomes annually. Clinical events, costs, and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) over 20 years were calculated with an annual discount rate of 3%. A total of 3169 alerts would be fired. The CDS alert program was predicted to help avoid 16 major clinical events and 6 deaths for ACS; and 2 clinical events and 0.9 deaths for AF. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was measured as $39,477/QALY, which would make the alert program cost-effective.
AHRQ-funded; HS026544.
Citation: Jiang S, Mathias PC, Hendrix N .
Implementation of pharmacogenomic clinical decision support for health systems: a cost-utility analysis.
Pharmacogenomics J 2022 May;22(3):188-97. doi: 10.1038/s41397-022-00275-7..
Keywords: Clinical Decision Support (CDS), Healthcare Costs, Health Systems, Health Information Technology (HIT)
Asti L, Bartsch SM, Umscheid CA
The potential economic value of sputum culture use in patients with community-acquired pneumonia and healthcare-associated pneumonia.
Researchers developed a decision model to determine the economic and clinical value of using sputum cultures in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP) from the hospital perspective under various conditions. They found that, overall, obtaining sputum cultures does not provide significant clinical or economic benefits for CAP or HCAP patients; however, it can reduce costs and shorten overall length of stay under some circumstances. They recommended that clinicians consider their local conditions when making decisions about sputum culture use.
AHRQ-funded; HS023317.
Citation: Asti L, Bartsch SM, Umscheid CA .
The potential economic value of sputum culture use in patients with community-acquired pneumonia and healthcare-associated pneumonia.
Clin Microbiol Infect 2019 Aug;25(8):1038.e1-38.e9. doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2018.11.031..
Keywords: Pneumonia, Community-Acquired Infections, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Infectious Diseases, Healthcare Costs, Clinical Decision Support (CDS), Decision Making
Slight SP, Seger DL, Franz C
The national cost of adverse drug events resulting from inappropriate medication-related alert overrides in the United States.
Investigators worked to determine the national cost of adverse drug events (ADEs) in the United States in 2014. They used three different regression models. They used a random sample of 40,990 adult inpatients at the Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston with over 1.6 million medication orders. They extrapolated the medication orders using 2014 National Inpatient Sample (NIS) data. They estimated that out of 78.8 million total medication alerts, 5.5 million medication alerts would have been inappropriately overridden resulting in 196,660 ADEs. They estimated it would have cost between $871 million and $1.8 billion for treating these preventable ADEs in the United States.
AHRQ-funded; HS021094.
Citation: Slight SP, Seger DL, Franz C .
The national cost of adverse drug events resulting from inappropriate medication-related alert overrides in the United States.
J Am Med Inform Assoc 2018 Sep;25(9):1183-88. doi: 10.1093/jamia/ocy066..
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Clinical Decision Support (CDS), Health Information Technology (HIT), Healthcare Costs, Medical Errors, Medication
Nuckols TK, Asch SM, Patel V
Implementing Computerized Provider Order Entry In Acute Care Hospitals in the United States could generate substantial savings to society.
This study was conducted to evaluate from the societal perspective the cost-utility of implementing computerized physician order entry (CPOE) in acute care hospitals in the United States. It found that relative to paper ordering and using typical estimates of implementation costs, CPOE had, on average, a 99 percent probability of yielding savings to society and improving health.
AHRQ-funded; HS017954.
Citation: Nuckols TK, Asch SM, Patel V .
Implementing Computerized Provider Order Entry In Acute Care Hospitals in the United States could generate substantial savings to society.
Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf 2015 Aug;41(8):341-50..
Keywords: Health Information Technology (HIT), Hospitals, Clinical Decision Support (CDS), Healthcare Costs