National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
151 to 175 of 223 Research Studies DisplayedDaley MF, Narwaney KJ, Shoup JA
Addressing parents' vaccine concerns: a randomized trial of a social media intervention.
Successful strategies are needed to address parental vaccine hesitancy, a significant public health issue. The study objective was to assess whether an Internet-based platform with vaccine information and interactive social media components improved parents' vaccine-related attitudes. The authors concluded that among vaccine-hesitant parents, an Internet-based intervention improved parents' attitudes about vaccines.
AHRQ-funded; HS021492.
Citation: Daley MF, Narwaney KJ, Shoup JA .
Addressing parents' vaccine concerns: a randomized trial of a social media intervention.
Am J Prev Med 2018 Jul;55(1):44-54. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2018.04.010..
Keywords: Caregiving, Patient Safety, Social Media, Vaccination, Web-Based
Garfield CF, Simon CD, Rutsohn J
Stress from the neonatal intensive care unit to home: paternal and maternal cortisol rhythms in parents of premature infants.
The purpose of the study was to examine cortisol diurnal rhythms, a physiologic marker of stress, over the transition from the critical care setting to home for fathers and mothers of very low-birth-weight infants, including how cortisol is associated with psychosocial stress and parenting sense of competence. The investigators noted that fathers may be especially susceptible to stressors during this transition.
AHRQ-funded; HS020316.
Citation: Garfield CF, Simon CD, Rutsohn J .
Stress from the neonatal intensive care unit to home: paternal and maternal cortisol rhythms in parents of premature infants.
J Perinat Neonatal Nurs 2018 Jul/Sep;32(3):257-65. doi: 10.1097/jpn.0000000000000296..
Keywords: Caregiving, Newborns/Infants, Newborns/Infants, Stress, Transitions of Care
Burgette JM, Preisser JS, Weinberger M
Absence of a moderating effect of parent health literacy on Early Head Start enrollment and dental use.
The purpose of the study was to examine the moderating effect of parents' health literacy (HL) on the effectiveness of North Carolina Early Head Start (EHS) in improving children's dental use. The investigators found that parents in EHS had a higher prevalence of low HL compared to non-EHS parents. Parents' HL did not moderate the relationship between EHS and child dental use, suggesting that EHS results in similar improvements in dental use regardless of parent's HL levels.
AHRQ-funded; HS000032.
Citation: Burgette JM, Preisser JS, Weinberger M .
Absence of a moderating effect of parent health literacy on Early Head Start enrollment and dental use.
J Public Health Dent 2018 Jun;78(3):257-65. doi: 10.1111/jphd.12269..
Keywords: Caregiving, Children/Adolescents, Dental and Oral Health, Health Literacy
Greenhawt M, Chan ES, Fleischer DM
Caregiver and expecting caregiver support for early peanut introduction guidelines.
This study investigates caregiver preferences for early peanut introduction (EPI) recommendations. The study concluded that among new and expecting caregivers, there is poor current willingness and questionable support for early allergenic solid food recommendations, including in-office allergy risk assessment before introduction. Willingness was better among expecting vs current caregivers.
AHRQ-funded; HS024599.
Citation: Greenhawt M, Chan ES, Fleischer DM .
Caregiver and expecting caregiver support for early peanut introduction guidelines.
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2018 Jun;120(6):620-25. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2018.03.001..
Keywords: Caregiving, Children/Adolescents, Guidelines, Newborns/Infants, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Bardach NS, Burkhart Q, Richardson LP
Hospital-based quality measures for pediatric mental health care.
The objective of this study was to develop and test medical record-based measures used to assess quality of pediatric mental health care in the emergency department (ED) and inpatient settings. The investigators drafted an evidence-based set of pediatric mental health care quality measures for the ED and inpatient settings and used them to identify sex and race disparities and substantial hospital variation.
AHRQ-funded; HS020506.
Citation: Bardach NS, Burkhart Q, Richardson LP .
Hospital-based quality measures for pediatric mental health care.
Pediatrics 2018 Jun;141(6). doi: 10.1542/peds.2017-3554..
Keywords: Cancer, Caregiving, Children/Adolescents, Clinician-Patient Communication, Communication, Decision Making, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Patient Experience, Patient and Family Engagement
Krishnan S, Pappadis MR, Weller SC
Patient-centered mobility outcome preferences according to individuals with stroke and caregivers: a qualitative analysis.
This study explored the mobility-related preferences among stroke survivors and caregivers following post-acute rehabilitation at inpatient or skilled nursing facilities. Frequently mentioned outcome preferences by survivors were ability to walk (88 percent), move, and balance. They also wanted to acquire assistive devices to move independently. Caregivers were concerned with the survivor's safety and wanted them to drive (53 percent), prevent falls, have home accommodations, and transfer independently.
AHRQ-funded; HS022134; HS024711.
Citation: Krishnan S, Pappadis MR, Weller SC .
Patient-centered mobility outcome preferences according to individuals with stroke and caregivers: a qualitative analysis.
Disabil Rehabil 2018 Jun;40(12):1401-09. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2017.1297855.
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Keywords: Caregiving, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Patient Safety, Rehabilitation, Stroke
Gilmore-Bykovskyi A, Johnson R, Walljasper L
Underreporting of gender and race/ethnicity differences in NIH-funded dementia caregiver support interventions.
The objective of this study was to determine the inclusion and reporting rates among NIH-funded dementia caregiver support interventions. Findings suggested limited NIH guideline compliance that may reflect a lack of awareness regarding potential gender disparities in caregiving roles. In order to ensure NIH guideline compliance, shared investments from researchers, editors, and reviewers to make certain that group differences are systematically identified and reported are recommended.
AHRQ-funded; HS022548.
Citation: Gilmore-Bykovskyi A, Johnson R, Walljasper L .
Underreporting of gender and race/ethnicity differences in NIH-funded dementia caregiver support interventions.
Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 2018 May;33(3):145-52. doi: 10.1177/1533317517749465..
Keywords: Caregiving, Sex Factors, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Guidelines, Dementia, Disparities
Favier LA, Taylor J, Loiselle Rich K
Barriers to adherence in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a multicenter collaborative experience and preliminary results.
The purpose of our study was to design and implement a standardized approach to identifying adherence barriers for youth with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and to assess the frequency of adherence barriers in patients and their caregivers across treatment modalities. It concluded that implementing a standardized tool assessing adherence barriers in the JIA population across multiple clinical settings is feasible.
AHRQ-funded; HS021114.
Citation: Favier LA, Taylor J, Loiselle Rich K .
Barriers to adherence in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a multicenter collaborative experience and preliminary results.
J Rheumatol 2018 May;45(5):690-96. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.171087.
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Keywords: Caregiving, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Quality Improvement, Arthritis, Children/Adolescents
Couture B, Lilley E, Chang F
Applying user-centered design methods to the development of an mHealth application for use in the hospital setting by patients and care partners.
This article describes user-centered design methods and results for developing the patient and family facing user interface and functionality of MySafeCare, a safety reporting tool for hospitalized patients and their family members. Results showed that user-centered design should focus on workflow functionality, terminology, and user interface issues for mHealth applications.
AHRQ-funded; HS023535.
Citation: Couture B, Lilley E, Chang F .
Applying user-centered design methods to the development of an mHealth application for use in the hospital setting by patients and care partners.
Appl Clin Inform 2018 Apr;9(2):302-12. doi: 10.1055/s-0038-1645888..
Keywords: Telehealth, Health Information Technology (HIT), Hospitals, Caregiving
Parast L, Bardach NS, Burkhart Q
Development of new quality measures for hospital-based care of suicidal youth.
This study researched the value of 4 new quality measures developed to assess hospital-based care for suicidal youth. The four quality measures focused on counseling caregivers about restricting access to lethal means of self-harm, and the benefits and risks of antidepressant medications. They were divided into measures for the emergency department (ED) and inpatient measures. Survey field tests were conducted with caregivers of youth who were admitted to the ED or inpatient care for suicidality at 1 of 2 children’s hospitals between July 2013 and June 2014. Most caregivers did receive counseling about restricting their child’s access to lethal means of self-harm and also reported higher rates of counseling of benefits on antidepressants both in the ED and in the inpatient setting than the risks.
AHRQ-funded; HS020506.
Citation: Parast L, Bardach NS, Burkhart Q .
Development of new quality measures for hospital-based care of suicidal youth.
Acad Pediatr 2018 Apr;18(3):248-55. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2017.09.017..
Keywords: Caregiving, Children/Adolescents, Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), Education: Patient and Caregiver, Emergency Department, Hospitalization, Hospitals, Inpatient Care, Behavioral Health, Prevention, Quality of Care, Quality Measures
Shah AN, Beck AF, Sucharew HJ
Parental adverse childhood experiences and resilience on coping after discharge.
Researchers sought to quantify adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and resilience scores for parents of hospitalized children and evaluate their associations to parental coping after discharge. They concluded that more parental adversity and less resilience are associated with parental coping difficulties after discharge, representing potentially important levers for transition-focused interventions.
AHRQ-funded; HS024735.
Citation: Shah AN, Beck AF, Sucharew HJ .
Parental adverse childhood experiences and resilience on coping after discharge.
Pediatrics 2018 Apr;141(4). doi: 10.1542/peds.2017-2127.
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Keywords: Caregiving, Children/Adolescents, Domestic Violence, Family Health and History, Hospitalization
Wisk LE, Gray SH, Gooding HC
I thought you said this was confidential?-Challenges to protecting privacy for teens and young adults.
In this opinion paper, the authors discuss challenges to protecting privacy for teens and young adults. They specifically examine the implications of the dependent coverage expansion provision of the Affordable Care Act.
AHRQ-funded; HS022986.
Citation: Wisk LE, Gray SH, Gooding HC .
I thought you said this was confidential?-Challenges to protecting privacy for teens and young adults.
JAMA Pediatr 2018 Mar;172(3):209-10. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2017.3927..
Keywords: Caregiving, Children/Adolescents, Clinician-Patient Communication, Communication, Policy, Young Adults
Irwin MM, Dudley W, Northouse L
Oncology nurses' knowledge, confidence, and practice in addressing caregiver strain and burden.
An email survey of 2,055 Oncology Nursing Society members was conducted to determine their attitudes and knowledge of caregiver strain and burden. The results show that they tended to overestimate the strength of evidence of their knowledge based more on anecdotal evidence from being or having received care from an informal caregiver.
AHRQ-funded; HS021957.
Citation: Irwin MM, Dudley W, Northouse L .
Oncology nurses' knowledge, confidence, and practice in addressing caregiver strain and burden.
Oncol Nurs Forum 2018 Mar 1;45(2):187-96. doi: 10.1188/18.onf.187-196..
Keywords: Cancer, Caregiving, Provider: Nurse
Sun CJ, Seloilwe ES, Magowe M
Gender differences in sexual and reproductive health protective and risk factors of Batswana adolescents: implications for parent and adolescent interventions.
The HIV epidemic continues in sub-Saharan Africa and Botswana and adolescents there have borne the brunt. This analysis assessed gender differences in sexual and reproductive health protective and risk factors in 228 Batswana adolescents. Although three-quarters of adolescents prefer to have their parents teach them about sex, it is the fourth most common source of information.
AHRQ-funded; HS022981.
Citation: Sun CJ, Seloilwe ES, Magowe M .
Gender differences in sexual and reproductive health protective and risk factors of Batswana adolescents: implications for parent and adolescent interventions.
AIDS Educ Prev 2018 Feb;30(1):35-46. doi: 10.1521/aeap.2018.30.1.35..
Keywords: Caregiving, Children/Adolescents, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Prevention, Risk, Sex Factors, Sexual Health
Blackburn J, Albright KC, Haley WE
Men lacking a caregiver have greater risk of long-term nursing home placement after stroke.
The purpose of this study was to understand how the availability of a caregiver can affect nursing home placement after ischemic stroke and how this affects different subgroups differently. The investigators found that in men aged 65 and older who have survived an ischemic stroke, the lack of an available caregiver is associated with triple the risk of NHP within 5 years.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Blackburn J, Albright KC, Haley WE .
Men lacking a caregiver have greater risk of long-term nursing home placement after stroke.
J Am Geriatr Soc 2018 Jan;66(1):133-39. doi: 10.1111/jgs.15166..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Caregiving, Elderly, Long-Term Care, Men's Health, Nursing Homes, Stroke
Greenhawt M, DunnGalvin A
Preliminary psychometric analyses and clinical performance of a caregiver self-efficacy scale for food allergy self-management.
The researchers examined the preliminary reliability, validity, and clinical performance of a novel 8-item Food Allergy Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (FASEQ). They present preliminary evidence that the FASEQ is a valid tool to assess caregiver food allergy self-efficacy.
AHRQ-funded; HS024599.
Citation: Greenhawt M, DunnGalvin A .
Preliminary psychometric analyses and clinical performance of a caregiver self-efficacy scale for food allergy self-management.
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2018 Jan;120(1):73-79. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2017.09.060.
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Keywords: Caregiving, Nutrition, Patient Self-Management, Tools & Toolkits
Cox ED, Hansen K, Rajamanickam VP
Are parents who feel the need to watch over their children's care better patient safety partners?
In this study, the investigators assessed whether needing to watch over care predicted parent performance of recommended safety behaviors to reduce medication errors and health care-associated infections. The researchers concluded that parents who reported the need to watch over care were more likely to perform behaviors specific to safe medication use (but not hand hygiene) compared with those not reporting this need.
AHRQ-funded; HS018680.
Citation: Cox ED, Hansen K, Rajamanickam VP .
Are parents who feel the need to watch over their children's care better patient safety partners?
Hosp Pediatr 2017 Dec;7(12):716-22. doi: 10.1542/hpeds.2017-0036..
Keywords: Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Caregiving, Children/Adolescents, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Medical Errors, Medication, Patient Safety
Aslakson R, Dy SM, Wilson RF
Patient and caregiver-reported assessment tools for palliative care: summary of the 2017 AHRQ Technical Brief.
This paper summarizes palliative care assessment tools completed by or with patients or caregivers, and identifies needs for future tool development and evaluation. It concluded that few to no tools address the spiritual, ethical, or cultural domains or patient-reported experience with end of life care. While some data exists on psychometric properties of tools, the responsiveness of different tools to change and/or comparisons between tools have not been evaluated.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500006I.
Citation: Aslakson R, Dy SM, Wilson RF .
Patient and caregiver-reported assessment tools for palliative care: summary of the 2017 AHRQ Technical Brief.
J Pain Symptom Manage 2017 Dec;54(6):961-72.e16. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2017.04.022.
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Keywords: Caregiving, Evidence-Based Practice, Palliative Care, Patient Experience, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Albrecht JS, O'Hara LM, Moser KA
Perception of barriers to the diagnosis and receipt of treatment for neuropsychiatric disturbances after traumatic brain injury.
This study explored perceptions of barriers and facilitators to the diagnosis and receipt of treatment for neuropsychiatric disturbances (NPDs) after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Using semistructured interviews and focus groups, it found that barriers included poor provider education on TBI NPDs and limited access to care due to lack of insurance, transportation, and income. Facilitators included patient education on TBI NPDs and strong caregiver support.
AHRQ-funded; HS024560.
Citation: Albrecht JS, O'Hara LM, Moser KA .
Perception of barriers to the diagnosis and receipt of treatment for neuropsychiatric disturbances after traumatic brain injury.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2017 Dec;98(12):2548-52. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2017.06.007.
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Keywords: Brain Injury, Caregiving, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Behavioral Health, Trauma
Ganapathy D, Acharya C, Lachar J
The patient buddy app can potentially prevent hepatic encephalopathy-related readmissions.
The researchers aimed to define the feasibility of using the Patient Buddy App and its impact on 30-day readmissions by engaging and educating cirrhotic inpatients and caregivers in a pilot study. In their proof-of-concept trial, the use of Patient Buddy is feasible in recently discharged patients with cirrhosis and their caregivers. Eight hepatic encephalopathy-related readmissions were potentially avoided after the use of the App.
AHRQ-funded; HS024004.
Citation: Ganapathy D, Acharya C, Lachar J .
The patient buddy app can potentially prevent hepatic encephalopathy-related readmissions.
Liver Int 2017 Dec;37(12):1843-51. doi: 10.1111/liv.13494.
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Keywords: Caregiving, Chronic Conditions, Health Information Technology (HIT), Patient and Family Engagement, Hospital Readmissions
Gustafson DH, DuBenske LL, Atwood AK
Reducing symptom distress in patients with advanced cancer using an e-alert system for caregivers: Pooled analysis of two randomized clinical trials.
The aim of this paper was to assess the effects on cancer patient symptom distress of an eHealth system that alerts clinicians to significant changes in the patient's symptoms, as reported by a family caregiver. It found that when severe caregiver-reported symptoms were shared with clinicians, the symptoms were more likely to be subsequently reported as improved than when the symptoms were not shared with clinicians.
AHRQ-funded; HS019917.
Citation: Gustafson DH, DuBenske LL, Atwood AK .
Reducing symptom distress in patients with advanced cancer using an e-alert system for caregivers: Pooled analysis of two randomized clinical trials.
J Med Internet Res 2017 Nov 14;19(11):e354. doi: 10.2196/jmir.7466.
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Keywords: Cancer, Caregiving, Communication, Telehealth, Web-Based
Walker J, Crotty BH, O'Brien J
Addressing the challenges of aging: how elders and their care partners seek information.
Elders in retirement communities face many challenges concerning information and communication. The purpose of this study was to gain insights into how these elders and their families manage health information and communication. The study suggests that elders in senior living communities, and their families, piece together information primarily from word of mouth communication. It asserts that electronic social and collaborative technologies may make information gathering easier.
AHRQ-funded; HS021495.
Citation: Walker J, Crotty BH, O'Brien J .
Addressing the challenges of aging: how elders and their care partners seek information.
Gerontologist 2017 Oct 1;57(5):955-62. doi: 10.1093/geront/gnw060..
Keywords: Elderly, Caregiving, Communication, Care Coordination, Patient and Family Engagement, Health Information Technology (HIT)
Jutkowitz E, Kane RL, Gaugler JE
Societal and family lifetime cost of dementia: implications for policy.
This study estimated the cost of dementia and the extra cost of caring for someone with dementia over the cost of caring for someone without dementia. It found that the discounted total lifetime cost of care for a person with dementia was $321,780. Costs for a person with dementia over a lifetime were $184,500 greater (86% incurred by families) than for someone without dementia.
AHRQ-funded; HS024165.
Citation: Jutkowitz E, Kane RL, Gaugler JE .
Societal and family lifetime cost of dementia: implications for policy.
J Am Geriatr Soc 2017 Oct;85(10):2169-75. doi: 10.1111/jgs.15043.
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Keywords: Healthcare Costs, Dementia, Elderly, Caregiving
Wong MS, Jones-Smith JC, Colantuoni E
The longitudinal association between early childhood obesity and fathers' involvement in caregiving and decision-making.
This study assessed the longitudinal association between changes in obesity among children aged 2 to 4 years and changes in fathers' involvement with raising children. Children whose fathers increased their frequency of taking children outside and involvement with physical childcare experienced a decrease in their odds of obesity from age 2 to age 4.
AHRQ-funded; HS000029.
Citation: Wong MS, Jones-Smith JC, Colantuoni E .
The longitudinal association between early childhood obesity and fathers' involvement in caregiving and decision-making.
Obesity 2017 Oct;25(10):1754-61. doi: 10.1002/oby.21902.
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Keywords: Caregiving, Children/Adolescents, Family Health and History, Obesity, Patient-Centered Healthcare
Khan A, Furtak SL, Melvin P
Parent-provider miscommunications in hospitalized children.
The objectives of this study were to: (1) examine characteristics of parent-provider miscommunications about hospitalized children; (2) describe associations among parent-provider miscommunications, parent-reported errors, and hospital experience; and (3) compare parent and attending physician reports of parent-provider miscommunications. The investigators found that parent-provider miscommunications were associated with parent-reported errors and suboptimal hospital experience. Parents reported parent-provider miscommunications more often than attending physicians did.
AHRQ-funded; HS022986; HS000063.
Citation: Khan A, Furtak SL, Melvin P .
Parent-provider miscommunications in hospitalized children.
Hosp Pediatr 2017 Sep;7(9):505-15. doi: 10.1542/hpeds.2016-0190..
Keywords: Adverse Events, Caregiving, Children/Adolescents, Clinician-Patient Communication, Communication, Hospitalization, Hospitals, Medical Errors, Patient Safety