National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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Search All Research Studies
Topics
- Adverse Events (4)
- (-) Cardiovascular Conditions (7)
- Chronic Conditions (1)
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- Evidence-Based Practice (1)
- Guidelines (1)
- Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) (2)
- Healthcare Costs (2)
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- Heart Disease and Health (4)
- Home Healthcare (1)
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- Long-Term Care (1)
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- (-) Pneumonia (7)
- Prevention (1)
- Risk (2)
- Surgery (3)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 7 of 7 Research Studies DisplayedStrobel RJ, Harrington SD, Hill C
Evaluating the impact of pneumonia prevention recommendations after cardiac surgery.
Pneumonia is the most prevalent healthcare-associated infection after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), but the relative effectiveness of strategies to reduce its incidence remains unclear. In this study, the investigators evaluated the relationship between healthcare-associated infection recommendations and risk of pneumonia after CABG. These pneumonia prevention recommendations may serve as effective targets for avoiding postoperative healthcare-associated infections.
AHRQ-funded; HS022535; HS022909.
Citation: Strobel RJ, Harrington SD, Hill C .
Evaluating the impact of pneumonia prevention recommendations after cardiac surgery.
Ann Thorac Surg 2020 Sep;110(3):903-10. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2019.12.053..
Keywords: Pneumonia, Cardiovascular Conditions, Surgery, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Adverse Events, Prevention, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Risk
Wang Y, Eldridge N, Metersky ML
AHRQ Author: Eldridge N, Rodrick D
Association between Medicare expenditures and adverse events for patients with acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, or pneumonia in the United States.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether hospital-specific adverse event rates were associated with hospital-specific risk-standardized 30-day episode-of-care Medicare expenditures for fee-for-service patients discharged with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), heart failure (HF), or pneumonia. Investigators concluded that hospitals with high adverse event rates were more likely to have high 30-day episode-of-care Medicare expenditures for patients discharged with AMI, HF, or pneumonia.
AHRQ-authored; AHRQ-funded; 290201200003C.
Citation: Wang Y, Eldridge N, Metersky ML .
Association between Medicare expenditures and adverse events for patients with acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, or pneumonia in the United States.
JAMA Netw Open 2020 Apr;3(4):e202142. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.2142..
Keywords: Adverse Events, Patient Safety, Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Pneumonia, Medicare, Healthcare Costs
Popescu I, Sood N, Joshi S
Trends in the use of skilled nursing facility and home health care under the Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program: an interrupted time-series analysis.
Medicare's Hospital Readmission Reduction Program penalizes hospitals with elevated 30-day readmission rates for acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, or pneumonia. The authors investigated if, in order to reduce readmissions, hospitals may have increased referrals to skilled nursing facilities and home health care. They found that hospitals might be shifting to more intensive postacute care to avoid readmissions among seniors with pneumonia. At the same time, penalized hospitals' efforts to prevent readmissions may be keeping higher proportions of their patients in the community.
AHRQ-funded; HS024284; HS025394.
Citation: Popescu I, Sood N, Joshi S .
Trends in the use of skilled nursing facility and home health care under the Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program: an interrupted time-series analysis.
Med Care 2019 Oct;57(10):757-65. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000001184..
Keywords: Home Healthcare, Nursing Homes, Chronic Conditions, Hospital Readmissions, Long-Term Care, Hospitals, Heart Disease and Health, Pneumonia, Cardiovascular Conditions
Desai NR, Ott LS, George EJ
Variation in and hospital characteristics associated with the value of care for Medicare beneficiaries with acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, and pneumonia.
The objectives of this study were to investigate the association between hospital-level 30-day risk-standardized mortality rates (RSMRs) and 30-day risk-standardized payments (RSPs) for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), heart failure (HF), and pneumonia (PNA); to characterize patterns of value in care; and to identify hospital characteristics associated with high-value care (defined by having lower than median RSMRs and RSPs).
AHRQ-funded; HS023000.
Citation: Desai NR, Ott LS, George EJ .
Variation in and hospital characteristics associated with the value of care for Medicare beneficiaries with acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, and pneumonia.
JAMA Netw Open 2018 Oct 5;1(6):e183519. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.3519..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Elderly, Hospitalization, Hospitals, Heart Disease and Health, Inpatient Care, Medicare, Mortality, Pneumonia
Thompson MP, Cabrera L, Strobel RJ
Association between postoperative pneumonia and 90-day episode payments and outcomes among Medicare beneficiaries undergoing cardiac surgery.
Postoperative pneumonia is the most common healthcare-associated infection in cardiac surgical patients, yet their impact across a 90-day episode of care remains unknown. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between pneumonia and 90-day episode payments and outcomes among Medicare beneficiaries undergoing cardiac surgery. The investigators concluded that postoperative pneumonia was associated with significantly higher 90-day episode payments and inferior outcomes at the patient and hospital level.
AHRQ-funded; HS022535.
Citation: Thompson MP, Cabrera L, Strobel RJ .
Association between postoperative pneumonia and 90-day episode payments and outcomes among Medicare beneficiaries undergoing cardiac surgery.
Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2018 Sep;11(9):e004818. doi: 10.1161/circoutcomes.118.004818..
Keywords: Elderly, Surgery, Medicare, Cardiovascular Conditions, Heart Disease and Health, Pneumonia, Payment, Healthcare Costs, Outcomes, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Health Insurance
Brescia AA, Rankin JS, Cyr DD
Determinants of variation in pneumonia rates after coronary artery bypass grafting.
In this study, investigators determined to what extent patient risk factors account for hospital variation in pneumonia rates. Their findings suggested that patient risk profiles only account for a fraction of hospital variation in pneumonia rates. The investigators assert that enhanced understanding of other contributory factors (eg, processes of care) is required to lessen the likelihood of such nosocomial infections.
AHRQ-funded; HS022535.
Citation: Brescia AA, Rankin JS, Cyr DD .
Determinants of variation in pneumonia rates after coronary artery bypass grafting.
Ann Thorac Surg 2018 Feb;105(2):513-20. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2017.08.012..
Keywords: Adverse Events, Cardiovascular Conditions, Pneumonia, Surgery
Strobel RJ, Liang Q, Zhang M
A preoperative risk model for postoperative pneumonia after coronary artery bypass grafting.
The authors developed a preoperative prediction model for postoperative pneumonia after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). In this article, they describe and discuss their model, which may be used to provide individualized risk estimation and to identify opportunities to reduce a patient's preoperative risk of pneumonia through prehabilitation.
AHRQ-funded; HS022535.
Citation: Strobel RJ, Liang Q, Zhang M .
A preoperative risk model for postoperative pneumonia after coronary artery bypass grafting.
Ann Thorac Surg 2016 Oct;102(4):1213-9. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2016.03.074.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Pneumonia, Adverse Events, Risk, Patient Safety