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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
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1 to 3 of 3 Research Studies DisplayedStrayer TE, Spalluto LB, Burns A
Using the framework for reporting adaptations and modifications-expanded (frame) to study adaptations in lung cancer screening delivery in the Veterans Health Administration: a cohort study.
The purpose of this study was to apply the Framework for Reporting Adaptations and Modifications-Expanded (FRAME) to study adaptations in lung cancer screening delivery processes in a Veterans Health Administration (VHA) Initiative. Between 2019 and 2021 the researchers prospectively administered semi-structured interviews with lung cancer screening program navigators at 10 Veterans Affairs Medical Centers (VAMCs). Baseline process maps were developed for each program, and each program navigator reviewed process maps in subsequent years 1 and 2. Researchers then identified, documented, and mapped adaptations in screening processes to the FRAME categories. 16 interviews were conducted across 10 VHA lung cancer screening programs, with 6 of these being operational, and of those 3 reported adaptations to their screening processes that were planned or in response to COVID-19. In year 2 all 10 programs were operational and eligible. Programs reported 14 adaptations in year 2. The adaptations identified were both planned and unplanned and often prompted by increased workload; 57% of year 2 adaptations were associated with the identification and eligibility of Veterans and 43% were associated with follow-up with Veterans for screening results. During the 2 years, adaptations associated with data management and patient tracking took place in 60% of programs to improve the data collection and tracking of Veterans in the screening process. The study concluded that adaptations took place predominantly in the categories of patient identification and communication of results due to increased workload.
AHRQ-funded; HS026122; HS026395.
Citation: Strayer TE, Spalluto LB, Burns A .
Using the framework for reporting adaptations and modifications-expanded (frame) to study adaptations in lung cancer screening delivery in the Veterans Health Administration: a cohort study.
Implement Sci Commun 2023 Jan 12; 4(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s43058-022-00388-x..
Keywords: Cancer: Lung Cancer, Cancer, Screening, Evidence-Based Practice, Learning Health Systems
Spalluto LB, Lewis JA, Stolldorf D
Organizational readiness for lung cancer screening: a cross-sectional evaluation at a Veterans Affairs medical center.
Lung cancer has the highest cancer-related mortality in the United States and among Veterans. Screening of high-risk individuals with low-dose CT (LDCT) can improve survival through detection of early-stage lung cancer. Organizational factors that aid or impede implementation of this evidence-based practice in diverse populations are not well described. In this study, the investigators evaluated organizational readiness for change and change valence (belief that change is beneficial and valuable) for implementation of LDCT screening.
AHRQ-funded; HS026395.
Citation: Spalluto LB, Lewis JA, Stolldorf D .
Organizational readiness for lung cancer screening: a cross-sectional evaluation at a Veterans Affairs medical center.
J Am Coll Radiol 2021 Jun;18(6):809-19. doi: 10.1016/j.jacr.2020.12.010..
Keywords: Cancer: Lung Cancer, Cancer, Screening, Implementation, Organizational Change
Brown TJ Keshvani, N Gupta, et al.
Rates of appropriate laxative prophylaxis for opioid-induced constipation in veterans with lung cancer: a retrospective cohort study.
This study examined trends in the use of laxatives for opioid-induced constipation (OIC) in patients prescribed opioids for cancer pain treatment. A retrospective study was conducted of lung cancer patients seen in the Veteran’s Affair system from 2003 to 2016. There were 130,990 individuals included in the analysis. The majority (87%) received no prophylaxis (75%) or received docusate alone while 5% received OIC prophylaxis with the unnecessary addition of docusate. Throughout the study period, laxative prescription significantly decreased while categories of OIC prophylaxis were unchanged. The study concluded that almost 90% received inadequate or inappropriate OIC prophylaxis.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Brown TJ Keshvani, N Gupta, et al..
Rates of appropriate laxative prophylaxis for opioid-induced constipation in veterans with lung cancer: a retrospective cohort study.
Support Care Cancer 2020 Nov;28(11):5315-21. doi: 10.1007/s00520-020-05364-6..
Keywords: Cancer: Lung Cancer, Cancer, Opioids, Medication, Prevention, Pain