Search all AHRQ sites
SHARE:
AHRQ Research Studies
Sign up: 
AHRQ Research Studies Email updates
Research Studies is a monthly compilation of research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers and recently published in journals or newsletters.
Results
1 to 25 of 105 Research Studies Displayed
Bardach NS, Harder VS, McCulloch CE
Follow-up after asthma emergency department visits and its relationship with subsequent asthma-related utilization.
Researchers sought to assess the association between follow-up after an asthma-related emergency department (ED) visit and the likelihood of subsequent asthma-related ED utilization. Using data from California Medicaid, Vermont, and Massachusetts all-payer claims databases, they found a protective association between outpatient 14-day follow-up and asthma-related ED revisits. They suggested that this may reflect improved asthma control as providers follow the NHLBI guideline stepwise approach.
AHRQ-funded; HS025297; HS020518.
Citation:
Bardach NS, Harder VS, McCulloch CE .
Follow-up after asthma emergency department visits and its relationship with subsequent asthma-related utilization.
Acad Pediatr 2022 Apr;22(3S):S125-S32. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2021.10.015..
Keywords:
Children/Adolescents, Asthma, Emergency Department, Respiratory Conditions, Healthcare Utilization
Jaladanki S, Schechter SB, Genies MC
Strategies for sustaining high-quality pediatric asthma care in community hospitals.
This study’s objective was to identify strategies associated with sustained guideline adherence and high-quality pediatric asthma care in community hospitals. Hospitals who were part of the Pathways for Improving Pediatric Asthma Care (PIPA) national quality improvement (QI) intervention were included. Clinicians (n = 19) involved in clinical care of children hospitalized with asthma were interviewed from five higher- and three lower-performing hospitals. Higher-performing hospitals had dedicated local champions who consistently provided reminders of evidence-based practices and delivered ongoing education. These champions also modified/developed electronic health record (EHR) tools. Lower-performing hospital clinicians described unique barriers, including delays in modifying the EHR and lack of automation of EHR tools. For all hospitals, barriers to sustainability included challenges with quality monitoring, decreasing focus of local champions over time, and ongoing difficulties developing around evidence-based practices.
AHRQ-funded; HS027041.
Citation:
Jaladanki S, Schechter SB, Genies MC .
Strategies for sustaining high-quality pediatric asthma care in community hospitals.
Health Serv Res 2022 Feb;57(1):125-36. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.13870..
Keywords:
Children/Adolescents, Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Chronic Conditions, Hospitals, Quality of Care
Andrews AL, Brinton DL, Simpson AN
A comparison of administrative claims-based risk predictors for pediatric asthma.
This retrospective cohort study used 2013-2014 MarketScan Medicaid data to compare administrative claims-based risk predictors of emergency department (ED) visits for pediatric asthma. The cohort included were children aged 2 to 17 years. Seven risk predictors were compared for 3-month subsequent ED visits/hospitalizations: 3-month rolling asthma medication ratio (AMR), Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS) criteria, revised HEDIS criteria, quarterly short-acting β-agonist (SABA) claims, prior ED visit, prior hospitalization, and prior ED visit or hospitalization. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value (PPV and NPV), and percentage of population identified as high risk were compared for each risk predictor utilization the McNemar test. Cohort total population was 214,452 children with a mean age of 7.8 years. HEDIS and revised HEDIS identified prohibitively large cohorts as high-risk (67% and 48%). For the remaining measures, the NPV range was 97% to 99%, indicating high performance at identifying patients who would not benefit from intervention using AMR and SABA count. Superior sensitivities were found for ED visit and ED/hospitalization measures compared with pharmacy claims-based measures.
AHRQ-funded; HS026783.
Citation:
Andrews AL, Brinton DL, Simpson AN .
A comparison of administrative claims-based risk predictors for pediatric asthma.
Am J Manag Care 2021 Dec;27(12):533-37. doi: 10.37765/ajmc.2021.88792..
Keywords:
Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Chronic Conditions, Risk
Parikh K, Hall M, Kaiser SV
Development of a health disparities index: proof of concept with chest radiography in asthma.
The objective of this study was to develop a tool for quantifying health disparity (Health Disparity Index[HDI]) and explore hospital variation measured by this index using chest radiography (CXR) in asthma as the proof of concept. The investigators concluded that the HDI provided a practical measure of disparity. They suggested that to improve equity in healthcare, metrics are needed that are intuitive, accurate, usable, and actionable.
AHRQ-funded; HS016418.
Citation:
Parikh K, Hall M, Kaiser SV .
Development of a health disparities index: proof of concept with chest radiography in asthma.
J Pediatr 2021 Nov;238:290-95.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.07.022..
Keywords:
Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Disparities
Schechter S, Jaladanki S, Rodean J
Sustainability of paediatric asthma care quality in community hospitals after ending a national quality improvement collaborative.
Community hospitals, which care for most hospitalised children in the USA, may be vulnerable to declines in paediatric care quality when quality improvement (QI) initiatives end. In this study, the investigators aimed to evaluate changes in care quality in community hospitals after the end of the Pathways for Improving Paediatric Asthma Care (PIPA) national QI collaborative. The investigators concluded that the end of the paediatric asthma QI collaborative was associated with concerning declines in guideline adherence in community hospitals.
AHRQ-funded; HS027041.
Citation:
Schechter S, Jaladanki S, Rodean J .
Sustainability of paediatric asthma care quality in community hospitals after ending a national quality improvement collaborative.
BMJ Qual Saf 2021 Nov;30(11):876-83. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2020-012292..
Keywords:
Children/Adolescents, Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Hospitals, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care
Nair AA, Farber HJ, Chen H
Utilization of opioid versus non-opioid analgesics in Medicaid and CHIP enrolled children with current asthma.
Opioid analgesics are frequently dispensed in children despite its known risk in children with a compromised airway function. The objectives of the study were to assess the prevalence of opioid analgesic dispensing in children with current asthma and to identify patient and prescriber factors associated with the dispensing of opioid versus non-opioid analgesics. The investigators concluded that opioid analgesics are frequently dispensed to children with asthma. A higher dispensing rate was observed among non-Hispanic White children and among those with a history of uncontrolled asthma.
AHRQ-funded; HS026790.
Citation:
Nair AA, Farber HJ, Chen H .
Utilization of opioid versus non-opioid analgesics in Medicaid and CHIP enrolled children with current asthma.
Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2021 Nov;30(11):1520-31. doi: 10.1002/pds.5336..
Keywords:
Children/Adolescents, Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP), Opioids, Medication, Asthma, Respiratory Conditions
Rudin RA, Perez S, Rodriguez JA
User-centered design of a scalable, electronic health record-integrated remote symptom monitoring intervention for patients with asthma and providers in primary care.
The objective of this study was to determine user and electronic health records (EHR) integration requirements for a scalable remote symptom monitoring intervention for asthma patients and their providers. Using the NASSS framework to guide their user-centered design process, the investigators identified patient and provider requirements for scaling an EHR-integrated remote symptom monitoring intervention in primary care.
AHRQ-funded; HS026432.
Citation:
Rudin RA, Perez S, Rodriguez JA .
User-centered design of a scalable, electronic health record-integrated remote symptom monitoring intervention for patients with asthma and providers in primary care.
J Am Med Inform Assoc 2021 Oct 12;28(11):2433-44. doi: 10.1093/jamia/ocab157..
Keywords:
Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Primary Care
Parikh K, Richmond M, Lee M
Outcomes from a pilot patient-centered hospital-to-home transition program for children hospitalized with asthma.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate a multi-component hospital-to-home (H2H) transition program for children hospitalized with an asthma exacerbation. A pilot prospective randomized clinical trial of guideline-based asthma care with and without a patient-centered multi-component H2H program was conducted among children enrolled in K-8(th) grade on Medicaid hospitalized for an asthma exacerbation. The investigators concluded that the pilot data suggested that comprehensive care coordination initiated during the inpatient stay was feasible and acceptable.
AHRQ-funded; HS024554.
Citation:
Parikh K, Richmond M, Lee M .
Outcomes from a pilot patient-centered hospital-to-home transition program for children hospitalized with asthma.
J Asthma 2021 Oct;58(10):1384-94. doi: 10.1080/02770903.2020.1795877..
Keywords:
Children/Adolescents, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Transitions of Care, Asthma, Hospital Discharge, Care Coordination, Chronic Conditions
Hirayama A, Goto T, Faridi MK
Association of obstructive sleep apnea with all-cause readmissions after hospitalization for asthma exacerbation in adults aged 18-54 years: a population-based study, 2010-2013.
The authors sought to investigate associations between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and readmission risk after hospitalization for asthma exacerbation using data from State Inpatient Databases from seven U.S. states. They found that, overall, OSA was associated with a significantly higher incident rate of all-cause readmission. Additionally, OSA was associated with higher incident rates of readmissions for five major diseases: asthma, COPD, respiratory failure, pneumonia, and congestive heart failure, compared to non-OSA.
AHRQ-funded; HS023305.
Citation:
Hirayama A, Goto T, Faridi MK .
Association of obstructive sleep apnea with all-cause readmissions after hospitalization for asthma exacerbation in adults aged 18-54 years: a population-based study, 2010-2013.
J Asthma 2021 Sep;58(9):1176-85. doi: 10.1080/02770903.2020.1781887..
Keywords:
Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Sleep Apnea, Sleep Problems, Hospital Readmissions, Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Chronic Conditions
Curry CW, Felt D, Kan K
Asthma remission disparities among us youth by sexual identity and race/ethnicity, 2009-2017.
Researchers sought to examine adjusted odds of non-remitting asthma by sexual identity, race/ethnicity, and their intersections, along with their relationship with traditional non-remitting asthma risk factors and victimization. Using data from the Youth Risk Behavior Survey, they found that, at the intersections, 8 sexual minority and racial/ethnic minority subpopulations were significantly more likely to have non-remitting asthma compared with White heterosexual sex-matched peers. They concluded that the evidence suggests that traditional non-remitting asthma risk factors and victimization may partly explain disparities in non-remitting asthma.
AHRQ-funded; HS026385.
Citation:
Curry CW, Felt D, Kan K .
Asthma remission disparities among us youth by sexual identity and race/ethnicity, 2009-2017.
J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2021 Sep;9(9):3396-406. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2021.04.046..
Keywords:
Children/Adolescents, Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Chronic Conditions, Disparities
Joseph CLM, Alexander GL, Lu M
Pilot study of a brief provider and EMR-based intervention for overweight teens with asthma.
The authors piloted an electronic medical record-based tailored discussion guide (TDG) and a brief provider training to address weight management in overweight teens with asthma. They observed modest improvements in patient-reported asthma outcomes and health behaviors. They found strong evidence that the TDG supports provider discussion of weight and asthma to create a more patient-centered conversation from the perspective of participating teens. They recommended addressing challenges to recruitment and clinic adaptation prior to advancing to a full-scale trial.
AHRQ-funded; HS022417.
Citation:
Joseph CLM, Alexander GL, Lu M .
Pilot study of a brief provider and EMR-based intervention for overweight teens with asthma.
Pilot Feasibility Stud 2021 Aug 30;7(1):167. doi: 10.1186/s40814-021-00848-6..
Keywords:
Children/Adolescents, Obesity: Weight Management, Obesity, Asthma, Chronic Conditions, Respiratory Conditions, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT)
Piwnica-Worms K, Staiger B, Ross JS
Effects of forced disruption in Medicaid managed care on children with asthma.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a forced disruption to Medicaid managed care plans and provider networks on health utilization and outcomes for children with persistent asthma. The investigators concluded that while there was a decrease in the number of outpatient visits associated with forced disruption of Medicaid managed care plans for children with persistent asthma, there were no consistent associations with worse asthma quality performance or higher emergent health care utilization.
AHRQ-funded; HS022882; HS025164.
Citation:
Piwnica-Worms K, Staiger B, Ross JS .
Effects of forced disruption in Medicaid managed care on children with asthma.
Health Serv Res 2021 Aug;56(4):668-76. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.13643..
Keywords:
Children/Adolescents, Medicaid, Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Chronic Conditions, Quality of Care
Schechter SB, Pantell MS, Parikh K
Impact of a national quality collaborative on pediatric asthma care quality by insurance status.
The objective of this study was to assess whether disparities in asthma care and outcomes based on insurance type existed before a national quality improvement (QI) collaborative, and to determine the effects of the collaborative on these disparities. The investigators concluded that at baseline, children with public insurance had higher asthma health care utilization than those with private insurance, despite receiving more evidence-based care.
AHRQ-funded; HS026383; HS024554; HS024592.
Citation:
Schechter SB, Pantell MS, Parikh K .
Impact of a national quality collaborative on pediatric asthma care quality by insurance status.
Acad Pediatr 2021 Aug;21(6):1018-24. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2021.02.009..
Keywords:
Children/Adolescents, Asthma, Chronic Conditions, Disparities, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care, Health Insurance
Doshi H, Hsia B, Shahani J
Impact of technology-based interventions on patient-reported outcomes in asthma: a systematic review.
This systematic review’s goal was to identify which technology-based interventions (TBIs) for asthma management have been formally evaluated using patient-reported outcomes (PROs). The authors aimed to: 1) identify the TBIs that have been evaluated in clinical trials using PROs; 2) identify the most commonly used PROs in these trials; and 3) determine the impact of TBIs on PROs in the management of chronic asthma. PubMed and Clinicaltrials.gov databases were searched for English-language studies published between January 2000 and February 2020. The final analysis included 14 clinical trials with 1 to 3 arms. Five different TBI types were identified, most commonly involving multimedia education. Four different categories of PROs were identified. At least 1 PRO domain with positive outcomes were reported by patients in 12 of 14 studies.
AHRQ-funded; R18 HS025645.
Citation:
Doshi H, Hsia B, Shahani J .
Impact of technology-based interventions on patient-reported outcomes in asthma: a systematic review.
J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2021 Jun;9(6):2336-41. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2021.01.027..
Keywords:
Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Chronic Conditions, Telehealth, Health Information Technology (HIT)
Turi KN, Gebretsadik T, Ding T
Dose, timing, and spectrum of prenatal antibiotic exposure and risk of childhood asthma.
The potential for prenatal antibiotic exposure to influence asthma risk is not clear. The investigators aimed to determine the effect of timing, dose, and spectrum of prenatal antibiotic exposure on the risk of childhood asthma. The investigators concluded that increased cumulative dose, early pregnancy first course, and broad-spectrum antibiotic exposure were associated with childhood asthma risk.
AHRQ-funded; HS026395; HS018454.
Citation:
Turi KN, Gebretsadik T, Ding T .
Dose, timing, and spectrum of prenatal antibiotic exposure and risk of childhood asthma.
Clin Infect Dis 2021 Feb 1;72(3):455-62. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa085.
.
.
Keywords:
Children/Adolescents, Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Antibiotics, Medication, Risk
Fleischer DM, Chan ES, Venter C
A consensus approach to the primary prevention of food allergy through nutrition: guidance from the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology; American College of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology; and the Canadian Society for Allergy and Clinical
This paper provides a consensus approach to the primary prevention of pediatric food allergy through nutrition using data from a number of high-impact randomized controlled trials. Recommendations from the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, American College of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, and the Canadian Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology are to introduce peanut and egg around age 6 months, but not before 4 months as well as introducing other allergens. Maternal exclusion of allergens during pregnancy and/or breastfeeding to prevent food allergy is not recommended. No association was found between exclusive breast-feeding and the primary prevention of any specific food allergy.
AHRQ-funded; HS024599.
Citation:
Fleischer DM, Chan ES, Venter C .
A consensus approach to the primary prevention of food allergy through nutrition: guidance from the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology; American College of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology; and the Canadian Society for Allergy and Clinical
J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2021 Jan;9(1):22-43.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2020.11.002..
Keywords:
Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Prevention, Guidelines, Evidence-Based Practice
Harder VS, Shaw JS, McCulloch CE
Statewide asthma learning collaborative participation and asthma-related emergency department use.
This study looked at outcomes from participation of pediatric practices in a quality improvement (QI) collaborative to decrease asthma-related emergency department (ED) visits. A statewide network of practices participated in the collaborative from 2015 to 2016. Asthma-related ED visit rates per 100 child-years for children ages 3 to 21 was evaluated using the state’s all-payer claims databases. The authors found that in the postintervention year (2017) participating practices’ ED visit rate decreased by 5.8 per 100 child-years, compared to an increase of 1.8 per 100 child-years in non-participating practices. There were no statistically significant differences in asthma-related ED visit rates during 2016, which indicated that it took some time for QI elements to be successfully implemented in pediatric practices.
AHRQ-funded; HS025297.
Citation:
Harder VS, Shaw JS, McCulloch CE .
Statewide asthma learning collaborative participation and asthma-related emergency department use.
Pediatrics 2020 Dec;146(6):e20200213. doi: 10.1542/peds.2020-0213..
Keywords:
Children/Adolescents, Asthma, Emergency Department, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care, Primary Care, Guidelines
Cotter JM, Tyler A, Reese J
Steroid variability in pediatric inpatient asthmatics: survey on provider preferences of dexamethasone versus prednisone.
This study looked at pediatric emergency department (ED) inpatient use of dexamethasone versus prednisone by providers for asthma treatment. A survey was distributed to providers who care for inpatient asthmatics. Ninety-two providers completed the survey. When patients received dexamethasone in the ED, 44% continued dexamethasone, 14% switched to prednisone, 2% stopped steroid use, and 40% said it depended on the circumstances. Hospitalists were significantly more likely to continue dexamethasone than pulmonologists (61% versus 15%). Switching to prednisone included factors such as severity of exacerbation (73%) and asthma history (47%). Just over half of providers (5f1%) felt uncomfortable using dexamethasone because of “minimal data to support [its] use inpatient.”
AHRQ-funded; HS026512.
Citation:
Cotter JM, Tyler A, Reese J .
Steroid variability in pediatric inpatient asthmatics: survey on provider preferences of dexamethasone versus prednisone.
J Asthma 2020 Sep;57(9):942-48. doi: 10.1080/02770903.2019.1622713..
Keywords:
Children/Adolescents, Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Medication, Inpatient Care, Care Management, Hospitalization, Emergency Department, Practice Patterns, Provider: Physician, Provider
Greenhawt M, Shaker M
Keeping risk in context while rethinking the setting of asthma biologics in patient-centered care.
This perspective article discusses the benefits and risks of patients with severe asthma self-administering asthma biologics at home instead of at a physician’s office. While most biologics are now FDA-approved to be administered at home, many of them are also recommended by the FDA to be administered by a health care professional with post-injection monitoring due to the possibility of post-injection anaphylaxis. The authors argue that there can be more risk associated with getting into an automobile accident on the way to or from the clinic or office. Given the current circumstances with limited patient visit hours due to COVID-19 it is even more important that patients can administer the biologic themselves.
AHRQ-funded; K08 HS024599.
Citation:
Greenhawt M, Shaker M .
Keeping risk in context while rethinking the setting of asthma biologics in patient-centered care.
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2020 Aug;125(2):124-25. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2020.05.029..
Keywords:
Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Home Healthcare, Medication, Patient-Centered Healthcare
Kaiser SV, Johnson MD, Walls TA
Pathways to improve pediatric asthma care: a multisite, national study of emergency department asthma pathway implementation.
This quality improvement study’s aim was to determine the effects of pediatric asthma pathway implementation in a diverse, national sample of emergency departments (EDs). Desired outcomes included systemic corticosteroid administration within 60 minutes (primary), assessment of severity at ED triage, chest radiograph use, hospital admission or transfer for higher level of care, and ED length of stay. Charts were reviewed each month by EDs for children ages 2-17 years with a primary diagnosis of asthma. A total of 83 EDs were enrolled, with 37 of them children’s hospitals, and 46 community hospitals. Seventy-three percent completed the study (n = 22,963). There was a significant increase in systematic corticosteroid administration within 60 minutes of arrival as well as increased odds of severity assessment at triage and decreased rate of change in odds of hospital admission/transfer. Chest radiograph or ED length of stay was not associated with pathway implementation.
AHRQ-funded; HS024592.
Citation:
Kaiser SV, Johnson MD, Walls TA .
Pathways to improve pediatric asthma care: a multisite, national study of emergency department asthma pathway implementation.
J Pediatr 2020 Aug;223:100-07.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.02.080..
Keywords:
Children/Adolescents, Emergency Department, Asthma, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care, Care Management, Healthcare Delivery, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice, Outcomes
Kaiser SV, Lam Cabana, MD
Best practices in implementing inpatient pediatric asthma pathways: a qualitative study.
The objective of this study was to identify potential best practices in pathway implementation. Building upon a previous observational study in which the researchers identified higher and lower performing children's hospitals based on hospital-level changes in asthma patient length of stay after implementation of a pathway, they conducted semi-structured interviews with a sample of healthcare providers involved in pathway implementation at these hospitals. They identified several potential best practices to support pathway implementation. They recommended that hospitals implementing pathways consider applying these strategies to ensure success in improving quality of asthma care for children.
AHRQ-funded; HS024592.
Citation:
Kaiser SV, Lam Cabana, MD .
Best practices in implementing inpatient pediatric asthma pathways: a qualitative study.
J Asthma 2020 Jul;57(7):744-54. doi: 10.1080/02770903.2019.1606237..
Keywords:
Children/Adolescents, Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Hospitals, Inpatient Care, Guidelines, Evidence-Based Practice, Implementation, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care
Kaiser SV, Jennings B, Rodean J
Pathways for improving inpatient pediatric asthma care (PIPA): a multicenter, national study.
This study examined whether implementation of a pathway strategy for inpatient pediatric asthma patients improve outcomes for these patients. Outcomes measured included length of stay (LOS), early administration of metered-dose inhalers, screening for secondhand tobacco exposure and referral to cessation resources, and 7-day hospital readmissions or emergency revisits. Eighty-five hospitals were enrolled and 68 completed the study with (n=12,013) admissions. Pathways were associated with increases in early administration of metered-dose inhalers, and referral to smoking cessation resources, but no statistically significant changes in the other outcomes were observed. Most hospitals did improve in at least one outcome.
AHRQ-funded; HS024592; HS024554.
Citation:
Kaiser SV, Jennings B, Rodean J .
Pathways for improving inpatient pediatric asthma care (PIPA): a multicenter, national study.
Pediatrics 2020 Jun;145(6):e20193026. doi: 10.1542/peds.2019-3026..
Keywords:
Children/Adolescents, Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Inpatient Care, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Hospitalization, Care Management
Johnson MD, Zorc JJ, Nelson DS
Intravenous magnesium in asthma pharmacotherapy: variability in use in the PECARN Registry.
Researchers examined the use, efficacy, and safety of intravenous magnesium sulfate (IVMg) in children with asthma whose emergency department (ED) management is recorded in the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) Registry. They found that, in PECARN Registry EDs, administration of IVMg occurred late in ED treatment, for a minority of the children likely to benefit, with variation between sites, which suggested the current clinical role for IVMg in preventing hospitalization was limited. Discharge after IVMg administration would likely be safe. They recommended further research to assess the efficacy and safety of early IVMg administration.
AHRQ-funded; HS020270.
Citation:
Johnson MD, Zorc JJ, Nelson DS .
Intravenous magnesium in asthma pharmacotherapy: variability in use in the PECARN Registry.
J Pediatr 2020 May;220:165-74.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.01.062..
Keywords:
Children/Adolescents, Asthma, Medication, Emergency Department, Registries, Treatments, Patient Safety, Medication: Safety
Donovan BM, Abreo A, Ding T
Dose, timing, and type of infant antibiotic use and the risk of childhood asthma.
This study examined the association between dose, timing and type of infant antibiotic use and the risk of childhood asthma. The study examined a cohort of 152,622 children enrolled in the Tennessee Medicaid Program. At least 79% had at least one antibiotic prescription fill during infancy. There was a 20% increase in odds of childhood asthma for each additional antibiotic filled. There was no significant association between timing, formulation, anaerobic coverage and class of antibiotics and childhood asthma. However, broad spectrum antibiotic fills increased the odds of development of childhood asthma compared to narrow spectrum only fills.
AHRQ-funded; HS018454.
Citation:
Donovan BM, Abreo A, Ding T .
Dose, timing, and type of infant antibiotic use and the risk of childhood asthma.
Clin Infect Dis 2020 Apr 10;70(8):1658-65. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciz448..
Keywords:
Newborns/Infants, Children/Adolescents, Antibiotics, Medication, Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Risk, Chronic Conditions
Cushing AM, Bucholz E, Michelson KA
Trends in regionalization of emergency care for common pediatric conditions.
This study examined trends in regionalization of emergency care for common pediatric conditions. The authors sought to determine how the likelihood of definitive care has changed for 3 common conditions: asthma, croup, and gastroenteritis. They used the National Emergency Department Sample Database to study children from 2008 to 2016 who presented to emergency departments with those primary diagnoses, excluding critically ill patients. Researchers conducted analyses by stratification of annual emergency department pediatric volume categorized by quartiles. Referral rates increased for all conditions in all volume quartiles, with referral rates greatest in the lowest pediatric volume quartile.
AHRQ-funded; HS026503.
Citation:
Cushing AM, Bucholz E, Michelson KA .
Trends in regionalization of emergency care for common pediatric conditions.
Pediatrics 2020 Apr;145(4). doi: 10.1542/peds.2019-2989..
Keywords:
Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Children/Adolescents, Emergency Department, Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Digestive Disease and Health, Healthcare Delivery
