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- Antibiotics (1)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 15 of 15 Research Studies DisplayedTracer H, Haselby C
AHRQ Author: Tracer H
Hormone therapy for the primary prevention of chronic conditions in postmenopausal people.
This case study described a 50-year-old woman whose last menstrual cycle was more than a year previous. Case study questions related to the USPSTF recommendation on hormone therapy addressed whether this patient would benefit from hormone therapy to prevent the onset of chronic conditions that become more common after menopause.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Tracer H, Haselby C .
Hormone therapy for the primary prevention of chronic conditions in postmenopausal people.
Am Fam Physician 2023 Jun; 107(6):645-46..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Guidelines, Evidence-Based Practice, Prevention, Chronic Conditions, Women
Fareed N, Swoboda C, Singh P
Developing and testing an integrated patient mHealth and provider dashboard application system for type 2 diabetes management among Medicaid-enrolled pregnant individuals based on a user-centered approach: mixed-methods study.
The objective of this study was to develop user specifications for a tailored and integrated technology, patient application (mHealth) and provider dashboard, that provides a complete view of Medicaid-enrolled patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) during pregnancy and to develop prototypes based on users’ needs. Participating patients and providers stated a core set of expectations for the mHealth and dashboard applications. Participants then provided feedback to improve these applications. The authors concluded that digital health tools could transform health care among Medicaid-enrolled patients with T2D during pregnancy, with the goal of managing their blood glucose levels. Refining the stated needs and preferences of patients and providers to develop applications holds potential for tackling complicated health care issues.
AHRQ-funded; HS028822.
Citation: Fareed N, Swoboda C, Singh P .
Developing and testing an integrated patient mHealth and provider dashboard application system for type 2 diabetes management among Medicaid-enrolled pregnant individuals based on a user-centered approach: mixed-methods study.
Digit Health 2023 Jan-Dec; 9:20552076221144181. doi: 10.1177/20552076221144181..
Keywords: Patient-Centered Healthcare, Telehealth, Diabetes, Pregnancy, Chronic Conditions, Women, Health Information Technology (HIT)
Gartlehner G, Patel SV, Reddy S
Hormone therapy for the primary prevention of chronic conditions in postmenopausal persons: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
This US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation is an updated evidence report and systematic review on the use of hormone therapy in postmenopausal persons for the primary prevention of chronic conditions. The reviewers included 20 trials (N = 39,145) and 3 cohort studies (N = 1,155,410) from a dual review of abstracts, full-text articles, and study quality. Harms and benefits were compared for participants using estrogen only compared with estrogen plus progestin. Participants using estrogen only compared with placebo had significantly lower risks for diabetes and fractures, but increased for gallbladder disease over 7.1 years, stroke over 7.2 years, venous thromboembolism over 7.2 years and urinary incontinence over 1 year. For participants using estrogen plus progestin some benefits were found, but there was also an increased risk of harms significantly for invasive breast cancer, gallbladder disease, venous thromboembolism, probable dementia, and urinary incontinence.
AHRQ-funded; 75Q80120D00007.
Citation: Gartlehner G, Patel SV, Reddy S .
Hormone therapy for the primary prevention of chronic conditions in postmenopausal persons: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2022 Nov 1;328(17):1747-65. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.18324..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Prevention, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Chronic Conditions, Women
Snyder BM, Patterson MF, Gebretsadik T
Association between asthma status and prenatal antibiotic prescription fills among women in a Medicaid population.
The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between maternal asthma and outpatient prenatal antibiotic prescription fills to inform antibiotic stewardship. With data from the Tennessee Medicaid Program, findings showed that women with asthma had an increased risk of filling at least one prenatal antibiotic prescription and had an increased number of fills during pregnancy compared to women without asthma. These findings highlight that pregnant women with asthma disproportionately fill more antibiotic prescriptions during pregnancy.
AHRQ-funded; HS018454.
Citation: Snyder BM, Patterson MF, Gebretsadik T .
Association between asthma status and prenatal antibiotic prescription fills among women in a Medicaid population.
J Asthma 2022 Oct;59(10):2100-07. doi: 10.1080/02770903.2021.1993247..
Keywords: Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Pregnancy, Antibiotics, Antimicrobial Stewardship, Medication, Maternal Care, Women, Chronic Conditions
Clowse MEB, Eudy AM, Balevic S
Hydroxychloroquine in the pregnancies of women with lupus: a meta-analysis of individual participant data.
The purpose of this meta-analysis study was to identify the possible benefits and harms of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) use in lupus pregnancies. The researchers selected 7 datasets which met the inclusion criteria and compared pregnancy outcomes and lupus activity for pregnancies with a visit in the first trimester in women who did or did not take HCQ throughout pregnancy. The researchers evaluated 938 pregnancies in 804 women, and 668 pregnancies were included, representing one pregnancy per patient with a first trimester visit. Of those, 63% took HCQ throughout their pregnancy. The study reported those with HCQ had lower odds of highly active lupus than those without HCQ, but there was no difference in odds of pre-eclampsia, pre-term delivery or fetal loss. HCQ lowered the odds of preterm delivery in women with low lupus activity. The researchers concluded that among women who continue HCQ through pregnancy, there is a decrease in lupus activity, and no harm to pregnancy outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS023443.
Citation: Clowse MEB, Eudy AM, Balevic S .
Hydroxychloroquine in the pregnancies of women with lupus: a meta-analysis of individual participant data.
Lupus Sci Med 2022 Mar;9(1):e000651. doi: 10.1136/lupus-2021-000651..
Keywords: Medication, Pregnancy, Women, Chronic Conditions
Lopez-Olivo MA, des Bordes JKA, Lin H
Comparison of multimedia and printed patient education tools for patients with osteoporosis: a 6-month randomized controlled trial.
Researchers compared the efficacy of adding a multimedia patient education tool involving video modeling to a printed educational booklet on osteoporosis. Participants in the randomized controlled trial were post-menopausal women with osteoporosis. The researchers found that both multimedia and printed tools increased knowledge and decreased decisional conflict to the same extent, and neither of the educational materials proved to be better than the other. For women with limited health literacy, receiving the booklet alone was more effective in reducing decisional conflict after 6 months than the addition of the multimedia tool.
AHRQ-funded; HS019354.
Citation: Lopez-Olivo MA, des Bordes JKA, Lin H .
Comparison of multimedia and printed patient education tools for patients with osteoporosis: a 6-month randomized controlled trial.
Osteoporos Int 2020 May;31(5):857-66. doi: 10.1007/s00198-019-05210-4..
Keywords: Education: Patient and Caregiver, Osteoporosis, Chronic Conditions, Women
Rohner E, Butikofer L, Schmidlin K
Cervical cancer risk in women living with HIV across four continents: a multicohort study.
In this study, the investigators compared invasive cervical cancer (ICC) incidence rates in Europe, South Africa, Latin and North America among women living with HIV who initiated antiretroviral therapy (ART) between 1996 and 2014. The investigators concluded that improving access to early ART initiation and effective cervical cancer screening in women living with HIV should be key parts of global efforts to reduce cancer-related health inequities.
AHRQ-funded; 90047713.
Citation: Rohner E, Butikofer L, Schmidlin K .
Cervical cancer risk in women living with HIV across four continents: a multicohort study.
Int J Cancer 2020 Feb;146(3):601-09. doi: 10.1002/ijc.32260..
Keywords: Cancer: Cervical Cancer, Cancer, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Women, Medication, Chronic Conditions
Birru Talabi M, Cllowse MEB, Blalock SJ
Contraception use among reproductive-age women with rheumatic diseases.
The purpose of this study was to determine contraception use among a cohort of reproductive-age women with rheumatic diseases. Women who had one of 21 possible rheumatic disease diagnoses, and had at least two outpatient rheumatology visits, were included. Findings revealed low use of prescription contraception, and the authors recommended urgent efforts to improve contraceptive care and access for some women with rheumatic diseases.
AHRQ-funded; HS022989.
Citation: Birru Talabi M, Cllowse MEB, Blalock SJ .
Contraception use among reproductive-age women with rheumatic diseases.
Arthritis Care Res 2019 Aug;71(8):1132-40. doi: 10.1002/acr.23724..
Keywords: Arthritis, Chronic Conditions, Women, Sexual Health
Brown SD, Fotuhi O, Grijalva CS
A randomized study of values affirmation to promote interest in diabetes prevention among women with a history of gestational diabetes.
The purpose of this study was to test whether two interventions promote interest in diabetes prevention among women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus. The researchers designed an email outreach message incorporating ‘values affirmation,’ a theory-based intervention, and promoting an existing preventive lifestyle program. Selected patients were randomized to read an outreach message containing either no affirmation (control) or 1 of 2 affirmations. Results showed that participants randomized to the values affirmation more frequently demonstrated interest in the lifestyle program and sought information about diabetes prevention, while the parenting affirmation yielded no significant differences in either outcome.
AHRQ-funded; HS019367.
Citation: Brown SD, Fotuhi O, Grijalva CS .
A randomized study of values affirmation to promote interest in diabetes prevention among women with a history of gestational diabetes.
Med Care 2019 Jul;57(7):528-35. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000001133..
Keywords: Diabetes, Chronic Conditions, Pregnancy, Women, Health Promotion, Prevention, Lifestyle Changes
Clowse MEB, Eudy AM, Revels J
Provider perceptions on the management of lupus during pregnancy: barriers to improved care.
This paper discusses a focus group that was created of women with lupus who either were pregnant or were planning to get pregnant. Outcomes in women with lupus is bad for more than half of pregnancies for the mother or the fetus. The focus group’s objective was to discuss issues about pregnancy planning and management. Problems include ill-timed pregnancies, and medication non-adherence. Communication gaps between the rheumatologist and the obstetrician/gynecologist can result in confusion for the patient with optimal treatment plans.
AHRQ-funded; HS023443.
Citation: Clowse MEB, Eudy AM, Revels J .
Provider perceptions on the management of lupus during pregnancy: barriers to improved care.
Lupus 2019 Jan;28(1):86-93. doi: 10.1177/0961203318815594..
Keywords: Care Management, Chronic Conditions, Maternal Care, Pregnancy, Provider, Women
Dickens LT, Naylor RN
Clinical management of women with monogenic diabetes during pregnancy.
This study discusses clinical management of women with monogenic diabetes during pregnancy. Monogenic diabetes is rare and only accounts for 1-2% of all diabetes cases so it is frequently misdiagnoses as one of the other diabetes types. Diabetes treatment is different for this type of diabetes, and if untreated can cause fetal mutations. However, if treated there can be transplacental transfer of the medication (sulfonylurea). The study authors recommend large prospective studies be conducted to better define the need and timing of initiation of insulin treatment.
AHRQ-funded; HS023007.
Citation: Dickens LT, Naylor RN .
Clinical management of women with monogenic diabetes during pregnancy.
Curr Diab Rep 2018 Feb 15;18(3):12. doi: 10.1007/s11892-018-0982-8..
Keywords: Care Management, Chronic Conditions, Diabetes, Maternal Care, Pregnancy, Women
Gartlehner G, Patel SV, Feltner C
Hormone therapy for the primary prevention of chronic conditions in postmenopausal women: evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
This review updated evidence for the US Preventive Services Task Force on the benefits and harms of hormone therapy in reducing risks for chronic conditions. It concluded that hormone therapy for the primary prevention of chronic conditions in menopausal women is associated with some beneficial effects but also with a substantial increase of risks for harms. The available evidence regarding benefits and harms of early initiation of hormone therapy is inconclusive.
AHRQ-funded; 290201200015I.
Citation: Gartlehner G, Patel SV, Feltner C .
Hormone therapy for the primary prevention of chronic conditions in postmenopausal women: evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2017 Dec 12;318(22):2234-49. doi: 10.1001/jama.2017.16952.
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Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Prevention, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Women
Bateman BT, Huybrechts KF, Fischer MA
Chronic hypertension in pregnancy and the risk of congenital malformations: a cohort study.
The researchers sought to examine the effect of chronic hypertension on the risk of congenital malformations in a large cohort of pregnancies in Medicaid beneficiaries. In a cohort of 878,126 pregnancies, they found that both treated and untreated maternal chronic hypertension were associated with a similar 20-30 percent increase in the risk of congenital malformations in the infant after adjusting for confounding factors as compared with normotensive controls.
AHRQ-funded; HS018533.
Citation: Bateman BT, Huybrechts KF, Fischer MA .
Chronic hypertension in pregnancy and the risk of congenital malformations: a cohort study.
Am J Obstet Gynecol 2015 Mar;212(3):337.e1-14. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2014.09.031..
Keywords: Blood Pressure, Chronic Conditions, Pregnancy, Risk, Maternal Care, Women
Chao MT, Abercrombie PD, Nakagawa S
Prevalence and use of complementary health approaches among women with chronic pelvic pain in a prospective cohort study.
The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of and factors associated with use of complementary health approaches among women with chronic pelvic pain (CPP). It found that just over 51 percent of the women with CPP who used complementary health approaches had more optimal health-related quality of life, as measured by the Pelvic Problem Impact Questionnaire.
AHRQ-funded; HS011657; HS07373; HS09478.
Citation: Chao MT, Abercrombie PD, Nakagawa S .
Prevalence and use of complementary health approaches among women with chronic pelvic pain in a prospective cohort study.
Pain Med 2015 Feb;16(2):328-40. doi: 10.1111/pme.12585..
Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Women, Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Quality of Life
Matthews CA, Whitehead WE, Townsend MK
Risk factors for urinary, fecal, or dual incontinence in the Nurses' Health Study.
This study estimating the prevalence of urinary incontinence, fecal incontinence, and dual incontinence in a group of 64,396 women aged 62-87 years found that 38 percent had urinary incontinence alone, 4 percent had fecal incontinence alone, and 7 percent had dual incontinence. Dual incontinence was primarily associated with advanced age, decompensating medical conditions, depression, and multiparity.
AHRQ-funded; HS018695.
Citation: Matthews CA, Whitehead WE, Townsend MK .
Risk factors for urinary, fecal, or dual incontinence in the Nurses' Health Study.
Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Sep;122(3):539-45. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e31829efbff..
Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Elderly, Women