National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
201 to 225 of 456 Research Studies DisplayedCary MP, Prvu Bettger J, Jarvis JM
Successful community discharge following postacute rehabilitation for Medicare beneficiaries: analysis of a patient-centered quality measure.
The purpose of this study was to determine the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics as well as health services use associated with successful community discharge. The investigators retrospectively examined 167,664 Medicare beneficiaries discharged from inpatient rehabilitation facilities (IRFs) in 2013 to determine the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics as well as health services use associated with successful community discharge.
AHRQ-funded; HS022134.
Citation: Cary MP, Prvu Bettger J, Jarvis JM .
Successful community discharge following postacute rehabilitation for Medicare beneficiaries: analysis of a patient-centered quality measure.
Health Serv Res 2018 Aug;53(4):2470-82. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.12796..
Keywords: Elderly, Medicare, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Rehabilitation, Quality Indicators (QIs), Quality Measures
Jonassaint CR, Rao N, Sciuto A
Abstract animations for the communication and assessment of pain in adults: cross-sectional feasibility study.
The aim of this study was to develop and test Painimation, a novel tool that uses graphic visualizations and animations instead of words or numeric scales to assess pain quality, intensity, and course. The study concluded that using animations may be a faster and more patient-centered method for assessing pain and is not limited by age, literacy level, or language; however, more data are needed to assess the validity of this approach.
AHRQ-funded; HS022989.
Citation: Jonassaint CR, Rao N, Sciuto A .
Abstract animations for the communication and assessment of pain in adults: cross-sectional feasibility study.
J Med Internet Res 2018 Aug 3;20(8):e10056. doi: 10.2196/10056..
Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Communication, Pain, Patient-Centered Healthcare
Olfson M, Crystal S, Wall M
Causes of death after nonfatal opioid overdose.
The purpose of this study was to describe all-cause mortality rates, selected cause-specific mortality rates, and standardized mortality rate ratios (SMRs) of adults during their first year after nonfatal opioid overdose. In a US national cohort of adults who had experienced a nonfatal opioid overdose, a marked excess of deaths was attributable to a wide range of substance use-associated, mental health, and medical conditions, underscoring the importance of closely coordinating the substance use, mental health, and medical care of this patient population.
AHRQ-funded; HS021112.
Citation: Olfson M, Crystal S, Wall M .
Causes of death after nonfatal opioid overdose.
JAMA Psychiatry 2018 Aug;75(8):820-27. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.1471..
Keywords: Behavioral Health, Mortality, Opioids, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Substance Abuse
Nocon RS, Gunter KE, Gao Y
Development and validation of a short-form safety net medical home scale.
The purpose of this study was to develop a short-form Safety Net Medical Home Scale (SNMHS) for assessing patient-centered medical home (PCMH) capability in safety net clinics. The investigators found that short-form versions of SNMHS showed strong correlations with full scale and may be useful for brief assessment of safety net PCMH capability. They suggested that each short-form SNMHS version may be appropriate for different research, quality improvement, and assessment purposes.
AHRQ-funded; HS000084.
Citation: Nocon RS, Gunter KE, Gao Y .
Development and validation of a short-form safety net medical home scale.
Health Serv Res 2018 Aug;53 Suppl 1:3207-26. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.12809..
Keywords: Ambulatory Care and Surgery, Patient-Centered Healthcare
Adrian M, Lyon AR, Nicodimos S
Enhanced "train and hope" for scalable, cost-effective professional development in youth suicide prevention.
This study examined the impact of a 6-hr continuing education training, and the effect of a post-training reminder system, on mental health practitioners' knowledge, attitudes, and behavior surrounding suicide assessment and intervention. All practitioners, involved in the study, demonstrated increase in suicide assessment knowledge and attitudes for engaging in suicide risk assessments from pre- to posttest, and gains were maintained at the 3-month follow-up. The use of e-mail reminders was not associated with any additional changes.
AHRQ-funded; HS022982.
Citation: Adrian M, Lyon AR, Nicodimos S .
Enhanced "train and hope" for scalable, cost-effective professional development in youth suicide prevention.
Crisis 2018 Jul;39(4):235-46. doi: 10.1027/0227-5910/a000489..
Keywords: Education: Continuing Medical Education, Behavioral Health, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Prevention, Training
Harris VC, Links AR, Kim JM
Follow-up and time to treatment in an urban cohort of children with sleep-disordered breathing.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate follow-up and timing of sleep-disordered breathing diagnosis and treatment in urban children referred from primary care. Researchers found that half of the children referred for sleep-disordered breathing evaluation are lost to follow-up from primary care. Obstructive sleep apnea severity did not predict follow-up or timeliness of treatment. They conclude that these findings suggest social determinants may pose barriers to care in addition to the clinical burden of sleep-disordered breathing.
AHRQ-funded; HS022932.
Citation: Harris VC, Links AR, Kim JM .
Follow-up and time to treatment in an urban cohort of children with sleep-disordered breathing.
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2018 Aug;159(2):371-78. doi: 10.1177/0194599818772035..
Keywords: Access to Care, Children/Adolescents, Disparities, Healthcare Delivery, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Quality of Care, Respiratory Conditions, Sleep Problems, Urban Health
Kim HS, Strickland KJ, Mullen KA
Physical therapy in the emergency department: a new opportunity for collaborative care.
In this paper, the authors reviewed emergency department-initiated physical therapy (ED PT), an emerging resource in the United States. They conclude that both physicians and patients view ED PT services favorably, and that ED PT is associated with the improvement of several important clinical and operational outcomes. They also suggest that hospital systems interested in building their own ED PT program may benefit from the key steps outlined herein.
AHRQ-funded; HS023011.
Citation: Kim HS, Strickland KJ, Mullen KA .
Physical therapy in the emergency department: a new opportunity for collaborative care.
Am J Emerg Med 2018 Aug;36(8):1492-96. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2018.05.053..
Keywords: Emergency Department, Patient-Centered Healthcare
Eriksson CO, Ovregaard N, Hansen M
Reliability and usability of a 7-minute chart review tool to identify pediatric prehospital adverse safety events.
As part of a multiphase study, the authors developed and evaluated the reliability and usability of the pediatric prehospital safety event detection system (PEDS), a tool used to identify safety events in prehospital care. They concluded that the PEDS tool is the first chart review tool designed to identify safety events for children receiving prehospital care, and it displayed good usability and reliability in their study.
AHRQ-funded; HS022981.
Citation: Eriksson CO, Ovregaard N, Hansen M .
Reliability and usability of a 7-minute chart review tool to identify pediatric prehospital adverse safety events.
Hosp Pediatr 2018 Aug;8(8):494-98. doi: 10.1542/hpeds.2017-0155..
Keywords: Adverse Events, Children/Adolescents, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient Safety, Tools & Toolkits
Brunwasser SM, Freres DR, Gillham JE
Youth cognitive-behavioral depression prevention: testing theory in a randomized controlled trial.
This study tested the plausibility of a theoretical model of change for the Penn Resiliency Program (PRP), a cognitive-behavioral (CB) depression prevention program for adolescents. The authors assert that when effective, PRP's CB training provides incremental value over non-specific components and there are indirect effects on depressive symptoms through improvements in explanatory style.
AHRQ-funded; HS022990.
Citation: Brunwasser SM, Freres DR, Gillham JE .
Youth cognitive-behavioral depression prevention: testing theory in a randomized controlled trial.
Cognit Ther Res 2018 Aug;42(4):468-82..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Behavioral Health, Depression, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Prevention
Badawy SM, Cronin RM, Hankins J
Patient-centered eHealth Interventions for children, adolescents, and adults with sickle cell disease: systematic review.
In this study, researchers systematically evaluated the most recent evidence in the literature to (1) review the different types of technological tools used for self-management of sickle cell disease, (2) discover and describe what self-management activities these tools were used for, and (3) assess the efficacy of these technologies in self-management. They concluded that despite the promising feasibility and acceptability of eHealth interventions in improving self-management of sickle cell disease, the evidence overall is modest.
AHRQ-funded; HS023011.
Citation: Badawy SM, Cronin RM, Hankins J .
Patient-centered eHealth Interventions for children, adolescents, and adults with sickle cell disease: systematic review.
J Med Internet Res 2018 Jul 19;20(7):e10940. doi: 10.2196/10940..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Health Information Technology (HIT), Patient-Centered Healthcare, Sickle Cell Disease, Telehealth
Walsh KE, Marsolo KA, Davis C
Accuracy of the medication list in the electronic health record-implications for care, research, and improvement.
Electronic medication lists may be useful in clinical decision support and research, but their accuracy is not well described. The aim of this study was to assess the completeness of the medication list compared to the clinical narrative in the electronic health record. The study found that there was a range in the accuracy of the medication list compared to the clinical narrative.
AHRQ-funded; HS022974.
Citation: Walsh KE, Marsolo KA, Davis C .
Accuracy of the medication list in the electronic health record-implications for care, research, and improvement.
J Am Med Inform Assoc 2018 Jul;25(7):909-12. doi: 10.1093/jamia/ocy027..
Keywords: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Quality of Care, Medication, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient Safety
Walsh KE, Marsolo KA, Davis C
Accuracy of the medication list in the electronic health record-implications for care, research, and improvement.
Electronic medication lists may be useful in clinical decision support and research, but their accuracy is not well described. The aim of this study was to assess the completeness of the medication list compared to the clinical narrative in the electronic health record. The study found that there was a range in the accuracy of the medication list compared to the clinical narrative.
AHRQ-funded; HS022974.
Citation: Walsh KE, Marsolo KA, Davis C .
Accuracy of the medication list in the electronic health record-implications for care, research, and improvement.
J Am Med Inform Assoc 2018 Jul;25(7):909-12. doi: 10.1093/jamia/ocy027..
Keywords: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Quality of Care, Medication, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient Safety
Howard J, Miller WL, Willard-Grace R
Creating and sustaining care teams in primary care: perspectives from innovative patient-centered medical homes.
The purpose of this study was to learn from the experiences of innovative primary care practices that have successfully developed care teams. The authors assert that team-based care is possible and valuable in primary care but that it is difficult to develop and sustain, and requires dedicated time and resources. They suggest that the challenges described by the highly motivated practices, in their paper, raised the question of feasibility for more average practices in the current funding environment.
AHRQ-funded.
Citation: Howard J, Miller WL, Willard-Grace R .
Creating and sustaining care teams in primary care: perspectives from innovative patient-centered medical homes.
Qual Manag Health Care 2018 Jul/Sep;27(3):123-29. doi: 10.1097/qmh.0000000000000176..
Keywords: Primary Care, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Teams, Healthcare Delivery
Martinez M, Thomas KC, Williams CS
Family experiences with the diagnosis of autism spectrum Disorder: system barriers and facilitators of efficient diagnosis.
This paper examines family experiences with the efficiency of Autism Spectrum Disorder diagnosis. Screening, travel distance, and delay in diagnosis were associated with shifting diagnoses and being told child did not have ASD. Physician and parent training in communication and addressing mental health professional shortages and maldistribution may improve the diagnosis experiences of families of children with ASD.
AHRQ-funded; HS000032.
Citation: Martinez M, Thomas KC, Williams CS .
Family experiences with the diagnosis of autism spectrum Disorder: system barriers and facilitators of efficient diagnosis.
J Autism Dev Disord 2018 Jul;48(7):2368-78. doi: 10.1007/s10803-018-3493-1..
Keywords: Autism, Children/Adolescents, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient Experience
Hoff T, DePuccio M
Medical home implementation gaps for seniors: perceptions and experiences of primary care medical practices.
The study objective was to better understand specific implementation gaps for various aspects of patient-centered medical home (PCMH) care delivered to seniors. The study illuminates the physician and staff experience by focusing on how individuals make sense of and respond behaviorally to aspects of PCMH implementation.
AHRQ-funded; HS020931.
Citation: Hoff T, DePuccio M .
Medical home implementation gaps for seniors: perceptions and experiences of primary care medical practices.
J Appl Gerontol 2018 Jul;37(7):817-39. doi: 10.1177/0733464816637850..
Keywords: Elderly, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Primary Care
Wong C, Fagan B, Leland NE
Occupational therapy practitioners' perspectives on occupation-based interventions for clients with hip fracture.
This study identified perspectives of 18 occupational therapy practitioners on integrating occupation-based interventions during postacute care (PAC) rehabilitation for persons with hip fracture to identify occupational therapy's distinct contribution. The study concluded that identifying practitioners' perspectives on integrating occupation into rehabilitation may inform strategies to facilitate occupation-based interventions in PAC and define occupational therapy's role in this setting.
AHRQ-funded; HS022907.
Citation: Wong C, Fagan B, Leland NE .
Occupational therapy practitioners' perspectives on occupation-based interventions for clients with hip fracture.
Am J Occup Ther 2018 Jul/Aug;72(4):7204205050p1-50p7. doi: 10.5014/ajot.2018.026492..
Keywords: Injuries and Wounds, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Rehabilitation
Ivey SL, Shortell SM, Rodriguez HP
Patient engagement in ACO practices and patient-reported outcomes among adults with co-occurring chronic disease and mental health conditions.
The purpose of this study was to assess the extent to which practices with patient-centered cultures, greater shared decision-making strategies, and better coordination among team members have better patient-reported outcomes for patients with diabetes and/or cardiovascular and comorbid mental health diagnoses. The study concluded that Accountable Care Organization patients with comorbid physical and mental health diagnoses report better physical functioning when practices have patient-centered cultures.
AHRQ-funded; HS024075.
Citation: Ivey SL, Shortell SM, Rodriguez HP .
Patient engagement in ACO practices and patient-reported outcomes among adults with co-occurring chronic disease and mental health conditions.
Med Care 2018 Jul;56(7):551-56. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000000927..
Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Behavioral Health, Patient and Family Engagement, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Al Danaf J, Chang BH, Shaear M
Surfacing and addressing hospitalized patients' needs: proactive nurse rounding as a tool.
This paper reported on rounding interventions employed at high performing hospitals, and provided three case studies on how proactive nurse rounding was successfully implemented to improve patient-centredness. The investigators concluded that proactive rounding interventions are a feasible approach to help surface and address hospitalized patients' needs in a timely manner.
AHRQ-funded; HS021921.
Citation: Al Danaf J, Chang BH, Shaear M .
Surfacing and addressing hospitalized patients' needs: proactive nurse rounding as a tool.
J Nurs Manag 2018 Jul;26(5):540-47. doi: 10.1111/jonm.12580..
Keywords: Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), Hospitalization, Hospitals, Inpatient Care, Nursing, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient Experience, Quality Improvement
Annis AM, Harris M, Kim HM
Trends in primary care encounters across professional roles in PCMH.
Evaluation measures of team-based care models are often reported at a clinic or primary care provider (PCP) level, creating challenges in describing and analyzing the use and impact of non-PCP clinician team members. This study aimed to measure clinician-specific care delivery trends and determine whether trends were responsive to system wide patient centered medical home implementation.
AHRQ-funded;
Citation: Annis AM, Harris M, Kim HM .
Trends in primary care encounters across professional roles in PCMH.
Am J Manag Care 2018 Jul;24(7):e222-e29..
Keywords: Healthcare Delivery, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Primary Care, Teams
Nystrom DT, Singh H, Baldwin J
Methods for patient-centered interface design of test result display in online portals.
However, current patient portals are not designed in a patient-centered way and little is known on how best to harness patients' information needs to inform user-centered interface design of portals. The researchers designed a patient-facing laboratory test result interface prototype based on requirement elicitation research and used a mixed-methods approach to evaluate this interface.
AHRQ-funded; HS023602.
Citation: Nystrom DT, Singh H, Baldwin J .
Methods for patient-centered interface design of test result display in online portals.
eGEMS 2018 Jun 26;6(1):15. doi: 10.5334/egems.255..
Keywords: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Patient-Centered Healthcare, System Design, Web-Based
Chou AF, Homco JB, Nagykaldi Z
Disseminating, implementing, and evaluating patient-centered outcomes to improve cardiovascular care using a stepped-wedge design: healthy hearts for Oklahoma.
The Healthy Hearts for Oklahoma (H2O) Study proposes to build a quality improvement (QI) infrastructure by (1) constructing a sustainable Oklahoma Primary Healthcare Improvement Collaborative (OPHIC) to support dissemination and implementation (D&I) of QI methods; and (2) providing QI support in primary care practices to better manage patients at risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) events. H2O has 263 small primary care practices across Oklahoma that receive the bundled QI intervention to improve ABCS (aspirin therapy, blood pressure control, cholesterol management, and smoking cessation) performance. The infrastructure established as a result of this funding will help reach medically underserved Oklahomans, particularly among rural and tribal populations.
AHRQ-funded; HS023919.
Citation: Chou AF, Homco JB, Nagykaldi Z .
Disseminating, implementing, and evaluating patient-centered outcomes to improve cardiovascular care using a stepped-wedge design: healthy hearts for Oklahoma.
BMC Health Serv Res 2018 Jun 4;18(1):404. doi: 10.1186/s12913-018-3189-4.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Communication, Heart Disease and Health, Healthcare Delivery, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Primary Care, Prevention, Quality of Care, Quality Improvement
Mullins CD, Wingate LT, Edwards HA
Transitioning from learning healthcare systems to learning health care communities.
The learning healthcare system (LHS) model framework has three core, foundational components. These include an infrastructure for health-related data capture, care improvement targets and a supportive policy environment. This paper discusses transitioning from learning healthcare systems to learning healthcare communities.
AHRQ-funded; HS022135.
Citation: Mullins CD, Wingate LT, Edwards HA .
Transitioning from learning healthcare systems to learning health care communities.
J Comp Eff Res 2018 Jun;7(6):603-14. doi: 10.2217/cer-2017-0105..
Keywords: Community-Based Practice, Healthcare Delivery, Learning Health Systems, Patient-Centered Healthcare
Attanasio LB, Kozhimannil KB, Kjerulff KH
Factors influencing women's perceptions of shared decision making during labor and delivery: results from a large-scale cohort study of first childbirth.
The researchers examined correlates of shared decision making during labor and delivery. They found that women who were black and who did not have a college degree or private insurance were less likely to report high shared decision making, as well as women who underwent labor induction, instrumental vaginal or cesarean delivery.
AHRQ-funded; HS024215.
Citation: Attanasio LB, Kozhimannil KB, Kjerulff KH .
Factors influencing women's perceptions of shared decision making during labor and delivery: results from a large-scale cohort study of first childbirth.
Patient Educ Couns 2018 Jun;101(6):1130-36. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2018.01.002.
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Keywords: Decision Making, Disparities, Labor and Delivery, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Social Determinants of Health
Aysola J, Schapira MM, Huo H
Organizational processes and patient experiences in the patient-centered medical home.
The objective of this study was to examine associations between organizational processes that practices adopt to become patient-centered medical home (PCMH) and patient experiences with care. The researchers concluded that although some organizational processes related to patients' experiences with care irrespective of the background of the patient, further efforts are needed to align practice efforts with patient experience.
AHRQ-funded; HS021706.
Citation: Aysola J, Schapira MM, Huo H .
Organizational processes and patient experiences in the patient-centered medical home.
Med Care 2018 Jun;56(6):497-504. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000000910.
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Keywords: Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient Experience, Primary Care: Models of Care, Primary Care
Greenzang KA, Dauti A, Mack JW
Parent perspectives on information about late effects of childhood cancer treatment and their role in initial treatment decision making.
The authors’ objective was to explore how parents of children with cancer consider late effects in initial treatment decision making and during active cancer treatment. Through interviews, they found that parents desire detailed information about late effects to make informed treatment decisions and to prepare for the future. Despite the role of late effects in treatment decision making, some parents feel that late effects are either inadequately addressed or too overwhelming to process at diagnosis. They suggested that parents may benefit from early assessment of their information needs and a return to these issues over time.
AHRQ-funded; HS022986.
Citation: Greenzang KA, Dauti A, Mack JW .
Parent perspectives on information about late effects of childhood cancer treatment and their role in initial treatment decision making.
Pediatr Blood Cancer 2018 Jun;65(6):e26978. doi: 10.1002/pbc.26978.
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Keywords: Cancer, Children/Adolescents, Decision Making, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Patient-Centered Healthcare