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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
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1 to 5 of 5 Research Studies DisplayedDrucker AM, Adam GP, Rofeberg V
Treatments of primary basal cell carcinoma of the skin: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the comparative effectiveness and safety of treatments of primary basal cell carcinoma (BCC) in adults. The investigators concluded that surgical treatments and external-beam radiation have low recurrence rates for the treatment of low-risk BCC, but substantial uncertainty exists about their comparative effectiveness versus other treatments. Gaps remain regarding high-risk BCC subtypes and important outcomes, including costs.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500002I.
Citation: Drucker AM, Adam GP, Rofeberg V .
Treatments of primary basal cell carcinoma of the skin: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
Ann Intern Med 2018 Oct 2;169(7):456-66. doi: 10.7326/m18-0678.
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Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Cancer: Skin Cancer, Treatments
Tyson MD, Koyama T, Lee D
Effect of prostate cancer severity on functional outcomes after localized treatment: comparative effectiveness analysis of surgery and radiation study results.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether differences in predicted function over time between radical prostatectomy (RP) or external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) for localized cancer varied by risk group. Patient-reported, disease-specific function was measured using the Expanded Prostate Index Composite and predicted function was estimated using regression models, compared by disease risk. The study found that sexual function was similar between surgery and radiation for patients with high-risk disease, and the authors conclude that high-risk patients undergoing radiation therapy should be counseled that their sexual function may not be as good as low-risk patients also undergoing radiation.
AHRQ-funded; HS019356; HS022640.
Citation: Tyson MD, Koyama T, Lee D .
Effect of prostate cancer severity on functional outcomes after localized treatment: comparative effectiveness analysis of surgery and radiation study results.
Eur Urol 2018 Jul;74(1):26-33. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2018.02.012..
Keywords: Cancer: Prostate Cancer, Cancer, Comparative Effectiveness, Treatments, Surgery, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Evidence-Based Practice
Goode AP, Coeytaux RR, Maslow GR
Nonpharmacologic treatments for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review.
The authors assessed the comparative effectiveness of non-pharmacologic treatments for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among individuals 17 years of age and younger. Non-pharmacologic treatments they identified included neurofeedback, cognitive training, cognitive behavioral therapy, child or parent training, dietary omega fatty acid supplementation, and herbal and/or dietary approaches. They identified no new guidance regarding the comparative effectiveness of non-pharmacologic treatments, concluding that, despite wide use, there are significant gaps in knowledge regarding the effectiveness of ADHD non-pharmacologic treatments.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500004I.
Citation: Goode AP, Coeytaux RR, Maslow GR .
Nonpharmacologic treatments for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review.
Pediatrics 2018 Jun;141(6). doi: 10.1542/peds.2018-0094.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Behavioral Health, Comparative Effectiveness, Treatments, Evidence-Based Practice
Skrivankova V, Heagerty PJ
Single index methods for evaluation of marker-guided treatment rules based on multivariate marker panels.
Answering the scientific challenge to identify and validate the factors that can reliably be used to target treatment and to quantify the expected treatment benefit as a function of candidate markers, the authors of this article propose to focus on a smooth, non-parametric evaluation of a canonical single-index score that estimates the expected treatment benefit associated with patient characteristics. Their methods decouple the model used to generate the treatment benefit score from the methods adopted in order to evaluate the performance of the resulting single-index score. They also demonstrate that the canonical single-index treatment benefit score can be used for selecting subsets of patients with enriched expected treatment response.
AHRQ-funded; HS019222.
Citation: Skrivankova V, Heagerty PJ .
Single index methods for evaluation of marker-guided treatment rules based on multivariate marker panels.
Biometrics 2018 Jun;74(2):663-72. doi: 10.1111/biom.12752..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Shared Decision Making, Outcomes, Treatments
Semenkovich TR, Panni RZ, Hudson JL
Comparative effectiveness of upfront esophagectomy versus induction chemoradiation in clinical stage T2N0 esophageal cancer: a decision analysis.
This study examined comparative effectiveness and survival rates for upfront esophagectomy versus induction chemoradiation in patients with clinical stage T2N20 esophageal cancer. A decision analysis model was created for the two treatment strategies. Results showed comparable median survival rates for both strategies. The optimal treatment strategy depended on the accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound staging.
AHRQ-funded; HS022330.
Citation: Semenkovich TR, Panni RZ, Hudson JL .
Comparative effectiveness of upfront esophagectomy versus induction chemoradiation in clinical stage T2N0 esophageal cancer: a decision analysis.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018 May;155(5):2221-30.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2018.01.006..
Keywords: Treatments, Cancer, Surgery, Comparative Effectiveness, Shared Decision Making, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Medication