National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
Latest available findings on quality of and access to health care
Data
- Data Infographics
- Data Visualizations
- Data Tools
- Data Innovations
- All-Payer Claims Database
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)
- Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS)
- AHRQ Quality Indicator Tools for Data Analytics
- State Snapshots
- United States Health Information Knowledgebase (USHIK)
- Data Sources Available from AHRQ
Search All Research Studies
AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Adverse Drug Events (ADE) (1)
- Adverse Events (1)
- Antibiotics (1)
- Asthma (1)
- Behavioral Health (1)
- Blood Clots (1)
- Blood Thinners (3)
- Cancer (1)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (3)
- Chronic Conditions (1)
- (-) Comparative Effectiveness (9)
- Dementia (1)
- Depression (1)
- Evidence-Based Practice (5)
- Heart Disease and Health (3)
- (-) Medication (9)
- Outcomes (3)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (8)
- Prevention (2)
- Respiratory Conditions (1)
- Shared Decision Making (1)
- Sleep Problems (1)
- Surgery (1)
- Treatments (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
Sign up: AHRQ Research Studies Email updates
Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 9 of 9 Research Studies DisplayedLowenstern A, Al-Khatib SM, Sharan L
Interventions for preventing thromboembolic events in patients with atrial fibrillation: a systematic review.
The purpose of this review was to compare the effectiveness of therapies to prevent thromboembolic events and bleeding complications in adults with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF). Two independent reviewers screened citations in order to identify comparative studies of treatments to prevent stroke in adults with nonvalvular AF who reported thromboembolic or bleeding complications, then abstracted data from 220 selected articles, assessed study quality and applicability, and rated the strength of evidence. The article concludes that available direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are at least as effective and safe as warfarin for patients with nonvalvular AF and had similar benefits across several patient subgroups.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500004I.
Citation: Lowenstern A, Al-Khatib SM, Sharan L .
Interventions for preventing thromboembolic events in patients with atrial fibrillation: a systematic review.
Ann Intern Med 2018 Dec 4;169(11):774-87. doi: 10.7326/m18-1523..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Heart Disease and Health, Blood Thinners, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Medication, Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice
Wilkinson ST, Kiselycznyk C, Banasr M
Serum and plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor and response in a randomized controlled trial of riluzole for treatment resistant depression.
In this paper, the authors report serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and plasma BDNF levels from a randomized controlled, adjunctive, sequential parallel comparison design trial of riluzole in major depressive disorder. The investigators noted that preliminary evidence suggested that lower baseline BDNF may be associated with better clinical response to riluzole.
AHRQ-funded; HS023000.
Citation: Wilkinson ST, Kiselycznyk C, Banasr M .
Serum and plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor and response in a randomized controlled trial of riluzole for treatment resistant depression.
J Affect Disord 2018 Dec 1;241:514-18. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.08.075..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Depression, Medication, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Mentias A, Shantha G, Chaudhury P
Assessment of outcomes of treatment with oral anticoagulants in patients with atrial fibrillation and multiple chronic conditions: a comparative effectiveness analysis.
The purpose of this retrospective comparative effectiveness analysis was to determine whether there are differences in efficacy and safety of dabigatran, rivaroxaban, and warfarin regarding stroke prevention and bleeding rates, respectively, in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) with multiple chronic conditions (MCC). The investigators concluded that oral anticoagulants were similarly effective in stroke prevention among patients with AF with MCC. However, the indicate that dabigatran and rivaroxaban use may be associated with lower rates of mortality in patients with MCC.
AHRQ-funded; HS023104.
Citation: Mentias A, Shantha G, Chaudhury P .
Assessment of outcomes of treatment with oral anticoagulants in patients with atrial fibrillation and multiple chronic conditions: a comparative effectiveness analysis.
JAMA Netw Open 2018 Sep 7;1(5):e182870. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.2870..
Keywords: Blood Thinners, Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Medication, Evidence-Based Practice, Comparative Effectiveness, Chronic Conditions
Semenkovich TR, Panni RZ, Hudson JL
Comparative effectiveness of upfront esophagectomy versus induction chemoradiation in clinical stage T2N0 esophageal cancer: a decision analysis.
This study examined comparative effectiveness and survival rates for upfront esophagectomy versus induction chemoradiation in patients with clinical stage T2N20 esophageal cancer. A decision analysis model was created for the two treatment strategies. Results showed comparable median survival rates for both strategies. The optimal treatment strategy depended on the accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound staging.
AHRQ-funded; HS022330.
Citation: Semenkovich TR, Panni RZ, Hudson JL .
Comparative effectiveness of upfront esophagectomy versus induction chemoradiation in clinical stage T2N0 esophageal cancer: a decision analysis.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018 May;155(5):2221-30.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2018.01.006..
Keywords: Treatments, Cancer, Surgery, Comparative Effectiveness, Shared Decision Making, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Medication
Wald-Dickler N, Holtom P, Spellberg B
Busting the myth of "static vs cidal": a systemic literature review.
This study compared the effectiveness of bactericidal antibiotics versus bacteriostatic agents. A systematic literature review was conducted of published, randomized, controlled trials that were comparison studies. Of the 56 identified trials published since 1985, 49 found no significant difference in effectiveness between the two types of antibiotics. Only 1 trial found the bactericidal agent was superior.
AHRQ-funded; HS025690.
Citation: Wald-Dickler N, Holtom P, Spellberg B .
Busting the myth of "static vs cidal": a systemic literature review.
Clin Infect Dis 2018 Apr 17;66(9):1470-74. doi: 10.1093/cid/cix1127..
Keywords: Antibiotics, Medication, Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice
Sobieraj DM, Weeda ER, Nguyen E
Association of inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting beta-agonists as controller and quick relief therapy with exacerbations and symptom control in persistent asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
The authors conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of single maintenance and reliever therapy (SMART) in patients with persistent asthma. They found that in patients with persistent asthma, the use of single maintenance and reliever therapy compared with inhaled corticosteroids as the controller therapy (with or without a long-acting beta-agonist) and short-acting beta-agonists as the relief therapy was associated with a lower risk of asthma exacerbations.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500012I.
Citation: Sobieraj DM, Weeda ER, Nguyen E .
Association of inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting beta-agonists as controller and quick relief therapy with exacerbations and symptom control in persistent asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
JAMA 2018 Apr 10;319(14):1485-96. doi: 10.1001/jama.2018.2769.
.
.
Keywords: Asthma, Comparative Effectiveness, Medication, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Respiratory Conditions
Wang SV, Huybrechts KF, Fischer MA
Generalized boosted modeling to identify subgroups where effect of dabigatran versus warfarin may differ: an observational cohort study of patients with atrial fibrillation.
The purpose of this study was to explore generalized boosted modeling (GBM) as a method for identifying subgroups with greater benefit or harm with dabigatran versus warfarin for treatment of atrial fibrillation. The investigators concluded that dabigatran's superiority to warfarin at prevention of thromboembolism may be greater in secondary than primary prevention. They indicated that in practice, secondary prevention patients are more often treated with warfarin.
AHRQ-funded; HS022193.
Citation: Wang SV, Huybrechts KF, Fischer MA .
Generalized boosted modeling to identify subgroups where effect of dabigatran versus warfarin may differ: an observational cohort study of patients with atrial fibrillation.
Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2018 Apr;27(4):383-90. doi: 10.1002/pds.4395..
Keywords: Blood Clots, Blood Thinners, Cardiovascular Conditions, Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice, Heart Disease and Health, Medication, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Prevention
Fink HA, Jutkowitz E, McCarten JR
Pharmacologic interventions to prevent cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment, and clinical Alzheimer-type dementia: a systematic review.
This review summarized current evidence on the efficacy and harms of pharmacologic interventions to prevent or delay cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or dementia in adults with normal cognition or MCI. It concluded that evidence does not support use of the studied pharmacologic treatments for cognitive protection in persons with normal cognition or MCI.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500008I.
Citation: Fink HA, Jutkowitz E, McCarten JR .
Pharmacologic interventions to prevent cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment, and clinical Alzheimer-type dementia: a systematic review.
Ann Intern Med 2018 Jan 2;168(1):39-51. doi: 10.7326/m17-1529.
.
.
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Dementia, Medication, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Prevention
Sylvia LG, Chang WC, Kamali M
Sleep disturbance may impact treatment outcome in bipolar disorder: a preliminary investigation in the context of a large comparative effectiveness trial.
The purpose of this paper is to explore the potential impact of poor sleep at baseline on outcomes in a randomized effectiveness trial of quetiapine and lithium. Sixty-three percent of patients had baseline sleep disturbance. Individuals with sleep disturbance had worse bipolar illness severity, greater severity of depression, mania, anxiety, irritability, and psychosis, were less likely to have sustained response, and had more necessary clinical adjustments.
AHRQ-funded; HS019371.
Citation: Sylvia LG, Chang WC, Kamali M .
Sleep disturbance may impact treatment outcome in bipolar disorder: a preliminary investigation in the context of a large comparative effectiveness trial.
J Affect Disord 2018 Jan 1;225:563-68. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.08.056.
.
.
Keywords: Medication, Comparative Effectiveness, Behavioral Health, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Sleep Problems