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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Adverse Drug Events (ADE) (1)
- Adverse Events (1)
- Blood Clots (1)
- Blood Thinners (3)
- (-) Cardiovascular Conditions (5)
- Comparative Effectiveness (1)
- COVID-19 (1)
- Elderly (1)
- Heart Disease and Health (3)
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- Opioids (1)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 5 of 5 Research Studies DisplayedVilla-Zapata L, Carhart BS, Horn JR
Serum potassium changes due to concomitant ACEI/ARB and spironolactone therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
The purpose of this study was to provide evidence of serum potassium changes in individuals taking angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and/or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) concomitantly with spironolactone compared to ACEI/ARB therapy alone. The investigators concluded that treatment with spironolactone in combination with ACEI/ARB therapy increases the mean serum potassium concentration by less than 0.20 mEq/L compared to ACEI/ARB therapy alone.
AHRQ-funded; HS025984.
Citation: Villa-Zapata L, Carhart BS, Horn JR .
Serum potassium changes due to concomitant ACEI/ARB and spironolactone therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Am J Health Syst Pharm 2021 Dec 9;78(24):2245-55. doi: 10.1093/ajhp/zxab215..
Keywords: Medication, Comparative Effectiveness, Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions
Vaughn VM, Yost M, Abshire C
Trends in venous thromboembolism anticoagulation in patients hospitalized with COVID-19.
This study’s objective was to characterize frequency, variation across hospitals, and change over time in VTE prophylaxis and treatment-dose anticoagulation in patients hospitalized for COVID-19, as well as the association of anticoagulation strategies with in-hospital and 60-day mortality. This cohort study used adults hospitalized with COVID-19 from 30 pseudorandom hospitals in Michigan from March 7, 2020, to June 17, 2020. Main outcomes measured were the effect of nonadherence and anticoagulation strategies on in-hospital and 60-day mortality. Of a total 1351 patients with COVID-19 with a median age of 64 years, 47.7% women and 48.9% Black, only 18 (1.3%) had a confirmed VTE, and 219 (16.2%) received treatment-dose anticoagulation. Use of treatment-dose anticoagulation without imaging ranged from 0% to 29% across hospitals and increased over time. Of 1127 patients who ever received anticoagulation, 392 missed 2 or more days of prophylaxis. Missed prophylaxis varied from 11% to 61% across hospitals and decreased markedly over time. VTE nonadherence was associated with higher 60-day (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.31) but not in-hospital mortality (aHR, 0.97). Receiving any dose of anticoagulation (vs no anticoagulation) was associated with lower in-hospital mortality (only prophylactic dose: aHR, 0.36; any treatment dose: aHR, 0.38). However, only the prophylactic dose of anticoagulation remained associated with lower mortality at 60 days (prophylactic dose: aHR, 0.71; treatment dose: aHR, 0.92).
AHRQ-funded; HS026530.
Citation: Vaughn VM, Yost M, Abshire C .
Trends in venous thromboembolism anticoagulation in patients hospitalized with COVID-19.
JAMA Netw Open 2021 Jun 1; 4(6):e2111788. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.11788..
Keywords: COVID-19, Blood Clots, Blood Thinners, Medication, Inpatient Care, Cardiovascular Conditions
Feng Y, Pai CW, Seiler K
Adverse outcomes associated with inappropriate direct oral anticoagulant starter pack prescription among patients with atrial fibrillation: a retrospective claims-based study.
This retrospective analysis investigated the risk for bleeding events with higher dosing of direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) in the first 1-3 weeks of treatment for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Findings showed that patients who received an inappropriate DOAC prescription were more likely to identify as Black. Rates of ED visits, hospitalizations, and deaths overall were numerically lower in patients with starter pack DOAC prescriptions. In contrast, rates of ED visits and hospitalizations related to significant bleeding were numerically higher in patients with starter pack DOAC prescriptions. Among patients with AF but without acute venous thromboembolism, those who received an inappropriate DOAC starter pack had numerically higher rates of severe bleeding leading to ED visits and hospitalizations compared to those prescribed an appropriate non-starter pack DOAC anticoagulant.
AHRQ-funded; HS026874.
Citation: Feng Y, Pai CW, Seiler K .
Adverse outcomes associated with inappropriate direct oral anticoagulant starter pack prescription among patients with atrial fibrillation: a retrospective claims-based study.
J Thromb Thrombolysis 2021 May;51(4):1144-49. doi: 10.1007/s11239-020-02358-3..
Keywords: Blood Thinners, Medication, Medication: Safety, Medical Errors, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions
Rhee TG, Kumar M, Ross JS
Age-related trajectories of cardiovascular risk and use of aspirin and statin among U.S. Adults Aged 50 or older, 2011-2018.
The purpose of this study was to examine age-related trajectories of cardiovascular risk and use of aspirin and statin among U.S. adults aged 50 or older. The investigators concluded that while adults aged ≥75 do not benefit from the use of aspirin to prevent the first CVD, many continue to take aspirin on a regular basis. In spite of the clear benefit of statin use to prevent a subsequent CVD event, many older adults in this risk category are not taking a statin.
AHRQ-funded; HS022882.
Citation: Rhee TG, Kumar M, Ross JS .
Age-related trajectories of cardiovascular risk and use of aspirin and statin among U.S. Adults Aged 50 or older, 2011-2018.
J Am Geriatr Soc 2021 May;69(5):1272-82. doi: 10.1111/jgs.17038..
Keywords: Elderly, Blood Thinners, Cardiovascular Conditions, Heart Disease and Health, Risk, Medication
Khodneva Y, Richman J, Kertesz S
Gender differences in association of prescription opioid use and mortality: a propensity-matched analysis from the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) prospective cohort.
Prescription opioids (PO) have been widely used for chronic non-cancer pain, with commensurate concerns for overdose. The long-term effect of these medications on non-overdose mortality in the general population remains poorly understood. This study's objective was to examine the association of prescription opioid use and mortality in a large cohort, accounting for gender differences and concurrent benzodiazepine use, and using propensity score matching.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Khodneva Y, Richman J, Kertesz S .
Gender differences in association of prescription opioid use and mortality: a propensity-matched analysis from the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) prospective cohort.
Subst Abus 2021;42(1):94-103. doi: 10.1080/08897077.2019.1702609..
Keywords: Stroke, Cardiovascular Conditions, Sex Factors, Opioids, Medication, Mortality