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Search All Research Studies
Topics
- Antibiotics (1)
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- Blood Thinners (1)
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- (-) Comparative Effectiveness (12)
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- Primary Care: Models of Care (1)
- Quality Improvement (2)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 12 of 12 Research Studies DisplayedCantor AG, Nelson HD, Pappas M
Telehealth for women's preventive services for reproductive health and intimate partner violence: a comparative effectiveness review.
This comparative effectiveness review was conducted on the effectiveness and harms of telehealth interventions for women's reproductive health and intimate partner violence (IPV) services. A literature search was conducted for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies of telehealth strategies for women's reproductive health and IPV versus usual care for the period July 2016 to May 2022. Eight RCTs, 1 nonrandomized trial, and 7 observational studies were included (7 studies of contraceptive care and 9 of IPV services). Telehealth services demonstrated similar care as usual care for contraceptive use, sexually transmitted infections, and pregnancy (low strength of evidence [SOE]). Evidence on abortion was insufficient. Outcomes were also similar between telehealth and usual care interventions to replace or supplement IPV services and comparators for repeat IPV, depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, fear of partner, coercive control, self-efficacy, and safety behaviors (low SOE). Telehealth barriers identified included limited internet access, digital literacy, technical challenges, and confidentiality concerns. Safety strategies increased telehealth use for IPV services. Evidence lacked on access, health equity, or harms.
AHRQ-funded; 75Q80120D00006.
Citation: Cantor AG, Nelson HD, Pappas M .
Telehealth for women's preventive services for reproductive health and intimate partner violence: a comparative effectiveness review.
J Gen Intern Med 2023 May; 38(7):1735-43. doi: 10.1007/s11606-023-08033-6..
Keywords: Telehealth, Health Information Technology (HIT), Women, Prevention, Domestic Violence, Evidence-Based Practice, Maternal Care, Sexual Health, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Comparative Effectiveness
Schroeder MC, Chapman CG, Chrischilles EA
Generating practice-based evidence in the use of guideline-recommended combination therapy for secondary prevention of acute myocardial infarction.
This study’s goal was to determine if variation in real-world practice of guideline-recommended combination therapy for secondary prevention of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) reflects poor quality-of-care or a balance of outcome tradeoffs among patients. Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries hospitalized 2007-2008 for AMI were included. Treatment within 30-days post-discharge was grouped into one of eight possible combinations for the three drug classes: beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin-receptor blockers, and statins. Outcomes looked at included one-year overall survival, one-year cardiovascular-event-free survival, and 90-day adverse events. Results were found that each drug combination was observed in the final sample (N = 124,695), with 35.7% having all three, and 13.5% having none. There were both treatment benefits and harms in patients with AMIs with higher rates of guideline-recommended treatment.
AHRQ-funded; HS018381.
Citation: Schroeder MC, Chapman CG, Chrischilles EA .
Generating practice-based evidence in the use of guideline-recommended combination therapy for secondary prevention of acute myocardial infarction.
Pharmacy 2022 Nov 3;10(6). doi: 10.3390/pharmacy10060147..
Keywords: Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Prevention
Brajcic BC, Ko CY, Liu JB
A NSQIP-based randomized clinical trial evaluating choice of prophylactic antibiotics for pancreaticoduodenectomy.
This paper describes the protocol for an upcoming multicenter randomized surgical trial to evaluate choice of prophylactic antibiotics for pancreaticoduodenectomy. The rationale and methodology of the trial evaluating piperacillin-tazobactam compared to cefoxitin for surgical site infection prevention is described. The study will utilize a clinical registry for data collection.
AHRQ-funded; HS000078.
Citation: Brajcic BC, Ko CY, Liu JB .
A NSQIP-based randomized clinical trial evaluating choice of prophylactic antibiotics for pancreaticoduodenectomy.
J Surg Oncol 2021 May;123(6):1387-94. doi: 10.1002/jso.26402..
Keywords: Cancer, Antibiotics, Medication, Prevention, Surgery, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice
Chatterjee P, Williams MD, Coppin JD
Effectiveness of copper-impregnated solid surfaces on lowering microbial bio-burden levels in an acute care hospital.
This study examined whether using novel coper-impregnated solid materials on high-touch surfaces in patient rooms lowered bacterial contamination which may lead to health care-associated infections in acute care hospitals. Sixteen rooms were installed with copper-impregnated surfaces and were compared to standard noncopper laminate surfaces in 16 rooms over a 3-day period. Samples were taken 3 times per day. A lower level of microbial contamination was found in copper-impregnated solid surfaces as compared to standard surfaces.
AHRQ-funded; HS025598.
Citation: Chatterjee P, Williams MD, Coppin JD .
Effectiveness of copper-impregnated solid surfaces on lowering microbial bio-burden levels in an acute care hospital.
Open Forum Infect Dis 2020 Aug;7(8). doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofaa238..
Keywords: Patient Safety, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Infectious Diseases, Hospitals, Comparative Effectiveness, Prevention, Evidence-Based Practice
Persell SD, Liss DT, Walunas TL
Effects of 2 forms of practice facilitation on cardiovascular prevention in primary care: a practice-randomized, comparative effectiveness trial.
Effective quality improvement (QI) strategies are needed for small practices. The objective of this study was to compare practice facilitation implementing point-of-care (POC) QI strategies alone versus facilitation implementing point-of-care plus population management (POC+PM) strategies on preventive cardiovascular care. The investigators concluded that facilitator-led QI promoting population management approaches plus POC improvement strategies was not clearly superior to POC strategies alone.
AHRQ-funded; HS023921.
Citation: Persell SD, Liss DT, Walunas TL .
Effects of 2 forms of practice facilitation on cardiovascular prevention in primary care: a practice-randomized, comparative effectiveness trial.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Prevention, Primary Care: Models of Care, Primary Care, Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care, Care Management, Healthcare Delivery
Oh ES, Needham DM, Nikooie R
Antipsychotics for preventing delirium in hospitalized adults: a systematic review.
The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review evaluating the benefits and harms of antipsychotics to treat delirium in adults. Results showed that there was little evidence demonstrating neurologic harms associated with short-term use of antipsychotics for treating delirium in adult inpatients, but potentially harmful cardiac effects tended to occur more frequently. Current evidence does not support routine use of haloperidol or second-generation antipsychotics to treat delirium in adult inpatients.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500006I.
Citation: Oh ES, Needham DM, Nikooie R .
Antipsychotics for preventing delirium in hospitalized adults: a systematic review.
Ann Intern Med 2019 Oct 1;171(7):474-84. doi: 10.7326/m19-1859..
Keywords: Neurological Disorders, Medication, Hospitalization, Inpatient Care, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Evidence-Based Practice, Comparative Effectiveness, Behavioral Health, Prevention
Wheatley LM, Wood R, Nadeau K
Mind the gaps: clinical trial concepts to address unanswered questions in aeroallergen immunotherapy-an NIAID/AHRQ workshop.
A joint AHRQ and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAAD) workshop was held to develop trial concepts that could improve the use and effectiveness of aeroallergen immunotherapy (AAIT). Four different expert groups were formed to propose different study designs. These study designs would create clinical trials of long duration and would need highly characterized patient populations.
AHRQ-funded; 290200710061I.
Citation: Wheatley LM, Wood R, Nadeau K .
Mind the gaps: clinical trial concepts to address unanswered questions in aeroallergen immunotherapy-an NIAID/AHRQ workshop.
J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019 May;143(5):1711-26. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.01.032..
Keywords: Asthma, Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice, Prevention, Research Methodologies, Respiratory Conditions
Ciolino JD, Jackson KL, Liss DT
Design of Healthy Hearts in the Heartland (H3): a practice-randomized, comparative effectiveness study.
The Healthy Hearts in the Heartland (H3) study is part of a nationwide effort, EvidenceNOW, seeking to better understand the ability of small primary care practices to improve "ABCS" clinical quality measures: appropriate Aspirin therapy, Blood pressure control, Cholesterol management, and Smoking cessation. In this paper, the authors describe the design and randomization of the H3 study.
AHRQ-funded; HS023921.
Citation: Ciolino JD, Jackson KL, Liss DT .
Design of Healthy Hearts in the Heartland (H3): a practice-randomized, comparative effectiveness study.
Contemp Clin Trials 2018 Aug;71:47-54. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2018.06.004..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice, Heart Disease and Health, Prevention, Primary Care, Quality of Care, Quality Improvement, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Wu P, Escobar GJ, Gebretsadik T
Effectiveness of respiratory syncytial virus immunoprophylaxis in reducing bronchiolitis hospitalizations among high-risk infants.
This retrospective cohort study examined the effectiveness of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) prophylaxis for infants born between 1996 and 2008. The infants were enrolled in the Kaiser Permanente Northern California integrated health system. Infants who ever received RSV immunoprophylaxis had a 32% decreased risk of bronchiolitis hospitalization and finants with chronic lung disease (CLD) had a 52% decreased risk. The 2014 American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) guidelines changed recommendations for RSV immunoprophylaxis which made 48% of infants no longer eligible but nearly all infants with CLD would remain eligible.
AHRQ-funded; HS018454.
Citation: Wu P, Escobar GJ, Gebretsadik T .
Effectiveness of respiratory syncytial virus immunoprophylaxis in reducing bronchiolitis hospitalizations among high-risk infants.
Am J Epidemiol 2018 Jul;187(7):1490-500. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwy008..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice, Hospitalization, Newborns/Infants, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Prevention, Respiratory Conditions, Risk
Wang SV, Huybrechts KF, Fischer MA
Generalized boosted modeling to identify subgroups where effect of dabigatran versus warfarin may differ: an observational cohort study of patients with atrial fibrillation.
The purpose of this study was to explore generalized boosted modeling (GBM) as a method for identifying subgroups with greater benefit or harm with dabigatran versus warfarin for treatment of atrial fibrillation. The investigators concluded that dabigatran's superiority to warfarin at prevention of thromboembolism may be greater in secondary than primary prevention. They indicated that in practice, secondary prevention patients are more often treated with warfarin.
AHRQ-funded; HS022193.
Citation: Wang SV, Huybrechts KF, Fischer MA .
Generalized boosted modeling to identify subgroups where effect of dabigatran versus warfarin may differ: an observational cohort study of patients with atrial fibrillation.
Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2018 Apr;27(4):383-90. doi: 10.1002/pds.4395..
Keywords: Blood Clots, Blood Thinners, Cardiovascular Conditions, Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice, Heart Disease and Health, Medication, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Prevention
Balk EM, Lichtenstein AH
Omega-3 fatty acids and cardiovascular disease: summary of the 2016 Agency of Healthcare Research and Quality evidence review.
The authors summarize the 2016 update of the 2004 Agency of Healthcare Research and Quality's evidence review of omega-3 fatty acids and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The overall findings for the effects of marine oil supplements on intermediate CVD outcomes remain largely unchanged. The strongest effect of marine oils is on triglyceride concentrations.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500002I.
Citation: Balk EM, Lichtenstein AH .
Omega-3 fatty acids and cardiovascular disease: summary of the 2016 Agency of Healthcare Research and Quality evidence review.
Nutrients 2017 Aug 11;9(8). doi: 10.3390/nu9080865.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Prevention
Shekelle PG, Newberry SJ, FitzGerald JD
Management of gout: a systematic review in support of an American College of Physicians clinical practice guideline.
The authors reviewed evidence about treatment of acute gout attacks, management of hyperuricemia to prevent attacks, and discontinuation of medications for chronic gout in adults. They concluded that colchicine, NSAIDs, and corticosteroids relieve pain in adults with acute gout. Urate-lowering therapy decreases serum urate levels and reduces risk for acute gout attacks.
AHRQ-funded; 290201200006I.
Citation: Shekelle PG, Newberry SJ, FitzGerald JD .
Management of gout: a systematic review in support of an American College of Physicians clinical practice guideline.
Ann Intern Med 2017 Jan 3;166(1):37-51. doi: 10.7326/m16-0461.
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Keywords: Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Prevention, Medication, Comparative Effectiveness