National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
26 to 50 of 420 Research Studies DisplayedKim KD, Funk RJ, Hou H
Association between care fragmentation and total spending after durable left ventricular device implant: a mediation analysis of health care-associated infections within a national Medicare-Society of Thoracic Surgeons INTERMACS linked dataset.
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between care fragmentation and total spending for durable left ventricular assisted device (LVAD) implant, and whether this relationship is mediated by infections. The researchers developed a measure of care fragmentation based on the number of shared medical professionals providing care to 4,987 Medicare beneficiaries undergoing LVAD implantation. The study found that the indirect effect of care fragmentation, through infections, was positive and statistically significant. The researchers concluded that higher care fragmentation associated with durable LVAD implantation is related with a greater incidence of infections and higher Medicare beneficiary payments.
AHRQ-funded; HS026003.
Citation: Kim KD, Funk RJ, Hou H .
Association between care fragmentation and total spending after durable left ventricular device implant: a mediation analysis of health care-associated infections within a national Medicare-Society of Thoracic Surgeons INTERMACS linked dataset.
Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2022 Sep;15(9):e008592. doi: 10.1161/circoutcomes.121.008592..
Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Healthcare Costs, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Medicare, Medical Devices, Healthcare Delivery
Morey DA, Rayo MF, Li M
From reactive to proactive safety: joint activity monitoring for infection prevention.
The authors explored Joint Activity Monitoring (JAM) as one key component of a proactive safety program within infection prevention. This paper described their strategies and challenges in developing this capability and discussed the implications for supporting a successful proactive safety implementation.
AHRQ-funded; HS027200.
Citation: Morey DA, Rayo MF, Li M .
From reactive to proactive safety: joint activity monitoring for infection prevention.
Proc Int Symp Hum Factors Ergon Healthc 2022 Sep; 11(1):48-52. doi: 10.1177/2327857922111009..
Keywords: Prevention, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Patient Safety
MacEwan SR, Beal EW, Gaughan AA
Perspectives of hospital leaders and staff on patient education for the prevention of healthcare-associated infections.
The purpose of this study was to contribute to evidence of standardized approaches to educate patients about how they can prevent infections. The researchers explored the perspectives of hospital leaders and staff across 18 hospitals about patient education for device-related healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) including catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) and central-line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs). A total of 471 interviews were conducted with key informants and analyzed to identify themes within the topic of preventing infection through patient education. The study found that the key informants identified CAUTI and CLABSI infection-prevention-specific patient education topics including: the necessity of hand hygiene, the importance of maintenance care, the risks of indwelling urinary catheters and central lines, and having the support to voice concerns. The study concluded that hospital leaders and staff identified patient education topics and ways to deliver the information that were important in the prevention of CAUTIs and CLABSIs, and can provide guidance on how patient education can be improved.
AHRQ-funded; HS024958.
Citation: MacEwan SR, Beal EW, Gaughan AA .
Perspectives of hospital leaders and staff on patient education for the prevention of healthcare-associated infections.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2022 Sep;43(9):1129-34. doi: 10.1017/ice.2021.271..
Keywords: Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Prevention, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI), Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
Schlick CJR, Huang R, Brajcich BC
Unbundling bundles: evaluating the association of individual colorectal surgical site infection reduction bundle elements on infection rates in a statewide collaborative.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of individual surgical site infection reduction bundle elements with infection rates. Focusing on patients who had elective colorectal resections at participating hospitals from 2016 to 2017, findings showed that bundle elements had varying association with infection reduction. Recommendations included implementation of colorectal surgical site infection reduction bundles in order to focus on the specific elements associated with low surgical site infections.
AHRQ-funded; HS024516.
Citation: Schlick CJR, Huang R, Brajcich BC .
Unbundling bundles: evaluating the association of individual colorectal surgical site infection reduction bundle elements on infection rates in a statewide collaborative.
Dis Colon Rectum 2022 Aug;65(8):1052-61. doi: 10.1097/dcr.0000000000002223..
Keywords: Surgery, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Quality Improvement, Quality of Care
Skube SJ, Hu Z, Simon GJ
Accelerating surgical site infection abstraction with a semi-automated machine-learning approach.
The purpose of this study was to test a supervised machine learning algorithm developed for testing surgical site infection (SSI) on performing semi-automated SSI abstraction, and to demonstrate that a semi-automated approach to health data abstraction provides a high level of accuracy and significant efficiencies. The researchers evaluated data from 6,188 patients in a 2011-2013 dataset and 5,132 patients in a 2015-2015 dataset. The study concluded that very good performance is achieved using the semi-automated machine learning-aided SSI abstraction, which also accelerates the abstraction process.
AHRQ-funded; HS024532.
Citation: Skube SJ, Hu Z, Simon GJ .
Accelerating surgical site infection abstraction with a semi-automated machine-learning approach.
Ann Surg 2022 Jul 1;276(1):180-85. doi: 10.1097/sla.0000000000004354..
Keywords: Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Surgery, Health Information Technology (HIT)
Huang J, Park GW, Jones RM
Efficacy of EPA-registered disinfectants against two human norovirus surrogates and Clostridioides difficile endospores.
This study’s goal was to determine the efficacy of a panel of nine EPA-registered disinfectants against two human norovirus (HuNoV) surrogates (feline calicivirus [FCV] and Tulane virus [TuV]) and Clostridioides difficile endospores. These products, five of which contained H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide) as the active ingredient, were tested against infectious FCV, TuV, and C. difficile endospores using two ASTM methods, a suspension and carrier test. Products containing hydrogen peroxide were the most efficacious. Of the five products containing hydrogen peroxide, no strong correlation was observed between disinfection efficacy and hydrogen peroxide concentration. Addition of 0.025% ferrous sulphate to 1% hydrogen peroxide solution improved efficacy against FCV, TuV and C. difficile.
AHRQ-funded; HS025987.
Citation: Huang J, Park GW, Jones RM .
Efficacy of EPA-registered disinfectants against two human norovirus surrogates and Clostridioides difficile endospores.
J Appl Microbiol 2022 Jun;132(6):4289-99. doi: 10.1111/jam.15524..
Keywords: Clostridium difficile Infections, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Prevention, Patient Safety
McAlearney AS, MacEwan SR, Gregory ME
Identifying management practices for promoting infection prevention: perspectives on strategic communication.
The purpose of this study was to better understand the topics and communication strategies used by hospital administrative and clinical leaders to facilitate healthcare-associated infection prevention. Between 2017 and 2019 the researchers interviewed 188 administrative and clinical leaders in 18 U.S. Hospitals and interviewed them about management practices used to promote the prevention of HAI, with a focus on strategic communications. The study found that information sharing regarding infection prevention focused on two main topics: facilitators of success and barriers to success. The researchers also reported that storytelling using examples of real events was useful. The study concluded that the findings provide useful information about how the strategic communication of HAI information can contribute to improvement and advance hospitals’ infection prevention plans and efforts.
AHRQ-funded; HS024958.
Citation: McAlearney AS, MacEwan SR, Gregory ME .
Identifying management practices for promoting infection prevention: perspectives on strategic communication.
Am J Infect Control 2022 Jun;50(6):593-97. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2021.11.025..
Keywords: Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI), Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI), Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Hospitals, Prevention, Communication
Hannum SM, Oladapo-Shittu O, Salinas AB
A task analysis of central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) surveillance in home infusion therapy.
This study’s objective was to describe barriers to, facilitators for, and suggested strategies for successful home infusion central line associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) surveillance. The authors conducted semi-structured interviews with team members involved in CLABSI surveillance at 5 large home infusion agencies to explore work systems used by members for home infusion. They analyzed 21 transcribed interviews qualitatively for themes. Eight steps for performing CLABSI surveillance were revealed. Major surveillance barriers identified included the need for training of the surveillance staff, lack of a standardized definition, inadequate information technology support, struggles communicating with hospitals, inadequate time, and insufficient clinician engagement and leadership support.
AHRQ-funded; HS027819.
Citation: Hannum SM, Oladapo-Shittu O, Salinas AB .
A task analysis of central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) surveillance in home infusion therapy.
Am J Infect Control 2022 May;50(5):555-62. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2022.01.008..
Keywords: Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI), Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Patient Safety, Sepsis
Makic MBF, Stevens KR, Gritz RM
AHRQ Author: Rodrick D
Dashboard design to identify and balance competing risk of multiple hospital-acquired conditions.
A national patient safety priority is hospital-acquired conditions (HACs) such as falls, hospital-acquired pressure injuries (HAPI), and catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs). Most HAC prevention interventions focus on each risk individually, and do not take into consideration how addressing one HAC independently can compete with other HACs and cause unintended consequences. The purpose of this proof-of-concept study was to design a framework to identify, evaluate, and quantify competing individual HAC interventions and the related risks of multiple HACs (MHACs), and design a dashboard to help guide provider decisions. The researchers focused on the how the removal of urinary catheters for reduction of CAUTI could unintentionally impact falls and HAPI. A database to quantify the competing risks of HACs was developed using data from five hospital systems; three of those hospitals tested the resulting predictive model dashboard developed by the researchers and provided feedback. Twenty-five clinicians participated in the qualitative interviews. The clinicians confirmed that a visual dashboard is useful for guiding their decision-making for MHAC risks, and preferred a red, green, yellow stoplight visual for understanding. The researchers also found that clinicians did not want mandatory alerts for tool integration into the electronic health record. The study concluded that additional research is needed to better understand multiple hospital acquired risks and methods for guiding provider decision-making.
AHRQ-authored; AHRQ-funded; 2332015000251.
Citation: Makic MBF, Stevens KR, Gritz RM .
Dashboard design to identify and balance competing risk of multiple hospital-acquired conditions.
Appl Clin Inform 2022 May;13(3):621-31. doi: 10.1055/s-0042-1749598..
Keywords: Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI), Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
McCleskey SG, Shek L, Grein J
Economic evaluation of quality improvement interventions to prevent catheter-associated urinary tract infections in the hospital setting: a systematic review.
This systematic review looked at economic evaluations of quality improvement (QI) interventions to reduce rates of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs). A literature review was conducted for conference abstracts and studies from January 2000 to October 2020. Dual reviewers assessed study design, effectiveness, costs and study quality for eligibility. The reviewers performed a cost-consequence analysis from the hospital perspective, estimating the incidence rate ratio and increment net cost/savings per hospital over 3 years for each eligible study. Fifteen unique economic evaluations were eligible, and 12 studies were amenable to standardization. QI interventions were associated with a 43% decline in infections and wide ranges of net costs relative to usual care.
AHRQ-funded; HS022644.
Citation: McCleskey SG, Shek L, Grein J .
Economic evaluation of quality improvement interventions to prevent catheter-associated urinary tract infections in the hospital setting: a systematic review.
BMJ Qual Saf 2022 Apr;31(4):308-21. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2021-013839..
Keywords: Quality Improvement, Quality of Care, Urinary Tract Infection (UTI), Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Hospitals, Healthcare Costs
Pienta MJ, Shore S, Watt TMF
Patient factors associated with left ventricular assist device infections: a scoping review.
This article is a scoping review that systematically summarized all existing studies examining patient-related factors associated with infections after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation. Studies published between January 2006 and February 2019 were used, with 31 studies meeting inclusion criteria. All included studies were observational, and 17 focused on driveline infections. Other factors most commonly studied included body composition (n = 8), diabetes and other comorbidities (n = 8), and psychosocial/socio-economic factors (n = 6). Studies were frequently single-center, and patient race and sex did not correlate with infection risk. There was also no consistent association noted between obesity, diabetes, or psychosocial/socio-economic factors and LVAD recipient infections. Two studies did report a significant association between malnutrition and hypoalbuminemia and post implant infections.
AHRQ-funded; HS026003.
Citation: Pienta MJ, Shore S, Watt TMF .
Patient factors associated with left ventricular assist device infections: a scoping review.
J Heart Lung Transplant 2022 Apr; 41(4):425-33. doi: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.011..
Keywords: Medical Devices, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions
Eisenberg MT, Block AM, Vopat ML
Rates of infection after ACL reconstruction in pediatric and adolescent patients: a MarketScan database study of 44,501 patients.
This study’s objective was to describe and analyze the rates of surgical site infections after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) surgery in pediatric patients. The Truven Health Analytics MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters database was used to access data for privately insured individuals aged 5 to 30 years old. ACL reconstruction operation records were accessed for operations performed from 2006 to 2018. The database identified 44,501 individuals up to 18 years old, and 63,495 individuals aged 18 to 30 years old that underwent arthroscopic ACL reconstruction. No differences in infection rates were found between the two groups. However, among patients younger than 18 years, patients below 15 years old had a significantly lower infection rate at 0.37% compared with adolescents 15 to 17 years old at 0.55%. Among young adults, males had a higher infection rate than females, while no differences were observed in the pediatric and adolescent population.
AHRQ-funded; HS019455.
Citation: Eisenberg MT, Block AM, Vopat ML .
Rates of infection after ACL reconstruction in pediatric and adolescent patients: a MarketScan database study of 44,501 patients.
J Pediatr Orthop 2022 Apr;42(4):e362-e66. doi: 10.1097/bpo.0000000000002080..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Surgery, Orthopedics, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Adverse Events, Injuries and Wounds
Cannon JL, Park GW, Anderson B
Hygienic monitoring in long-term care facilities using ATP, crAssphage, and human noroviruses to direct environmental surface cleaning.
Norovirus and C. difficile can be transmitted by contaminated environmental surfaces and are associated with diarrheal illnesses and deaths in long-term care (LTC) facilities. Hygienic monitoring tools such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence and indicators of fecal contamination can help to identify LTC facility surfaces with cleaning deficiencies. The researchers swabbed and tested high-touch surfaces in 11 LTC facilities for contamination by norovirus, a fecal indicator virus, crAssphage, and ATP. The study found that greater than 90% of surfaces tested positive for crAssphage or failed in their ATP scores. Norovirus contamination was not detected. Handrails, equipment controls, and patient beds were 4 times more likely than other surfaces or locations to have high levels of crAssphage. Patient bed handrails and tables and chairs in patient lounges had high levels of both ATP and crAssphage.
AHRQ-funded; HS025987.
Citation: Cannon JL, Park GW, Anderson B .
Hygienic monitoring in long-term care facilities using ATP, crAssphage, and human noroviruses to direct environmental surface cleaning.
Am J Infect Control 2022 Mar; 50(3):289-94. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2021.11.014..
Keywords: Nursing Homes, Long-Term Care, Prevention, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Clostridium difficile Infections
Cohen B, Sanabria E, Liu J
Predicting healthcare-associated infections, length of stay, and mortality with the nursing intensity of care index.
The purpose of this study was to develop, validate, and utilize a simulation model to predict healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), length of stay (LOS), and patient mortality, as well as evaluate whether the variation in incidence of HAIs was dependent upon the adequacy of unit staffing levels. The researchers analyzed data from all patients discharged from four different types of New York City hospitals within a single healthcare network between 2012-2016 (N=562,435). The researchers developed a simulation model to estimate the daily probability rates of 5 different HAIs, length of stay, and mortality, and modeled staffing adequacy based on nursing care supply (as indicated by total nurse staffing) and nursing care demand (indicated using the Nursing Intensity of Care Index.) The study results indicated that the model predictions were within 95% confidence intervals of the actual outcomes. The authors reported that the incidence of HAI was the highest when total nurse staffing (supply) was lowest and nursing care intensity (demand) was highest.
AHRQ-funded; HS024915.
Citation: Cohen B, Sanabria E, Liu J .
Predicting healthcare-associated infections, length of stay, and mortality with the nursing intensity of care index.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2022 Mar;43(3):298-305. doi: 10.1017/ice.2021.114..
Keywords: Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Provider: Nurse, Inpatient Care, Mortality
Boehme AK, Oka M, Cohen B
Readmission rates in stroke patients with and without infections: incidence and risk factors.
Investigators examined whether an infection acquired during the initial stroke admission contributed to increased risk of readmission and infection during readmission. Their a retrospective cohort study incorporated all adult ischemic stroke patients 2006-2016 from three New York City hospitals. They found that, among stroke patients, healthcare-associated infections and infections present on admission were predictors of readmission within 60 days and infection during readmission.
AHRQ-funded; HS024915.
Citation: Boehme AK, Oka M, Cohen B .
Readmission rates in stroke patients with and without infections: incidence and risk factors.
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2022 Jan;31(1):106172. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.106172..
Keywords: Stroke, Cardiovascular Conditions, Hospital Readmissions, Risk, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs)
Racila AM, O'Shea AMJ, Nair R
Using nasal povidone-iodine to prevent bloodstream infections and transmission of Staphylococcus aureus among haemodialysis
This article describes a planned study; the objective is to determine the clinical efficacy and effectiveness of a novel intervention using nasal povidone-iodine to prevent bloodstream infections among patients in hemodialysis units. Findings will be presented at international meetings, and the study team will publish findings in peer-reviewed journals, making each accepted peer-reviewed manuscript publicly available.
AHRQ-funded; HS026724.
Citation: Racila AM, O'Shea AMJ, Nair R .
Using nasal povidone-iodine to prevent bloodstream infections and transmission of Staphylococcus aureus among haemodialysis
BMJ Open 2021 Dec 3;11(12):e048830. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-048830..
Keywords: Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Kidney Disease and Health, Prevention
Ford WJH, Bundy DG, Oyeku S
Central venous catheter salvage in ambulatory central line-associated bloodstream infections.
In this study, researchers evaluated central venous catheters (CVCs) salvage in pediatric patients with ambulatory CLABSI and associated risk factors for treatment failure. They found that underlying diagnosis, CVC type, number of lumens, and absence of candidemia were associated with successful salvage. In patients with malignancy, neutropenia within 30 days before CLABSI was significantly associated with both attempted salvage and successful salvage.
AHRQ-funded; HS024432.
Citation: Ford WJH, Bundy DG, Oyeku S .
Central venous catheter salvage in ambulatory central line-associated bloodstream infections.
Pediatrics 2021 Dec 1;148(6). doi: 10.1542/peds.2020-042069..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI), Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs)
Pienta M, Shore S, Pagani FD
Rates and types of infections in left ventricular assist device recipients: a scoping review.
This scoping review examined rates and types of infections in left ventricular assist device (LVAD) recipients. A comprehensive literature search was done from January 2006 to February 2019. After screening 9680 titles and abstracts, 132 full text articles were included for data extraction. The most commonly studied LVAD-specific infections were driveline infections followed by pocket and pump or cannula infections. Driveline infection rates ranged from 5-56% within the first 6 months, 7-71% after the first year, and 7-65% at 2 years. Bloodstream infections were the most commonly studied LVAD-related infections with rates in the first month ranging from 2.6% to 10%, 13-20% within the first 6 months of implant, and 3-27% within 1 year of implant. Pocket infection incidence was reported in 20 studies with fairly low rates for all time periods. The authors found a substantial proportion of studies did not report according to Strengthening the Reporting of Observation Studies in Epidemiology guidelines, including demographic information of follow-up time. They also did not adhere to minimum reporting criteria and did not use standardized definitions of infections. This has implications for future investigations.
AHRQ-funded; HS026003.
Citation: Pienta M, Shore S, Pagani FD .
Rates and types of infections in left ventricular assist device recipients: a scoping review.
JTCVS Open 2021 Dec;8:405-11. doi: 10.1016/j.xjon.2021.08.005..
Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs)
Ernest EC, Hellar A, Varallo J
Reducing surgical site infections and mortality among obstetric surgical patients in Tanzania: a pre-evaluation and postevaluation of a multicomponent safe surgery intervention.
This study evaluated the impact of a multicomponent safe surgery intervention in Tanzania to reduce surgical site infection (SSI) rates and mortality after caesarean sections (CS). The authors used the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist (SSC) to measure WHO SSC utilization, SSI rates, and CS-related perioperative mortality rates (POMRs) before and 18 months after implementation. The SSC utilization rate for CS increased from 3.7% to 95.1%, which decreased the proportion of women with SSI after CS from 14% during baseline to 1%. CS-related POMR decreased by 38.5% after implementation of safe surgery interventions as well.
AHRQ-funded; HS024235.
Citation: Ernest EC, Hellar A, Varallo J .
Reducing surgical site infections and mortality among obstetric surgical patients in Tanzania: a pre-evaluation and postevaluation of a multicomponent safe surgery intervention.
BMJ Glob Health 2021 Dec;6(12). doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2021-006788..
Keywords: Maternal Care, Pregnancy, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Surgery, Injuries and Wounds, Adverse Events, Patient Safety
Alrawashdeh M, Rhee C, Hsu H
Assessment of federal value-based incentive programs and in-hospital Clostridioides difficile infection rates.
The authors sought to examine the association between value-based incentive program (VBIP) implementation and health care facility-onset Clostridioides difficile infection (HO-CDI) rates. Their study evaluated HO-CDI rates among adults hospitalized at acute-care hospitals from January 2013 to March 2019. They found that, in this study, VBIP implementation was associated with improvements in HO-CDI rates, independent of CDI testing method. They recommended that future research focus on elucidating the specific processes that contributed to improvement in HO-CDI rates to inform the design of future VBIP interventions.
AHRQ-funded; HS018414; HS025008.
Citation: Alrawashdeh M, Rhee C, Hsu H .
Assessment of federal value-based incentive programs and in-hospital Clostridioides difficile infection rates.
JAMA Netw Open 2021 Oct;4(10):e2132114. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.32114..
Keywords: Clostridium difficile Infections, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Quality of Care
Arntson E, Dimick JB, Nuliyalu U
Changes in hospital-acquired conditions and mortality associated with the hospital-acquired condition reduction program.
This study evaluated changes in Hospital-Acquired Conditions (HACs) and 30-day mortality after the announcement of the Centers for Medicare and Medicare Services’ Hospital-Acquired Condition Reduction Program (HACRP) in August 2013. The authors evaluated models to test for changes in HACs and 30-day mortality before and after the Affordable Care Act (ACA), and after the HACRP. Fee-for-service Medicare claims from 2009 to 2015 were used. The HAC rate declined after the ACA was passed and declined further after the HACRP announcement. However, 30-day mortality rates were unchanged.
AHRQ-funded; HS026244.
Citation: Arntson E, Dimick JB, Nuliyalu U .
Changes in hospital-acquired conditions and mortality associated with the hospital-acquired condition reduction program.
Ann Surg 2021 Oct 1;274(4):e301-e07. doi: 10.1097/sla.0000000000003641..
Keywords: Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Hospitals, Mortality, Medicare, Payment, Prevention, Patient Safety
Page B, Klompas M, Chan C
Surveillance for healthcare-associated infections: hospital-onset adult sepsis events versus current reportable conditions.
US hospitals are required by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services to publicly report central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs), catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs), Clostridioidesdiffficile, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia, and selected surgical site infections for benchmarking and pay-for-performance programs. In this study the investigators retrospectively assessed the overlap between HO-ASEs and reportable HAIs among adults hospitalized between June 2015-June 2018 in 3 hospitals.
AHRQ-funded; HS025008.
Citation: Page B, Klompas M, Chan C .
Surveillance for healthcare-associated infections: hospital-onset adult sepsis events versus current reportable conditions.
Clin Infect Dis 2021 Sep 15;73(6):1013-19. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciab217..
Keywords: Sepsis, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Hospitals, Clostridium difficile Infections, Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI), Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI)
Bucher BT, Yang M, Arndorfer J
Changes in the accuracy of administrative data for the detection of surgical site infections.
The authors performed a retrospective analysis of the changes in accuracy of International Classification of Diseases, Clinical Modification (ICD-CM) diagnosis codes for colectomy and hysterectomy surgical site infection surveillance. They found no significant change in the accuracy of these codes following the transition from ICD-CM ninth edition to tenth edition codes.
AHRQ-funded; HS025776.
Citation: Bucher BT, Yang M, Arndorfer J .
Changes in the accuracy of administrative data for the detection of surgical site infections.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2021 Sep;42(9):1128-30. doi: 10.1017/ice.2020.1346..
Keywords: Surgery, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Diagnostic Safety and Quality
Pakyz AL, Wang H, Ozcan YA
Leapfrog Hospital Safety Score, magnet designation, and healthcare-associated infections in United States hospitals.
The goal of this study was to determine whether Magnet designation and hospitals with better Leapfrog Hospital Safety Scores have fewer healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Findings showed that “A” hospitals performed better on clostridium difficile infection (CDI) but not methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bloodstream infections, while Magnet designation was associated with fewer than expected MRSA infections but more than expected CDIs. These mixed results show that hospital global assessments of safety and workplace quality differentially and imperfectly predict its level of HAIs.
AHRQ-funded; HS018578.
Citation: Pakyz AL, Wang H, Ozcan YA .
Leapfrog Hospital Safety Score, magnet designation, and healthcare-associated infections in United States hospitals.
J Patient Saf 2021 Sep 1;17(6):445-50. doi: 10.1097/pts.0000000000000378..
Keywords: Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Hospitals, Patient Safety
Bartsch SM, Wong KF, Mueller LE
Modeling interventions to reduce the spread of multidrug-resistant organisms between health care facilities in a region.
The objective of this study was to identify a group of target facilities and to assess which multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) intervention would be best to implement in the Shared Healthcare Intervention to Eliminate Life-threatening Dissemination of MDROs in Orange County, a large regional public health collaborative in Orange County, California. Findings suggested that decolonization would be the best strategy for the Shared Healthcare Intervention to Eliminate Life-threatening Dissemination of MDROs in Orange County.
AHRQ-funded; HS023317; HS028165.
Citation: Bartsch SM, Wong KF, Mueller LE .
Modeling interventions to reduce the spread of multidrug-resistant organisms between health care facilities in a region.
JAMA Netw Open 2021 Aug 2;4(8):e2119212. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.19212..
Keywords: Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Infectious Diseases, Public Health