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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 11 of 11 Research Studies DisplayedSenft N, Abrams J, Katz
eHealth activity among African American and white cancer survivors: a new application of theory.
eHealth is a promising resource for cancer survivors and may contribute to reducing racial disparities in cancer survivorship. This research applied the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) to examine eHealth activity among African American (AfAm) and White cancer survivors.
AHRQ-funded; HS022955.
Citation: Senft N, Abrams J, Katz .
eHealth activity among African American and white cancer survivors: a new application of theory.
Health Commun 2020 Mar;35(3):350-55. doi: 10.1080/10410236.2018.1563031..
Keywords: Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Cancer, Disparities, Health Status, Telehealth, Health Information Technology (HIT)
Papaleontiou M, Reyes-Gastelum D, Gay BL
Worry in thyroid cancer survivors with a favorable prognosis.
Researchers investigated cancer-related worry in thyroid cancer survivors with favorable prognosis. A diverse cohort of patients diagnosed with differentiated thyroid cancer, selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program registries were surveyed for two to four years after diagnosis. The researchers recommended that physicians be aware that worry is a major issue for thyroid cancer survivors with favorable prognosis. Efforts should be undertaken to alleviate worry, especially among vulnerable groups, including female patients, younger patients, those with lower education, and racial/ethnic minorities.
AHRQ-funded; HS024512.
Citation: Papaleontiou M, Reyes-Gastelum D, Gay BL .
Worry in thyroid cancer survivors with a favorable prognosis.
Thyroid 2019 Aug;29(8):1080-88. doi: 10.1089/thy.2019.0163..
Keywords: Cancer, Anxiety, Stress, Health Status
Mian HS, Wildes TM, Fiala MA
Development of a Medicare health outcomes survey deficit-accumulation frailty index and its application to older patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma.
JCO Clinical Cancer Informatics 2018; 2):1-13. doi: 10.1200/cci.18.00043.
This study’s objective was to develop a frailty index for older patients and apply it to a subset of patients newly diagnosed with multiple myeloma. The study used the Rockwood Accumulation of Deficits approach for the Medicare Health Outcomes Study (MHOS). Data from over 2 million patients without cancer older than 66 years of age from SEER-MHOS linked databases were compared to the cohort with multiple myeloma. It was found that among patients without cancer, each 10% increase in the frailty index was associated with a 40% increased risk of death. For the multiple myeloma cohort, each 10% increase in the frailty index was associated with a 16% increased risk for death. Median time for overall survival was only 26.8 months for patients considered frail, compared with 43.7 months for those who were not. This frailty index could be used a predictor of overall survival in older multiple myeloma patients.
This study’s objective was to develop a frailty index for older patients and apply it to a subset of patients newly diagnosed with multiple myeloma. The study used the Rockwood Accumulation of Deficits approach for the Medicare Health Outcomes Study (MHOS). Data from over 2 million patients without cancer older than 66 years of age from SEER-MHOS linked databases were compared to the cohort with multiple myeloma. It was found that among patients without cancer, each 10% increase in the frailty index was associated with a 40% increased risk of death. For the multiple myeloma cohort, each 10% increase in the frailty index was associated with a 16% increased risk for death. Median time for overall survival was only 26.8 months for patients considered frail, compared with 43.7 months for those who were not. This frailty index could be used a predictor of overall survival in older multiple myeloma patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS019455.
Citation: Mian HS, Wildes TM, Fiala MA .
Development of a Medicare health outcomes survey deficit-accumulation frailty index and its application to older patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma.
JCO Clin Cancer Inform 2018;2. doi: 10.1200/cci.18.00043..
Keywords: Cancer, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Elderly, Health Status, Medicare
Park JS, Bateni SB, Bold RJ
The modified frailty index to predict morbidity and mortality for retroperitoneal sarcoma resections.
The researchers performed a retrospective analysis of patients with a diagnosis of primary malignant retroperitoneal neoplasm who underwent surgical resection. The modified frailty index (mFI) was calculated according to standard published methods. Their data demonstrate that the majority of patients undergoing retroperitoneal sarcoma resections have few, if any, comorbidities. The mFI was a limited predictor of overall and serious complications and was not a significant predictor of mortality.
AHRQ-funded; HS022236.
Citation: Park JS, Bateni SB, Bold RJ .
The modified frailty index to predict morbidity and mortality for retroperitoneal sarcoma resections.
J Surg Res 2017 Sep;217:191-97. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2017.05.025.
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Keywords: Cancer, Elderly, Health Status, Mortality, Risk
Kenzik KM, Kent EE, Martin MY
Chronic condition clusters and functional impairment in older cancer survivors: a population-based study.
The purpose of this study was to identify chronic condition clusters at pre- and post-cancer diagnosis, evaluate predictors of developing clusters post-cancer, and examine the impact on functional impairment among older cancer survivors. It found that distinct condition clusters of two or more chronic conditions are prevalent among older cancer survivors. Cluster prevalence increases from pre- to post-cancer diagnosis.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009; HS013852.
Citation: Kenzik KM, Kent EE, Martin MY .
Chronic condition clusters and functional impairment in older cancer survivors: a population-based study.
J Cancer Surviv 2016 Dec;10(6):1096-103. doi: 10.1007/s11764-016-0553-4.
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Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Cancer, Elderly, Research Methodologies, Health Status
Goodwin JS, Sheffield K, Li S
Receipt of cancer screening is a predictor of life expectancy.
The researchers sought to determine the association between receipt of screening mammography or PSA and overall survival. They found that the subjects with prior cancer screening had actual median survivals higher than those who were not screened, with differences ranging from 1.7 to 2.1 years for women and 0.9 to 1.1 years for men.
AHRQ-funded; HS022134.
Citation: Goodwin JS, Sheffield K, Li S .
Receipt of cancer screening is a predictor of life expectancy.
J Gen Intern Med 2016 Nov;31(11):1308-14. doi: 10.1007/s11606-016-3787-y.
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Keywords: Cancer, Cancer: Breast Cancer, Cancer: Prostate Cancer, Screening, Women, Men's Health, Health Status
Wang SY, Hsu SH, Gross CP
Association between time since cancer diagnosis and health-related quality of life: a population-level analysis.
The purpose of this paper is to examine the association between time since cancer diagnosis and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among cancer survivors in remission. The researchers found that most cancer survivors did not experience poorer mental health, but that survivors of prostate or cervical cancer had lower mental component summary scores after 10 years of diagnosis. They concluded that the level of HRQOL among cancer survivors depends on time since cancer diagnosis and cancer type.
AHRQ-funded; HS023900.
Citation: Wang SY, Hsu SH, Gross CP .
Association between time since cancer diagnosis and health-related quality of life: a population-level analysis.
Value Health 2016 Jul-Aug;19(5):631-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jval.2016.02.010.
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Keywords: Cancer, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Health Status, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Quality of Life
Kaplan RM, Milstein A
AHRQ Author: Kaplan RM
Financial strain and cancer outcomes.
This editorial discusses an article by Lathan et al. in the same issue that documents the strong associations between socioeconomic status and longevity. The editorial argues that many of the variables in that article are measured with error and, as a result, the multivariable analysis resulted in only partial adjustment. Two variables of particular importance, education and ethnicity, are discussed.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Kaplan RM, Milstein A .
Financial strain and cancer outcomes.
J Clin Oncol 2016 May 20;34(15):1711-2. doi: 10.1200/jco.2016.66.8079.
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Keywords: Cancer, Health Status, Healthcare Costs, Low-Income, Outcomes, Social Determinants of Health, Stress
Hannum SM, Rubinstein RL
The meaningfulness of time; narratives of cancer among chronically ill older adults.
The authors sought to describe how chronically ill older adults experience a new cancer diagnosis and the effects of this on their interpretations of personal health, aging, and the future. Among the fifteen participants, they found that perceived time was fragmented into three distinct segments: the Recalled Past, the Existent Present, and the Imagined Future. They discussed implications for how older adults understood their cancer.
AHRQ-funded; HS020177.
Citation: Hannum SM, Rubinstein RL .
The meaningfulness of time; narratives of cancer among chronically ill older adults.
J Aging Stud 2016 Jan;36:17-25. doi: 10.1016/j.jaging.2015.12.006.
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Keywords: Elderly, Cancer, Chronic Conditions, Health Status
Kenzik KM, Martin MY, Fouad MN
Health-related quality of life in lung cancer survivors: Latent class and latent transition analysis.
The authors determined the HRQOL classes that exist among lung cancer survivors, examined transitions among those classes over time, and compared survival outcomes of patients according to the classes present in the initial phase of care. Lung cancer survivors were characterized into 4 different classes based on HRQOL responses, and few survivors transitioned to better HRQOL classes.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Kenzik KM, Martin MY, Fouad MN .
Health-related quality of life in lung cancer survivors: Latent class and latent transition analysis.
Cancer 2015 May 1;121(9):1520-8. doi: 10.1002/cncr.29232..
Keywords: Cancer, Cancer: Lung Cancer, Outcomes, Quality of Life, Health Status
Davidoff AJ, Gardner LD, Zuckerman IH
AHRQ Author: Davidoff AJ
Validation of disability status, a claims-based measure of functional status for cancer treatment and outcomes studies.
The researchers implemented and validated a disability status (DS) measure in 4 cohorts of cancer patients. They found that the DS measure is a significant independent predictor of cancer-directed treatment, but unobserved factors continue to play a role in determining treatments.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Davidoff AJ, Gardner LD, Zuckerman IH .
Validation of disability status, a claims-based measure of functional status for cancer treatment and outcomes studies.
Med Care 2014 Jun;52(6):500-10. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000000122.
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Keywords: Cancer, Cancer: Breast Cancer, Disabilities, Health Status, Cancer: Lung Cancer