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Search All Research Studies
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- Cancer (3)
- (-) Comparative Effectiveness (8)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 8 of 8 Research Studies DisplayedVogel JA, Seleno N, Hopkins E
Denver ED Trauma Organ Failure Score outperforms traditional methods of risk stratification in trauma.
The objective of this study was to compare prognostic accuracies of the Denver Emergency Department (ED) Trauma Organ Failure (TOF) Score, ED Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, and ED base deficit and ED lactate for inhospital mortality in adult trauma patients. It concluded that The Denver ED TOF Score more accurately predicts inhospital mortality in adult trauma patients compared to the other three.
AHRQ-funded; HS017526.
Citation: Vogel JA, Seleno N, Hopkins E .
Denver ED Trauma Organ Failure Score outperforms traditional methods of risk stratification in trauma.
Am J Emerg Med 2015 Oct;33(10):1440-4. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2015.07.006..
Keywords: Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Risk, Mortality, Comparative Effectiveness, Emergency Department
Vickers BP, Shi J, Lu B
Comparative study of ED mortality risk of US trauma patients treated at level I and level II vs nontrauma centers.
The researchers used National Emergency Department Sample (NEDS) data to explore the hypothesis that severely injured trauma victims properly triaged to a level I or level II trauma center have significantly lower odds of death than those undertriaged to a non-trauma center. They found that trauma patients with Injury Severity Score of greater than 25 received most benefit from proper triage. Efforts to reduce undertriage should focus on this population.
AHRQ-funded; HS022277.
Citation: Vickers BP, Shi J, Lu B .
Comparative study of ED mortality risk of US trauma patients treated at level I and level II vs nontrauma centers.
Am J Emerg Med 2015 Sep;33(9):1158-65. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2015.05.010..
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Emergency Department, Trauma, Comparative Effectiveness, Mortality
Bewtra M, Newcomb CW, Wu Q
Mortality associated with medical therapy versus elective colectomy in ulcerative colitis: a cohort study.
This study sought to determine whether patients with advanced ulcerative colitis (UC) treated with elective colectomy have improved survival compared with those treated with medical therapy. It found that elective colectomy was associated with improved survival compared with long-term medical therapy, although this result did not remain statistically significant in all sensitivity analyses.
AHRQ-funded; HS018517.
Citation: Bewtra M, Newcomb CW, Wu Q .
Mortality associated with medical therapy versus elective colectomy in ulcerative colitis: a cohort study.
Ann Intern Med 2015 Aug 18;163(4):262-70. doi: 10.7326/m14-0960..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Mortality, Outcomes, Surgery, Digestive Disease and Health
Cauley RP, Potanos K, Fullington N
The effect of graft type on mortality in liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma.
The researchers aimed to: (1) examine the risk of mortality in liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), (2) to establish if this risk is affected by partial graft use, and (3) to determine if this effect is mitigated by improved tumor-associated risk stratification. They found that the risk of mortality following LT does not differ by the type of graft used in recipients with favorable-risk HCC or those without HCC.
AHRQ-funded; HS019485.
Citation: Cauley RP, Potanos K, Fullington N .
The effect of graft type on mortality in liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma.
Ann Transplant 2015 Mar 30;20:175-85. doi: 10.12659/aot.892613..
Keywords: Mortality, Cancer, Transplantation, Comparative Effectiveness, Outcomes
Muntner P, Gutierrez OM, Zhao H
Validation study of medicare claims to identify older US adults with CKD using the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study.
The researchers compared characteristics and outcomes for individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) defined using laboratory measurements versus claims data from 6,982 study participants who had Medicare fee-for-service coverage. They found that CKD, whether identified using a claims-based algorithm or through estimated glomerular filtration rate or albumin-creatinine ratio measurements, is associated with increased risk for all-cause mortality and end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
AHRQ-funded; HS018517.
Citation: Muntner P, Gutierrez OM, Zhao H .
Validation study of medicare claims to identify older US adults with CKD using the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study.
Am J Kidney Dis 2015 Feb;65(2):249-58. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2014.07.012.
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Am J Kidney Dis 2015 Feb;65(2):249-58. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2014.07.012.
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Keywords: Kidney Disease and Health, Outcomes, Comparative Effectiveness, Kidney Disease and Health, Mortality
Montenovo MI, Dick AA, Hansen RN
Donor hepatitis C sero-status does not impact survival in liver transplantation.
The researchers sought to assess the impact of both donor and recipient HCV status on patient and graft survival. They found that the use of HCV+ grafts in HCV+ recipients is not associated with worse outcomes. They conclude that with the increase in HCV+patients awaiting an organ, more consideration should be given to HCV+ donors.
AHRQ-funded; HS021686.
Citation: Montenovo MI, Dick AA, Hansen RN .
Donor hepatitis C sero-status does not impact survival in liver transplantation.
Ann Transplant 2015 Jan 22;20:44-50. doi: 10.12659/aot.892530..
Keywords: Hepatitis, Comparative Effectiveness, Outcomes, Mortality
Cooper AB, Parmar AD, Riall TS
Does the use of neoadjuvant therapy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma increase postoperative morbidity and mortality rates?
The researchers used data from the NSQIP Pancreatectomy Demonstration Project (11/2011 to 12/2012) to identify patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma who did and did not receive neoadjuvant therapy. They found that despite evidence for more extensive disease, patients receiving neoadjuvant therapy did not experience more complications. Neoadjuvant radiation was associated with lower pancreatic fistula rates.
AHRQ-funded; HS022134.
Citation: Cooper AB, Parmar AD, Riall TS .
Does the use of neoadjuvant therapy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma increase postoperative morbidity and mortality rates?
J Gastrointest Surg 2015 Jan;19(1):80-6; discussion 86-7. doi: 10.1007/s11605-014-2620-3..
Keywords: Cancer, Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Surgery, Mortality
Tien YY, Link BK, Brooks JM
Treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the elderly: regimens without anthracyclines are common and not futile.
This study characterized treatment choices and compared the 3-year overall survival rates of 8262 Medicare beneficiaries diagnosed with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in 2000 – 2006. It found that patients treated with anthracycline-containing regimens with rituximab have the highest survival rates when all available clinical features are accounted for.
AHRQ-funded; HS016094.
Citation: Tien YY, Link BK, Brooks JM .
Treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the elderly: regimens without anthracyclines are common and not futile.
Leuk Lymphoma 2015 Jan;56(1):65-71. doi: 10.3109/10428194.2014.903589..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Medicare, Outcomes, Cancer, Mortality