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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
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1 to 4 of 4 Research Studies DisplayedDrewry AM, Mohr NM, Ablordeppey EA
Therapeutic hyperthermia is associated with improved survival in afebrile critically ill patients with sepsis: a pilot randomized trial.
This study’s objective was to test the hypothesis that forced-air warming of critically ill afebrile sepsis patients improves immune function compared to standard temperature management. Patients were considered eligible patients if they were mechanically ventilated septic adults with: 1) a diagnosis of sepsis within 48 hours of enrollment; 2) anticipated need for mechanical ventilation of greater than 48 hours; and 3) a maximum temperature less than 38.3°C within the 24 hours prior to enrollment. Intervention treatment was external warming using a forced-air warming blanket for 48 hours, with a goal temperature 1.5°C above the lowest temperature documented in the previous 24 hours. The authors enrolled 56 patients in this randomized, controlled trial. Participants allocated to external warming had lower 28-day mortality (18% vs 43%) and more 28-day hospital-free days. No differences were observed between the groups in HLA-DR expression or IFN-γ production.
AHRQ-funded; HS025753.
Citation: Drewry AM, Mohr NM, Ablordeppey EA .
Therapeutic hyperthermia is associated with improved survival in afebrile critically ill patients with sepsis: a pilot randomized trial.
Crit Care Med 2022 Jun;50(6):924-34. doi: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000005470..
Keywords: COVID-19, Sepsis, Treatments, Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice, Outcomes
Douin DJ, Krause M, Williams C
Corticosteroid administration and impaired glycemic control in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients.
This study’s objective was to determine the association between corticosteroid administration and impaired glycemic control among COVID-19 patients requiring mechanical ventilation and/or veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. This multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted between March 9 and May 17, 2020 at 12 US hospitals. The primary outcome measured was days spent with at least 1 episode of blood glucose either >180 mg/dL or <80 mg/dL within the first 28 days of admission. The authors included 292 mechanically ventilated patients. Sixty-six patients (22.6%) died within 28 days of ICU admission. Seventy-one patients (24.3%) received a cumulative dose of at least an equivalent of 320 mg methylprednisolone. After adjustment for gender, history of diabetes mellitus, chronic liver disease, sequential organ failure assessment score on intensive care unit day 1, and length of stay, administration of ≥320 mg methylprednisolone equivalent was associated with 4 additional days spent with glucose either <80 mg/dL or >180 mg/dL.
AHRQ-funded; HS027795.
Citation: Douin DJ, Krause M, Williams C .
Corticosteroid administration and impaired glycemic control in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients.
Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2022 Mar;26(1):32-40. doi: 10.1177/10892532211043313..
Keywords: COVID-19, Treatments, Medication
Ibrahim S, Lowe JR, Bramante CT
Metformin and Covid-19: focused review of mechanisms and current literature suggesting benefit.
In the current Covid-19 pandemic, four observational studies have been published showing reduced mortality among individuals with home metformin use. This article discusses these studies.
AHRQ-funded; HS026379.
Citation: Ibrahim S, Lowe JR, Bramante CT .
Metformin and Covid-19: focused review of mechanisms and current literature suggesting benefit.
Front Endocrinol 2021 Jul 22;12:587801. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2021.587801..
Keywords: COVID-19, Medication, Treatments
Bramante CT, Buse J, Tamaritz L
Outpatient metformin use is associated with reduced severity of COVID-19 disease in adults with overweight or obesity.
This study investigated whether outpatient metformin use is associated with reduced severity of COVID-19 in adults with overweight or obesity. Metformin can decrease interleukin-6 and tumor-necrosis factor- α, which appears to contribute to COVID-19 mortality. The authors conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of electronic health record (EHR) data that was pooled across multiple EHR systems from 12 hospitals and 60 primary care clinics in the Midwest between March and December 2020. Inclusion criteria included data for BMI > 25 kg/m(2); age range 30-85 years; and a positive SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction test. Metformin was associated with a decrease in mortality from COVID-19 and a nonsignificant decrease in hospital admission in the overall cohort.
AHRQ-funded; HS026379.
Citation: Bramante CT, Buse J, Tamaritz L .
Outpatient metformin use is associated with reduced severity of COVID-19 disease in adults with overweight or obesity.
J Med Virol 2021 Jul;93(7):4273-79. doi: 10.1002/jmv.26873..
Keywords: COVID-19, Infectious Diseases, Obesity, Medication, Treatments, Outcomes