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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 13 of 13 Research Studies DisplayedFraiman YS, Litt JS, Davis JM
Racial and ethnic disparities in adult COVID-19 and the future impact on child health.
This article discusses the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children who are racial and ethnic minorities and the disproportionate harm to them. The authors urge that COVID-19-focused research consider racial and ethnic disparity. The paper discusses the lasting and intergenerational impact of COVID-19 on communities of color, especially children, due to increase in stress, material hardship, food insecurity, and long-term school readiness.
AHRQ-funded; HS000063.
Citation: Fraiman YS, Litt JS, Davis JM .
Racial and ethnic disparities in adult COVID-19 and the future impact on child health.
Pediatr Res 2021 Apr;89(5):1052-54. doi: 10.1038/s41390-021-01377-x..
Keywords: COVID-19, Children/Adolescents, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Disparities, Health Status, Social Determinants of Health
Thomson J, Hall M, Nelson K
Timing of co-occurring chronic conditions in children with neurologic impairment.
Children with neurologic impairment (NI) are at risk for developing co-occurring chronic conditions, increasing their medical complexity and morbidity. In this study, the authors assessed the prevalence and timing of onset for those conditions in children with NI. They concluded that children with NI enrolled in Medicaid had substantial multimorbidity that developed early in life.
AHRQ-funded; HS025138.
Citation: Thomson J, Hall M, Nelson K .
Timing of co-occurring chronic conditions in children with neurologic impairment.
Pediatrics 2021 Feb;147(2):e2020009217. doi: 10.1542/peds.2020-009217..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Neurological Disorders, Chronic Conditions, Medicaid, Health Status
Sonik RA, Coleman-Jensen A, Parish SL
Household food insufficiency, health status and emergency healthcare utilisation among children with and without special healthcare needs.
The purpose of this study was to compare exposure to household food insufficiency and the relationship between household food insufficiency and both health status and emergency healthcare utilization among children with and without special healthcare needs (SHCN). The investigators concluded that compared with other children, children with SHCN have an elevated risk of exposure to household food insufficiency and experiencing greater reductions in health status when exposed.
AHRQ-funded; HS026317.
Citation: Sonik RA, Coleman-Jensen A, Parish SL .
Household food insufficiency, health status and emergency healthcare utilisation among children with and without special healthcare needs.
Public Health Nutr 2020 Dec;23(17):3204-10. doi: 10.1017/s1368980020000361..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Nutrition, Health Status, Emergency Department, Public Health
Calthorpe LM, Pantell MS
Differences in the prevalence of childhood adversity by geography in the 2017-18 National Survey of Children's Health.
This study examined differences in childhood exposures to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) by geography and determined whether geography moderates the relationship between ACE exposure and health outcomes including overall health, asthma, ADHD, and special health care needs. Cross-sectional data from 2017-2017 National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH) was analyzed. Rural residency was associated with 1.29 times increased odds of exposure to 4+ ACEs compared to suburban residency. Urban residency status was observed to increase the association between ACEs and asthma.
AHRQ-funded; HS026383.
Citation: Calthorpe LM, Pantell MS .
Differences in the prevalence of childhood adversity by geography in the 2017-18 National Survey of Children's Health.
Child Abuse Negl 2021 Jan;111:104804. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104804..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Social Determinants of Health, Health Status
Zullo AR, Adams JW, Gantenberg JR
Examining neighborhood poverty-based disparities in HIV/STI prevalence: an analysis of Add Health data.
The purpose of the study was to estimate the effect of exposure to neighborhood poverty in adolescence on HIV/STI prevalence in early adulthood. The investigators found that strong evidence for neighborhood poverty-based differences in HIV/STI prevalence was not observed. They suggest that researchers should continue to investigate the effect of neighborhood-level socioeconomic position measures and, if warranted, identify etiologically relevant exposure periods.
AHRQ-funded; HS022998.
Citation: Zullo AR, Adams JW, Gantenberg JR .
Examining neighborhood poverty-based disparities in HIV/STI prevalence: an analysis of Add Health data.
Ann Epidemiol 2019 Nov;39:8-14.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2019.09.010..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Low-Income, Vulnerable Populations, Disparities, Social Determinants of Health, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Infectious Diseases, Young Adults, Health Status
Forrest CB, Zorc JJ, Moon J
Evaluation of the PROMIS pediatric global health scale (PGH-7) in children with asthma.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the PROMIS Pediatric Global Health scale, a 7-item measure of perceived physical, mental, and social health, in children with asthma. The investigators concluded that the PGH-7 is a reliable and valid patient-reported outcome for assessing general health among children with asthma. It is a useful complement to other asthma-specific outcome measures.
AHRQ-funded; HS020508.
Citation: Forrest CB, Zorc JJ, Moon J .
Evaluation of the PROMIS pediatric global health scale (PGH-7) in children with asthma.
J Asthma 2019 May;56(5):534-42. doi: 10.1080/02770903.2018.1471701..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Health Status
Wisk LE, Weitzman ER
Expectancy and achievement gaps in educational attainment and subsequent adverse health effects among adolescents with and without chronic medical conditions.
This study sought to investigate educational aspirations, expectations, and attainment among youth with and without chronic conditions and to determine if these relationships mediated subsequent disparities in health and well-being. Findings suggest an important risk mechanism through which youth with chronic medical conditions may acquire socioeconomic disadvantage as they develop and progress through educational settings.
AHRQ-funded; HS022986; HS000063.
Citation: Wisk LE, Weitzman ER .
Expectancy and achievement gaps in educational attainment and subsequent adverse health effects among adolescents with and without chronic medical conditions.
J Adolesc Health 2017 Oct;61(4):461-70. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.04.006..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Chronic Conditions, Disparities, Education, Health Status
Tak YR, Brunwasser SM, Lichtwarck-Aschoff A
The prospective associations between self-efficacy and depressive symptoms from early to middle adolescence: a cross-lagged model.
This study investigated the bidirectional and prospective associations between depressive symptoms and academic, social and emotional self-efficacy from early to mid adolescence in a cross-lagged path model. It found that depressive symptoms predicted subsequent levels of academic and emotional self-efficacy on all time points, and social self-efficacy on one time point. Self-efficacy did not predict subsequent levels of depressive symptoms.
AHRQ-funded; HS022990.
Citation: Tak YR, Brunwasser SM, Lichtwarck-Aschoff A .
The prospective associations between self-efficacy and depressive symptoms from early to middle adolescence: a cross-lagged model.
J Youth Adolesc 2017 Apr;46(4):744-56. doi: 10.1007/s10964-016-0614-z.
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Keywords: Depression, Children/Adolescents, Health Status, Behavioral Health
McDonald ML, Huang A, Proudfoot JA
Association of obesity, BMI, and Hispanic ethnicity on ambulatory status in children with spinal dysraphism followed near the California-Mexico border.
This study evaluated the relationship between body mass index (BMI), overweight status (OW), or obesity (OB) and ambulatory status in a predominantly Hispanic population of children with spinal dysraphism (SD). It found that,despite no difference in ambulatory status, increasing BMI and OW / OB are associated with Hispanic ethnicity and increasing age.
AHRQ-funded; HS022404.
Citation: McDonald ML, Huang A, Proudfoot JA .
Association of obesity, BMI, and Hispanic ethnicity on ambulatory status in children with spinal dysraphism followed near the California-Mexico border.
J Health Care Poor Underserved 2016;27(4):1956-69. doi: 10.1353/hpu.2016.0173.
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Keywords: Obesity, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Children/Adolescents, Health Status
Hinton CF, Homer CJ, Thompson AA
AHRQ Author: Dougherty D
A framework for assessing outcomes from newborn screening: on the road to measuring its promise.
The researchers proposed a framework for assessing outcomes for the health and well-being of children identified through newborn screening programs. As an example, they applied the framework to sickle cell disease and phenylketonuria, two diverse conditions with different outcome measures and potential sources of data. They concluded that their paper presented a customizable outcomes framework for organizing measures for newborn screening condition-specific health outcomes, and an approach to identifying sources and challenges to populating those measures.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Hinton CF, Homer CJ, Thompson AA .
A framework for assessing outcomes from newborn screening: on the road to measuring its promise.
Mol Genet Metab 2016 Aug;118(4):221-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2016.05.017.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Health Status, Newborns/Infants, Screening, Sickle Cell Disease
Boudreaux MH, Golberstein E, McAlpine DD
The long-term impacts of Medicaid exposure in early childhood: evidence from the program's origin.
This paper examines the long-term impact of exposure to Medicaid in early childhood on adult health and economic status. Its analyses suggest that exposure to Medicaid in early childhood (age 0-5) is associated with statistically significant and meaningful improvements in adult health (age 25-54), and this effect is only seen in subgroups targeted by the program.
AHRQ-funded; HS021690.
Citation: Boudreaux MH, Golberstein E, McAlpine DD .
The long-term impacts of Medicaid exposure in early childhood: evidence from the program's origin.
J Health Econ 2016 Jan;45:161-75. doi: 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2015.11.001.
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Keywords: Medicaid, Health Status, Children/Adolescents
Kennedy-Hendricks A, Schwartz HL, Griffin BA
Health implications of social networks for children living in public housing.
This study sought to examine whether the health composition of the social networks of children living in subsidized housing differs from those living in public housing developments; and whether children's social network composition is associated with children's own health. The authors found no significant differences in the health characteristics of the social networks of children based on housing, but social network composition was significantly associated with several aspects of children's own health.
AHRQ-funded; HS000029.
Citation: Kennedy-Hendricks A, Schwartz HL, Griffin BA .
Health implications of social networks for children living in public housing.
Health Place 2015 Nov;36:145-51. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2015.11.001.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Health Status, Low-Income, Social Determinants of Health
Kennedy-Hendricks A, Schwartz H, Thornton RJ
Intergenerational social networks and health behaviors among children living in public housing.
The researchers investigated whether caretakers' social networks are linked with children's health status. They found that caretaker social networks are independently associated with certain aspects of child health, suggesting the importance of the broader social environment for low-income children's health.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Kennedy-Hendricks A, Schwartz H, Thornton RJ .
Intergenerational social networks and health behaviors among children living in public housing.
Am J Public Health 2015 Nov;105(11):2291-7. doi: 10.2105/ajph.2015.302663.
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Keywords: Caregiving, Children/Adolescents, Family Health and History, Health Status, Low-Income