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Topics
- Blood Pressure (1)
- Children/Adolescents (4)
- Clinician-Patient Communication (1)
- Communication (1)
- COVID-19 (2)
- (-) Education: Continuing Medical Education (25)
- Education: Curriculum (1)
- Elderly (2)
- Electronic Health Records (EHRs) (2)
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- Evidence-Based Practice (3)
- Guidelines (2)
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- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) (1)
- Imaging (1)
- Implementation (1)
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- Intensive Care Unit (ICU) (2)
- Medical Liability (1)
- Nursing Homes (1)
- Obesity (1)
- Outcomes (3)
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- Patient Safety (3)
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- Prevention (1)
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- Provider (6)
- Provider: Health Personnel (1)
- Provider: Physician (3)
- Provider Performance (2)
- Quality Improvement (2)
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- Screening (1)
- Sepsis (1)
- Simulation (2)
- Sleep Problems (1)
- Surgery (5)
- Training (12)
- Transitions of Care (2)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 25 of 25 Research Studies DisplayedThelen AE, Kendrick DE, Chen X
Novel method to link surgical trainee performance data to patient outcomes.
A significant roadblock in surgical education research has been the inability to compare trainee performance to the outcomes of those surgeons after they enter independent practice. In this study, the investigators described the feasibility of an innovative method to link trainee performance data with patient outcomes. They indicated that this innovation could enable future research investigating the relationship between surgical trainee performance and patient outcomes in independent practice.
AHRQ-funded; HS027653.
Citation: Thelen AE, Kendrick DE, Chen X .
Novel method to link surgical trainee performance data to patient outcomes.
Am J Surg 2021 Dec;222(6):1072-78. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2021.10.018..
Keywords: Surgery, Education: Continuing Medical Education, Provider Performance, Provider: Physician, Outcomes
Limes J, Callister C, Young E
A cross-sectional survey of internal medicine residents' knowledge, attitudes, and current practices regarding patient transitions to post-acute care.
This study’s aim was to assess internal medicine residents’ knowledge, attitudes, and current practice regarding patient transitions to post-acute care (PAC). The authors conducted a multi-site cross-sectional 36-question survey at 3 university-based Internal Medicine training programs in the United States. Of 482 residents, almost half (49%) responded. Only 31% of residents know how often patients received skilled therapists at skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) and 23% knew how frequently nursing services are provided. The majority of residents (79%) identified the discharge summary as the main way to communicate care instructions to the SNF, but only 55% reported always completing it prior to discharge. Upper-level residents were more likely to know how much therapy patients received at an SNF, but other resident knowledge about PAC did not vary by residency year. Residents who experienced a clinical rotation at a SNF had higher levels of knowledge compared to those who did not.
AHRQ-funded; HS024569.
Citation: Limes J, Callister C, Young E .
A cross-sectional survey of internal medicine residents' knowledge, attitudes, and current practices regarding patient transitions to post-acute care.
J Am Med Dir Assoc 2021 Nov;22(11):2344-49. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2021.02.011..
Keywords: Transitions of Care, Education: Continuing Medical Education, Provider: Physician
Feldman AG, Squires JE, Hsu EX
The current state of pediatric transplant hepatology fellowships: a survey of recent graduates.
This study’s goal was to describe the clinical, didactic, procedural, and research experiences of recent pediatric transplant hepatology (PTH) fellowship graduates. Findings showed that there is variability in the didactic, clinical, and procedural training among PTH fellowship programs. Although uniformly viewed as a beneficial fellowship year, there is an opportunity to collaborate to create a more standardized training experience.
AHRQ-funded; HS026510.
Citation: Feldman AG, Squires JE, Hsu EX .
The current state of pediatric transplant hepatology fellowships: a survey of recent graduates.
Pediatr Transplant 2021 Nov;25(7):e14065. doi: 10.1111/petr.14065..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Provider: Physician, Education: Continuing Medical Education, Training
Baughman AW, Renton M, Wehbi NK
Building community and resilience in Massachusetts nursing homes during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Researchers discuss the partnership of the Massachusetts Senior Care Association and Hebrew SeniorLife with AHRQ ECHO National Nursing Home COVID-19 Action Network (the Network). This educational program provided 16 weeks of free weekly virtual sessions to 295 eligible nursing homes. The Network weekly meetings were a source of connection, emotional support, and validation and may be a valuable mechanism to support resilience and wellbeing for nursing home staff.
AHRQ-funded; 75Q80120C00003.
Citation: Baughman AW, Renton M, Wehbi NK .
Building community and resilience in Massachusetts nursing homes during the COVID-19 pandemic.
J Am Geriatr Soc 2021 Oct;69(10):2716-21. doi: 10.1111/jgs.17389..
Keywords: COVID-19, Elderly, Nursing Homes, Evidence-Based Practice, Provider: Health Personnel, Education: Continuing Medical Education, Training
Byrnes ME, Engler ta, Greenberg CC
Coaching as a mechanism to challenge surgical professional identities.
Investigators reported on exit interviews of surgeons who participated in a coaching program and demonstrated how their narratives challenge the surgical "personality" and forge an evolving and more open professional surgical identity. They found that participation in a coaching program challenged how surgeons thought of themselves in relationship to social and peer expectations. Further, their results indicated that surgeons do feel peer and social pressures related to identity but are much more complex and nuanced than has been previously discussed.
AHRQ-funded; HS023597.
Citation: Byrnes ME, Engler ta, Greenberg CC .
Coaching as a mechanism to challenge surgical professional identities.
Ann Surg 2021 Aug 1;274(2):319-23. doi: 10.1097/sla.0000000000003707..
Keywords: Surgery, Education: Continuing Medical Education
Naderi R, Oberndorfer TA, Jordan SR
Resident perspectives on the value of interdisciplinary conference calls for geriatric patients.
The University of Colorado implemented a virtual interdisciplinary conference call, TEAM (Transitions Expectation and Management), between providers on the inpatient Acute Care of the Elder (ACE) unit and the outpatient Seniors Clinic at the University of Colorado Hospital. This study highlighted learner perspectives of the benefit of interdisciplinary conference calls between inpatient and outpatient providers to enhance transitions of care, which provided meaningful feedback and served as a vehicle for residents to recognize the impact of their care decisions in the broader spectrum of patients' experience during hospital discharge.
AHRQ-funded; HS024569.
Citation: Naderi R, Oberndorfer TA, Jordan SR .
Resident perspectives on the value of interdisciplinary conference calls for geriatric patients.
BMC Med Educ 2021 Jun 3;21(1):314. doi: 10.1186/s12909-021-02750-4..
Keywords: Elderly, Education: Continuing Medical Education, Transitions of Care
Sinz E, Banerjee A, Steadman R
Reliability of simulation-based assessment for practicing physicians: performance is context-specific.
Even physicians who routinely work in complex, dynamic practices may be unprepared to optimally manage challenging critical events. High-fidelity simulation can realistically mimic critical clinically relevant events, however the reliability and validity of simulation-based assessment scores for practicing physicians has not been established. In this study, standardised complex simulation scenarios were developed and administered to board-certified, practicing anesthesiologists who volunteered to participate in an assessment study during formative maintenance of certification activities.
AHRQ-funded; HS020415.
Citation: Sinz E, Banerjee A, Steadman R .
Reliability of simulation-based assessment for practicing physicians: performance is context-specific.
BMC Med Educ 2021 Apr 12;21(1):207. doi: 10.1186/s12909-021-02617-8..
Keywords: Simulation, Education: Continuing Medical Education, Training, Provider Performance
Williams C, Familusi OO, Ziemba J
Adapting to the educational challenges of a pandemic: development of a novel virtual urology subinternship during the time of COVID-19.
The purpose of this study was to design, implement, and evaluate learner attitudes of a virtual urologic surgery clinical rotation for medical students. The investigators concluded that virtual medical student rotations were scalable and effective at delivering surgical material and could approximate the interpersonal teaching found in clinical learning environments. The investigators suggested that they may be a useful tool to supplement or augment clinical learning in select situations.
AHRQ-funded; HS026372.
Citation: Williams C, Familusi OO, Ziemba J .
Adapting to the educational challenges of a pandemic: development of a novel virtual urology subinternship during the time of COVID-19.
Urology 2021 Feb;148:70-76. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2020.08.071..
Keywords: Education: Curriculum, COVID-19, Surgery, Education: Continuing Medical Education
Larsen GY, Brilli R, Macias CG
Development of a quality improvement learning collaborative to improve pediatric sepsis outcomes.
Researchers developed a multicenter quality improvement learning collaborative of US children's hospitals. They created a key driver diagram (KDD) with the aim of reducing both the sepsis-attributable mortality and the incidence of hospital-onset sepsis in children. The KDD primary drivers focused on improving the following: treatment of infection; recognition, diagnosis, and treatment of sepsis; de-escalation of unnecessary care; engagement of patients and families; and methods to optimize performance. The Children's Hospital Association Improving Pediatric Sepsis Outcomes collaborative aims to improve sepsis outcomes through collaborative learning and reliable implementation of evidence-based interventions.
AHRQ-funded; HS025696.
Citation: Larsen GY, Brilli R, Macias CG .
Development of a quality improvement learning collaborative to improve pediatric sepsis outcomes.
Pediatrics 2021 Jan;147(1). doi: 10.1542/peds.2020-1434..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Sepsis, Outcomes, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care, Education: Continuing Medical Education
Prey JE, Polubriaginof F, Kuperman GJ
A global analysis of approaches to sharing clinical data with patients.
The authors investigated the current state of approaches for providing patients with access to their own clinical information. They found that efforts to improve patient access to data are active on a global-scale; however, there are many open questions about best practices and much can be learned by adopting an international perspective to guide future implementation efforts.
AHRQ-funded; HS021816.
Citation: Prey JE, Polubriaginof F, Kuperman GJ .
A global analysis of approaches to sharing clinical data with patients.
Stud Health Technol Inform 2015;216:907.
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Keywords: Education: Continuing Medical Education, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Patient and Family Engagement
Starmer AJ, Destino L, Yoon CS
Intern and resident workflow patterns on pediatric inpatient units: a multicenter time-motion study.
The researchers sought to quantify the proportion of time spent by residents in direct care, indirect care activities, and education across 9 pediatric institutions. They found that across all sites and levels of training, trainees spent more time in interprofessional communication (34.7 percent), and at the computer (20.5 percent), and less time in contact with patients and families (12.0 percent) and in educational activities (4.7 percent).
AHRQ-funded; HS019456.
Citation: Starmer AJ, Destino L, Yoon CS .
Intern and resident workflow patterns on pediatric inpatient units: a multicenter time-motion study.
JAMA Pediatr 2015 Dec;169(12):1175-7. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2015.2471..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Education: Continuing Medical Education, Inpatient Care, Provider, Training, Workflow
Lewiss RE, Chan W, Sheng AY
Research priorities in the utilization and interpretation of diagnostic imaging: Education, assessment, and competency.
A group of radiologists, physicists, and emergency physicians convened at the 2015 Academic Emergency Medicine consensus conference to discuss and prioritize a research agenda related to education, assessment, and competency in ordering and interpreting diagnostic imaging. In this article, the authors review the supporting reliability and validity evidence and make specific recommendations for future research on the education, competency, and assessment of learning diagnostic imaging.
AHRQ-funded; HS023498.
Citation: Lewiss RE, Chan W, Sheng AY .
Research priorities in the utilization and interpretation of diagnostic imaging: Education, assessment, and competency.
Acad Emerg Med 2015 Dec;22(12):1447-54. doi: 10.1111/acem.12833.
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Keywords: Imaging, Education: Continuing Medical Education, Emergency Department, Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Healthcare Utilization, Health Services Research (HSR)
Mohan V, Scholl G, Gold JA
Intelligent simulation model to facilitate EHR training.
The authors proposed Six Principles that are EHR-agnostic and provide the framework for the development of an intelligent simulation model that can optimize EHR training by replicating real-world clinical conditions and appropriate cognitive loads.
AHRQ-funded; HS021637.
Citation: Mohan V, Scholl G, Gold JA .
Intelligent simulation model to facilitate EHR training.
AMIA Annu Symp Proc 2015 Nov 5;2015:925-32.
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Keywords: Education: Continuing Medical Education, Health Information Technology (HIT), Patient Safety, Training, Electronic Health Records (EHRs)
Wolfe H, Maltese MR, Niles DE
Blood pressure directed booster trainings improve intensive care unit provider retention of excellent cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills.
The authors incorporated arterial blood pressure (ABP) tracings into Booster Trainings, hypothesizing that ABP-directed CPR Booster Trainings would improve intensive care unit (ICU) provider 3-month retention of excellent CPR skills without need for interval retraining. They found that the ABP-directed CPR booster trainings improved ICU provider 3-month retention of excellent CPR skills without the need for interval retraining.
AHRQ-funded; HS022469; HS022464.
Citation: Wolfe H, Maltese MR, Niles DE .
Blood pressure directed booster trainings improve intensive care unit provider retention of excellent cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills.
Pediatr Emerg Care 2015 Nov;31(11):743-7. doi: 10.1097/pec.0000000000000394.
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Keywords: Blood Pressure, Education: Continuing Medical Education, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Patient Safety, Training
Carayon P, Weinger MB, Brown R
How do residents spend their time in the intensive care unit?
The researchers described the work of residents and the distribution of their time in 6 intensive care units (ICUs) of 2 medical centers (MCs). The found that residents spent most time performing direct patient care and care coordination activities. The distribution of activities, which varied across MCs and across ICUs, highlights the need to consider the local context on residents' work in ICUs.
AHRQ-funded; HS015274.
Citation: Carayon P, Weinger MB, Brown R .
How do residents spend their time in the intensive care unit?
Am J Med Sci 2015 Nov;350(5):403-8. doi: 10.1097/maj.0000000000000520.
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Keywords: Education: Continuing Medical Education, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Provider, Training
Lindman BR, Tong CW, Carlson DE
National Institutes of Health career development awards for cardiovascular physician-scientists: recent trends and strategies for success.
The authors report on recent success rates for obtaining NIH K awards, provide strategies for preparing a successful application and navigating the early career period for aspiring cardiovascular investigators, and offer cardiovascular division leadership perspectives regarding K awards in the current era. Their objective is to offer practical advice that will equip trainees considering an investigator path for success.
AHRQ-funded; HS023000.
Citation: Lindman BR, Tong CW, Carlson DE .
National Institutes of Health career development awards for cardiovascular physician-scientists: recent trends and strategies for success.
J Am Coll Cardiol 2015 Oct 20;66(16):1816-27. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2015.08.858..
Keywords: Education: Continuing Medical Education, Provider, Training
Gance-Cleveland B, Aldrich H, Dandreaux D
A virtual childhood obesity collaborative: satisfaction with online continuing education.
This descriptive study evaluated school-based health center (SBHC) providers’ satisfaction with Web based continuing education as part of a virtual childhood obesity intervention. Participation in the first two learning sessions was higher than the last two. Provider satisfaction of training modules by question type and content area was quite high. Many providers also reported plans to make changes in their practice after completing the training.
AHRQ-funded; HS018646.
Citation: Gance-Cleveland B, Aldrich H, Dandreaux D .
A virtual childhood obesity collaborative: satisfaction with online continuing education.
J Pediatr Health Care 2015 Sep-Oct;29(5):413-23. doi: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2015.01.006..
Keywords: Education: Continuing Medical Education, Obesity, Children/Adolescents, Prevention, Web-Based
Rajaram R, Chung JW, Cohen ME
Association of the 2011 ACGME resident duty hour reform with postoperative patient outcomes in surgical specialties.
The 2011 ACGME resident duty hour reform implemented additional restrictions to existing duty hour policies. The study’s objective was to determine the association between this reform and patient outcomes among several surgical specialties. It found that implementation of the 2011 ACGME resident duty hour reform was not associated with a significant change in patient outcomes for several surgical specialties in the 2 years after reform.
AHRQ-funded; HS000078.
Citation: Rajaram R, Chung JW, Cohen ME .
Association of the 2011 ACGME resident duty hour reform with postoperative patient outcomes in surgical specialties.
J Am Coll Surg 2015 Sep;221(3):748-57. doi: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2015.06.010..
Keywords: Education: Continuing Medical Education, Outcomes, Surgery, Training
Arora VM, Prochaska MT, Farnan JM
Patient perceptions of whom is most involved in their care with successive duty hour limits.
The researchers aimed to assess if patients’ perceptions of who is most involved in their care changed with residency duty hours. They found that after successive residency duty hours limits, hospitalized patients were more likely to report the attending physician and less likely to report the resident or intern as most involved in their hospital care.
AHRQ-funded; HS010597; HS016967.
Citation: Arora VM, Prochaska MT, Farnan JM .
Patient perceptions of whom is most involved in their care with successive duty hour limits.
J Gen Intern Med 2015 Sep;30(9):1275-8. doi: 10.1007/s11606-015-3239-0..
Keywords: Education: Continuing Medical Education, Inpatient Care, Provider, Clinician-Patient Communication, Workforce
Wang D, Le XH, Luque AE
Identifying effective approaches for dissemination of clinical evidence--correlation analyses on promotional activities and usage of a guideline-driven interactive case simulation tool in a statewide HIV-HCV-STD clinical education program.
The investigators analyzed correlations between promotional activities and usage of a guideline-driven interactive case simulation tool (ICST) for insomnia screening and treatment in a statewide HIV-HCV-STD clinical education program. They found that promotional activities were strongly correlated with the number of audience as well as the intensity of use of the target resource, with strong correlations identified between the sending of email newsletters and the intensity of resource use by promotion recipients, by new users, and through the most convenient access channel associated with the promotion.
AHRQ-funded; HS022057.
Citation: Wang D, Le XH, Luque AE .
Identifying effective approaches for dissemination of clinical evidence--correlation analyses on promotional activities and usage of a guideline-driven interactive case simulation tool in a statewide HIV-HCV-STD clinical education program.
Stud Health Technol Inform 2015;216:515-9.
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Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Education: Continuing Medical Education, Simulation, Guidelines, Evidence-Based Practice, Health Promotion, Screening, Sleep Problems, Training
Song Z, Chopra V, McMahon LF
Addressing the primary care workforce crisis.
In this commentary, the authors propose that CMS explicitly reward teaching hospitals if a certain share of their graduates (they propose 30%) remain in primary care 3 years after residency, either through additional payments or release of a withhold. This step could help address the shortage of primary care physicians that now calls for more policy attention and urgency.
AHRQ-funded; HS022835.
Citation: Song Z, Chopra V, McMahon LF .
Addressing the primary care workforce crisis.
Am J Manag Care 2015 Aug;21(8):e452-4..
Keywords: Education: Continuing Medical Education, Policy, Primary Care, Provider, Workforce
Morrato EH, Rabin B, Proctor J
Bringing it home: expanding the local reach of dissemination and implementation training via a university-based workshop.
The Colorado Research in Implementation Science Program (CRISP) developed and delivered an introductory D&I workshop adapted from national programs to extend training reach and foster a local learning community for D&I. This paper describes the context of the local training environment, findings from a pre-workshop needs assessment survey, training design and structure, and post-workshop evaluation. Lessons learned may inform others intending to develop local D&I training workshop.
AHRQ-funded; HS021138.
Citation: Morrato EH, Rabin B, Proctor J .
Bringing it home: expanding the local reach of dissemination and implementation training via a university-based workshop.
Implement Sci 2015 Jul 4;10:94. doi: 10.1186/s13012-015-0281-6..
Keywords: Communication, Education: Continuing Medical Education, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Quality of Care, Quality Improvement, Training, Implementation
Ballard TN, Grenda TR, Cohn AM
Innovative scheduling solutions for graduate medical education.
Operations research can be applied to solving numerous logistical problems, including residency scheduling dilemmas. The authors pointed out that training programs will need to employ more advanced approaches to solving scheduling dilemmas, and operations research offers innovative approaches to enable graduate medical education programs to efficiently address this constantly changing field.
AHRQ-funded; HS000053.
Citation: Ballard TN, Grenda TR, Cohn AM .
Innovative scheduling solutions for graduate medical education.
J Grad Med Educ 2015 Jun;7(2):169-70. doi: 10.4300/jgme-d-14-00581.1.
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Keywords: Education: Continuing Medical Education, Training
Pradarelli JC, Campbell DA, Dimick JB
Hospital credentialing and privileging of surgeons: a potential safety blind spot.
Taylor v Intuitive, the first of at least 26 lawsuits against Intuitive, went to trial alleging injuries or death tied to the da Vinci Surgical System, a new robotic surgical system. This discussion of the events surrounding the case of Taylor v Intuitive highlights the importance of hospitals’ credentialing and privileging mechanisms for maintaining the quality and safety of surgical care, especially regarding new technologies for which practicing surgeons may not have formal training.
AHRQ-funded; HS017765.
Citation: Pradarelli JC, Campbell DA, Dimick JB .
Hospital credentialing and privileging of surgeons: a potential safety blind spot.
JAMA 2015 Apr 7;313(13):1313-4. doi: 10.1001/jama.2015.1943..
Keywords: Patient Safety, Surgery, Education: Continuing Medical Education, Medical Liability, Hospitals
Pylypchuk Y, Sarpong E
AHRQ Author: Pylypchuk Y, Sarpong E
Nurse practitioners and their effects on visits to primary care physicians.
The researchers examined the effects of visits to nurse practitioners (NPs) on the demand for primary care physician services. Using a system of simultaneous equations where states’ education requirements for NPs are an identifying exclusion restriction, they found that patients who visit an NP are significantly less likely to visit PCPs, and to receive prescribed medication, medical check-up, and diagnosis from PCPs.
AHRQ-authored
Citation: Pylypchuk Y, Sarpong E .
Nurse practitioners and their effects on visits to primary care physicians.
B E J Econom Anal Policy 2015 Apr;15(2):837–64..
Keywords: Healthcare Delivery, Education: Continuing Medical Education, Primary Care, Provider, Workforce