National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
Latest available findings on quality of and access to health care
Data
- Data Infographics
- Data Visualizations
- Data Tools
- Data Innovations
- All-Payer Claims Database
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)
- Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS)
- AHRQ Quality Indicator Tools for Data Analytics
- State Snapshots
- United States Health Information Knowledgebase (USHIK)
- Data Sources Available from AHRQ
Search All Research Studies
Topics
- Antibiotics (3)
- (-) Antimicrobial Stewardship (5)
- Elderly (1)
- Evidence-Based Practice (2)
- (-) Guidelines (5)
- Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) (3)
- Infectious Diseases (1)
- Long-Term Care (1)
- Medication (3)
- Mortality (1)
- Nursing (1)
- Nursing Homes (1)
- Outcomes (1)
- Patient Safety (2)
- Prevention (1)
- Sepsis (1)
- Surgery (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
Sign up: AHRQ Research Studies Email updates
Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 5 of 5 Research Studies DisplayedCabral SM, Harris AD, Cosgrove SE
Adherence to antimicrobial prophylaxis guidelines for elective surgeries across 825 US hospitals, 2019-2020.
This retrospective cohort study assessed adherence to surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis guidelines for elective surgeries across 825 US hospitals from 2019 to 2020. The authors looked at adults who underwent elective craniotomy, hip replacement, knee replacement, spinal procedure, or hernia repair in 2019-2020 at hospitals in the PINC AI (Premier) Healthcare Database. They evaluated adherence of prophylaxis regimes, with respect to antimicrobial agents endorsed in the American Society of Health-System Pharmacist guidelines, accounting for patient antibiotic allergy and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization status. They found that across 825 hospitals and 521,091 inpatient elective surgeries, 59% were adherent to prophylaxis guidelines. The most common reason found for nonadherence was unnecessary vancomycin use. Patients receiving cefazolin plus vancomycin had 19% higher odds of acute kidney injury (AKI) compared with patients receiving cefazolin alone.
AHRQ-funded; HS028363.
Citation: Cabral SM, Harris AD, Cosgrove SE .
Adherence to antimicrobial prophylaxis guidelines for elective surgeries across 825 US hospitals, 2019-2020.
Clin Infect Dis 2023 Jun 16; 76(12):2106-15. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciad077..
Keywords: Antimicrobial Stewardship, Antibiotics, Medication, Guidelines, Evidence-Based Practice, Surgery
Monsees EA, Tamma PD, Cosgrove SE
AHRQ Author: Miller MA
Integrating bedside nurses into antibiotic stewardship: a practical approach.
This study looked into a framework for nurses to integrate antibiotic stewardship (AS) into their clinical work with patients. The practices that nurses can take include improving antibiotic prescribing practices through appropriate obtainment of Cloistridioides difficile tests, appropriate urine culturing practices, optimal antibiotic administration, accurate and detailed documentation of antibiotic allergy histories, and through the prompting of antibiotic time outs. Barriers were also identified to engagement of nurses in AS and offered potential solutions.
AHRQ-authored; AHRQ-funded; 233201500020I.
Citation: Monsees EA, Tamma PD, Cosgrove SE .
Integrating bedside nurses into antibiotic stewardship: a practical approach.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2019 May;40(5):579-84. doi: 10.1017/ice.2018.362..
Keywords: Antibiotics, Antimicrobial Stewardship, Guidelines, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Medication, Nursing, Patient Safety
Jump RLP, Crnich CJ, Mody L
Infectious diseases in older adults of long-term care facilities: update on approach to diagnosis and management.
The diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of infectious diseases in older adults in long-term care facilities (LTCFs), particularly nursing facilities, remains a challenge for all health providers who care for this population. This review provides updated information on the currently most important challenges of infectious diseases in LTCFs. With the increasing prescribing of antibiotics in older adults, particularly in LTCFs, the topic of antibiotic stewardship is presented in this review.
AHRQ-funded; HS022465.
Citation: Jump RLP, Crnich CJ, Mody L .
Infectious diseases in older adults of long-term care facilities: update on approach to diagnosis and management.
J Am Geriatr Soc 2018 Apr;66(4):789-803. doi: 10.1111/jgs.15248.
.
.
Keywords: Elderly, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Infectious Diseases, Nursing Homes, Long-Term Care, Antimicrobial Stewardship, Antibiotics, Medication, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines
Barker AK, Ngam C, Musuuza JS
Reducing Clostridium difficile in the inpatient setting: a systematic review of the adherence to and effectiveness of C. difficile prevention bundles.
Researchers conducted a systematic review to examine the components of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) prevention bundles, their implementation processes, and their impact on CDI rates. They concluded that given the lack of randomized controlled trials in the literature, assessing a causal relationship between bundled interventions and CDI rates is currently impossible.
AHRQ-funded; HS023791.
Citation: Barker AK, Ngam C, Musuuza JS .
Reducing Clostridium difficile in the inpatient setting: a systematic review of the adherence to and effectiveness of C. difficile prevention bundles.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2017 Jun;38(6):639-50. doi: 10.1017/ice.2017.7.
.
.
Keywords: Antimicrobial Stewardship, Guidelines, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Patient Safety, Prevention
Kramer RD, Cooke CR, Liu V
Variation in the contents of sepsis bundles and quality measures. a systematic review.
The researchers sought to determine the degree of agreement on component elements of sepsis bundles and the associated timing goals for completion of each element. They also evaluated the amount of variation between metrics associated with bundles. They found that no bundle included metrics evaluating timeliness or completeness of sepsis recognition. Also, there was a lack of consensus on component elements and timing goals across highly recognized sepsis bundles.
AHRQ-funded; HS020672.
Citation: Kramer RD, Cooke CR, Liu V .
Variation in the contents of sepsis bundles and quality measures. a systematic review.
Ann Am Thorac Soc 2015 Nov;12(11):1676-84. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201503-163BC.
.
.
Keywords: Sepsis, Mortality, Guidelines, Antimicrobial Stewardship, Outcomes