National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
26 to 50 of 53 Research Studies DisplayedWerner RM, Konetzka RT, Polsky D
Changes in consumer demand following public reporting of summary quality ratings: an evaluation in nursing homes.
The study’s objective was to evaluate consumer response to summary measures in the setting of nursing homes. It found that the star rating system was associated with a significant change in consumer demand for low- and high-scoring facilities. After the star-based rating system was released, 1-star facilities typically lost 8 percent of their market share and 5-star facilities gained over 6 percent of their market share.
AHRQ-funded; HS021861.
Citation: Werner RM, Konetzka RT, Polsky D .
Changes in consumer demand following public reporting of summary quality ratings: an evaluation in nursing homes.
Health Serv Res 2016 Jun;51 Suppl 2:1291-309. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.12459.
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Keywords: Nursing Homes, Quality Indicators (QIs), Education: Patient and Caregiver
Hefele JG, Acevedo A, Nsiah-Jefferson L
Choosing a nursing home: what do consumers want to know, and do preferences vary across race/ethnicity?
The researchers sought to identify what consumers want to know about nursing homes (NHs) before choosing one and to determine whether information preferences vary across race/ethnicity. They found that participants wanted detailed information on the facility, policies, staff, and residents, such as location, staff treatment of residents, and resident conditions. Participants also wanted a sense of the NH gestalt and were interested in feedback/reviews from residents/families.
AHRQ-funded; HS021891.
Citation: Hefele JG, Acevedo A, Nsiah-Jefferson L .
Choosing a nursing home: what do consumers want to know, and do preferences vary across race/ethnicity?
Health Serv Res 2016 Jun;51 Suppl 2:1167-87. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.12457.
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Keywords: Nursing Homes, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Yun K, Paul P, Subedi P
Help-seeking behavior and health care navigation by Bhutanese refugees.
The objective of this study was to document barriers to care, help-seeking behaviors, and the impact of a community-based patient navigation intervention on patient activation levels among Bhutanese refugees in the U.S. Following the intervention, only one-third reported the lowest level of patient activation and one-third were highly activated. Bhutanese refugees overcome healthcare access barriers by seeking help from a network of support that begins within the community.
AHRQ-funded; HS021706.
Citation: Yun K, Paul P, Subedi P .
Help-seeking behavior and health care navigation by Bhutanese refugees.
J Community Health 2016 Jun;41(3):526-34. doi: 10.1007/s10900-015-0126-x.
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Keywords: Access to Care, Cultural Competence, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Health Literacy, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Karkar R, Zia J, Vilardaga R
A framework for self-experimentation in personalized health.
The authors examined an interdisciplinary and methodological framework's applicability to various health conditions and presented an initial case study with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). They concluded that using mobile technology to guide people through self-experimentation to investigate health questions is a feasible and promising approach to advancing personalized health.
AHRQ-funded; HS023654.
Citation: Karkar R, Zia J, Vilardaga R .
A framework for self-experimentation in personalized health.
J Am Med Inform Assoc 2016 May;23(3):440-8. doi: 10.1093/jamia/ocv150.
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Keywords: Education: Patient and Caregiver, Digestive Disease and Health, Health Information Technology (HIT)
Heberlein EC, Frongillo EA, Picklesimer AH
Effects of group prenatal care on food insecurity during late pregnancy and early postpartum.
The researchers compared the effects of group to individual prenatal care in late pregnancy and early postpartum on women's food security and psychosocial outcomes among food-insecure women. They found that group prenatal care provided health education and the opportunity for women to share experiences and knowledge, potentially improving food security through increasing confidence and skills in managing household food resources.
AHRQ-funded; HS021975.
Citation: Heberlein EC, Frongillo EA, Picklesimer AH .
Effects of group prenatal care on food insecurity during late pregnancy and early postpartum.
Matern Child Health J 2016 May;20(5):1014-24. doi: 10.1007/s10995-015-1886-8.
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Keywords: Pregnancy, Maternal Care, Nutrition, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Low-Income
Spatz ES, Krumholz HM, Moulton BW
The new era of informed consent: getting to a reasonable-patient standard through shared decision making.
The authors discuss a range of issues associated with shared decision making. They see it as a collaborative communication process between clinicians and patients that integrates the best evidence available with the patients’ values and preferences, to promote high-quality health care decisions.
AHRQ-funded; HS023000.
Citation: Spatz ES, Krumholz HM, Moulton BW .
The new era of informed consent: getting to a reasonable-patient standard through shared decision making.
JAMA 2016 May 17;315(19):2063-4. doi: 10.1001/jama.2016.3070..
Keywords: Clinician-Patient Communication, Communication, Shared Decision Making, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Patient and Family Engagement, Patient-Centered Healthcare
Bishop WP, Craddock Lee SJ, Skinner CS
Validity of single-item screening for limited health literacy in English and Spanish speakers.
The researchers evaluated 3 single-item screening measures for limited health literacy in a community-based population of English and Spanish speakers. They found that for English speakers, no difference was seen among the items. For Spanish speakers, "ability to read" identified inadequate literacy better than "help reading hospital materials."
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Bishop WP, Craddock Lee SJ, Skinner CS .
Validity of single-item screening for limited health literacy in English and Spanish speakers.
Am J Public Health 2016 May;106(5):889-92. doi: 10.2105/ajph.2016.303092.
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Keywords: Cultural Competence, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Health Literacy
Sadeghi B, Walling AM, Romano PS
A hospital-based advance care planning intervention for patients with heart failure: a feasibility study.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of implementing a multiple-component hospital-based intervention on completion of advance care planning (ACP) forms among heart failure (HF) patients. It concluded that a hospital-based ACP intervention using nonclinician health educators is feasible to implement and has the potential to facilitate the ACP process.
AHRQ-funded HS019311.
Citation: Sadeghi B, Walling AM, Romano PS .
A hospital-based advance care planning intervention for patients with heart failure: a feasibility study.
J Palliat Med 2016 Apr;19(4):451-5. doi: 10.1089/jpm.2015.0269.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Shared Decision Making, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Heart Disease and Health, Hospitals
Macapagal K, Greene GJ, Andrews R
Evaluating the relationship-oriented information, motivation, and behavioral skills model of HIV preventive behaviors in young men who have sex with men.
The researchers examined links among the Relationship-Oriented Information- Motivation-Behavioral Skills (RELO-IMB) model, relationship characteristics, and HIV risk in 96 young men who have sex with men (YMSM). They concluded that the RELO-IMB model can be used to understand HIV risk in relationships and points to targets for relationship-specific HIV prevention education for YMSM.
AHRQ-funded; HS000078.
Citation: Macapagal K, Greene GJ, Andrews R .
Evaluating the relationship-oriented information, motivation, and behavioral skills model of HIV preventive behaviors in young men who have sex with men.
AIDS Educ Prev 2016 Apr;28(2):165-79. doi: 10.1521/aeap.2016.28.2.165.
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Keywords: Education: Patient and Caregiver, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Prevention
Joyner BL, Oden RP, Moon RY
Reasons for pacifier use and non-use in African-Americans: does knowledge of reduced SIDS risk change parents' minds?
The authors sought to investigate African-American parental reasons for pacifier use or non-use. They recommended that providers supply information about the benefits of pacifiers and concluded that establishing for parents any plausible link between the protective mechanism of pacifiers and SIDS pathophysiology may be important in promoting pacifier use.
AHRQ-funded; HS016892.
Citation: Joyner BL, Oden RP, Moon RY .
Reasons for pacifier use and non-use in African-Americans: does knowledge of reduced SIDS risk change parents' minds?
J Immigr Minor Health 2016 Apr;18(2):402-10. doi: 10.1007/s10903-015-0206-0.
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Keywords: Education: Patient and Caregiver, Newborns/Infants, Newborns/Infants, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Risk
Konetzka RT, Perraillon MC
Use of Nursing Home Compare website appears limited by lack of awareness and initial mistrust of the data.
The researchers used a qualitative assessment of how consumers select nursing homes and of the role of information about quality, using semistructured interviews of people who recently placed a family member or friend in a nursing home. They found that consumers had a positive reaction when shown Nursing Home Compare; however, its use appeared to be limited by lack of awareness and, to some extent, initial lack of trust of the data.
AHRQ-funded; HS021877.
Citation: Konetzka RT, Perraillon MC .
Use of Nursing Home Compare website appears limited by lack of awareness and initial mistrust of the data.
Health Aff 2016 Apr;35(4):706-13. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2015.1377.
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Keywords: Nursing Homes, Public Reporting, Web-Based, Quality of Care, Education: Patient and Caregiver
Safdar N, Codispoti N, Purvis S
Patient perspectives on indwelling urinary catheter use in the hospital.
The researchers assessed patient perspectives of indwelling urinary catheters. They recommended implementing educational programs incorporating patient preferences for both health care workers and patients in order to increase the involvement of patients in decision-making regarding urinary catheters, which may lead to a decline in catheter-associated urinary tract infections.
AHRQ-funded; HS023791.
Citation: Safdar N, Codispoti N, Purvis S .
Patient perspectives on indwelling urinary catheter use in the hospital.
Am J Infect Control 2016 Mar;44(3):e23-4. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2015.10.011.
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Keywords: Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI), Education: Patient and Caregiver, Shared Decision Making, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Patient Safety
Williamson HC, Altman N, Hsueh J
Effects of relationship education on couple communication and satisfaction: a randomized controlled trial with low-income couples.
Data from the Supporting Healthy Marriage Project-a randomized, controlled trial of relationship education for couples living with low incomes were analyzed to test whether intervention effects on relationship satisfaction would be mediated by observational assessments of relationship communication. Results suggested that relationship education programs produce small improvements in relationship satisfaction and communication, particularly for couples at elevated sociodemographic risk.
AHRQ-funded; 233030034.
Citation: Williamson HC, Altman N, Hsueh J .
Effects of relationship education on couple communication and satisfaction: a randomized controlled trial with low-income couples.
J Consult Clin Psychol 2016 Feb;84(2):156-66. doi: 10.1037/ccp0000056.
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Keywords: Communication, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Low-Income, Outcomes
Masnick M, Morgan DJ, Sorkin JD
Lack of patient understanding of hospital-acquired infection data published on the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Hospital Compare Website.
This study assessed the interpretability of hospital-acquired infection (HAI) data as presented on the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Hospital Compare website among patients who might benefit from access to these data. It concluded that current public HAI data presentation methods may be inadequate. When presented with numeric HAI data, study participants incorrectly compared hospitals on the basis of HAI data in more than 40% of the responses.
AHRQ-funded; HS018111.
Citation: Masnick M, Morgan DJ, Sorkin JD .
Lack of patient understanding of hospital-acquired infection data published on the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Hospital Compare Website.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2016 Feb;37(2):182-7. doi: 10.1017/ice.2015.260.
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Keywords: Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI), Education: Patient and Caregiver, Health Literacy, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Hospitals, Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
Arcia A, Suero-Tejeda N, Bales ME
Sometimes more is more: iterative participatory design of infographics for engagement of community members with varying levels of health literacy.
The study objective was to collaborate with community members to develop tailored infographics that support comprehension of health information, engage the viewer, and may have the potential to motivate health-promoting behaviors. It concluded that carefully designed infographics can be useful tools to support comprehension and thus help patients engage with their own health data.
AHRQ-funded; HS019853; HS022961
Citation: Arcia A, Suero-Tejeda N, Bales ME .
Sometimes more is more: iterative participatory design of infographics for engagement of community members with varying levels of health literacy.
J Am Med Inform Assoc 2016 Jan;23(1):174-83. doi: 10.1093/jamia/ocv079.
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Keywords: Education: Patient and Caregiver, Health Literacy, Health Promotion, Patient and Family Engagement, Web-Based
Khanna AS, Michaels S, Skaathun B
Preexposure prophylaxis awareness and use in a population-based sample of young black men who have sex with men.
The researchers studied relevant characteristics of diverse young black men who have sex with men and their corresponding preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) engagement. Their population-based cohort study illustrated that real-world PrEP use by those with the highest HIV incidence faces major implementation challenges that require purposeful and sustained engagement with black communities inclusive of their health care providers.
AHRQ-funded; HS000084.
Citation: Khanna AS, Michaels S, Skaathun B .
Preexposure prophylaxis awareness and use in a population-based sample of young black men who have sex with men.
JAMA Intern Med 2016 Jan;176(1):136-8. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.6536..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Prevention, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Education: Patient and Caregiver
Kuntz JL, Safford MM, Singh JA
Patient-centered interventions to improve medication management and adherence: a qualitative review of research findings.
This review reports the current state of scientific research around interventions to improve medication management through four patient-centered domains. Out of 60 studies, the authors found the following types of intervention: patient education, augmented pharmacy services, decision aids, shared decision-making, and clinical review of patient adherence. They were unable to determine whether these interventions were more effective than traditional medication adherence interventions.
AHRQ-funded; HS021107.
Citation: Kuntz JL, Safford MM, Singh JA .
Patient-centered interventions to improve medication management and adherence: a qualitative review of research findings.
Patient Educ Couns 2014 Dec;97(3):310-26. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2014.08.021.
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Keywords: Education: Patient and Caregiver, Shared Decision Making, Medication, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Patient-Centered Healthcare
Rodrigue JR, Fleishman A, Fitzpatrick S
Organ donation knowledge, willingness, and beliefs of motor vehicle clerks.
This study assessed the donation knowledge, willingness, and beliefs of MV clerks and their association with demographic characteristics. It found that most clerks believed that people should register as organ donors. Whites and already registered donors were more likely than minorities and nonregistered clerks to believe others should register as donors.
AHRQ-funded; HS022061; HS024204.
Citation: Rodrigue JR, Fleishman A, Fitzpatrick S .
Organ donation knowledge, willingness, and beliefs of motor vehicle clerks.
Transplantation 2014 Nov 27;98(10):1025-8. doi: 10.1097/tp.0000000000000424..
Keywords: Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Registries, Education: Patient and Caregiver
Mitchell SE, Mako M, Sadikova E
The comparative experiences of women in control: diabetes self-management education in a virtual world.
The investigators characterized participants' experiences of a diabetes self-management (DSM) education program delivered via a virtual world (VW) versus a face-to-face (F2F) format. They found that VW and F2F groups both reported mastery of DSM knowledge, attitudes, and skills, and there were no differences in peer-derived social support between groups. The technological aspects of VW participation afforded VW participants a unique sense of personal agency and diabetes self-efficacy not reported by F2F participants. They concluded that DSM education in a VW is feasible and educational outcomes are similar to a F2F classroom experience.
AHRQ-funded; HS019771.
Citation: Mitchell SE, Mako M, Sadikova E .
The comparative experiences of women in control: diabetes self-management education in a virtual world.
J Diabetes Sci Technol 2014 Nov;8(6):1185-92. doi: 10.1177/1932296814549829.
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Keywords: Education: Patient and Caregiver, Diabetes, Health Promotion, Patient Self-Management
Damberg CL, McNamara P
AHRQ Author: McNamara P
Postscript: research agenda to guide the next generation of public reports for consumers.
The authors identified five areas for additional public reporting tools research that, if addressed, could foster better design and delivery of quality and cost information to consumers.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Damberg CL, McNamara P .
Postscript: research agenda to guide the next generation of public reports for consumers.
Med Care Res Rev 2014 Oct;71(5 Suppl):97s-107s. doi: 10.1177/1077558714535982.
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Keywords: Education: Patient and Caregiver, Shared Decision Making, Quality of Care, Health Services Research (HSR), Public Reporting
Hussey PS, Luft HS, McNamara P
AHRQ Author: McNamara P
Public reporting of provider performance at a crossroads in the United States: summary of current barriers and recommendations on how to move forward.
The authors presented a vision statement and 10 recommendations for public reports to achieve their potential for engaging and informing consumers.
AHRQ-authored; AHRQ-funded.
Citation: Hussey PS, Luft HS, McNamara P .
Public reporting of provider performance at a crossroads in the United States: summary of current barriers and recommendations on how to move forward.
Med Care Res Rev 2014 Oct;71(5 Suppl):5s-16s. doi: 10.1177/1077558714535980.
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Keywords: Education: Patient and Caregiver, Quality of Care, Provider: Health Personnel, Provider Performance, Public Reporting
Eden KB, Perrin NA, Vesco KK
A randomized comparative trial of two decision tools for pregnant women with prior cesareans.
The authors evaluated tools to help pregnant women with prior cesareans make informed decisions about having trials of labor. They found that women in both groups felt more informed, were more clear about their birth priorities, felt more supported, and overall reported less conflict after receiving either intervention.
AHRQ-funded; HS011338; HS013959.
Citation: Eden KB, Perrin NA, Vesco KK .
A randomized comparative trial of two decision tools for pregnant women with prior cesareans.
J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs 2014 Sep-Oct;43(5):568-79. doi: 10.1111/1552-6909.12485.
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Keywords: Education: Patient and Caregiver, Shared Decision Making, Labor and Delivery, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Robinson MN, Tansil KA, Elder RW
AHRQ Author: Miller T
Mass media health communication campaigns combined with health-related product distribution: a community guide systematic review.
The researchers conducted a systematic review to evaluate the effectiveness of health communication campaigns that use multiple channels, including mass media, and distribute health-related products. They concluded that health communication campaigns that combine mass media and other communication channels with distribution of free or reduced-price health-related products are effective in improving healthy behaviors. They expect this intervention to be applicable across U.S. demographic groups, with appropriate population targeting.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Robinson MN, Tansil KA, Elder RW .
Mass media health communication campaigns combined with health-related product distribution: a community guide systematic review.
Am J Prev Med 2014 Sep;47(3):360-71. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2014.05.034.
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Keywords: Communication, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Health Promotion, Lifestyle Changes, Social Media, Tobacco Use
Lee YJ, Boden-Albala B, Larson E
Online health information seeking behaviors of Hispanics in New York City: a community-based cross-sectional study.
The authors examined factors associated with online health-information-seeking behaviors (HISBs) of the Hispanic population. This large survey identified factors meriting closer examination, such as cultural context. Health care providers and policymakers need to understand the cultural context of this population and develop informatics-based interventions to improve their health.
AHRQ-funded; HS019853; HS022961
Citation: Lee YJ, Boden-Albala B, Larson E .
Online health information seeking behaviors of Hispanics in New York City: a community-based cross-sectional study.
J Med Internet Res. 2014 Jul 22;16(7):e176. doi: 10.2196/jmir.3499..
Keywords: Education: Patient and Caregiver, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Web-Based
Klann JG, Buck MD, Brown J
Query Health: standards-based, cross-platform population health surveillance.
The Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology (ONC) Query Health Initiative is a collaboration to develop a national architecture for distributed, population-level health queries across diverse clinical systems with disparate data models. The authors review Query Health activities, including a standards-based methodology, an open-source reference implementation, and three pilot projects.
AHRQ-funded; HS019912.
Citation: Klann JG, Buck MD, Brown J .
Query Health: standards-based, cross-platform population health surveillance.
J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2014 Jul-Aug;21(4):650-6. doi: 10.1136/amiajnl-2014-002707..
Keywords: Public Health, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Health Information Technology (HIT)