National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
Latest available findings on quality of and access to health care
Data
- Data Infographics
- Data Visualizations
- Data Tools
- Data Innovations
- All-Payer Claims Database
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)
- Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS)
- AHRQ Quality Indicator Tools for Data Analytics
- State Snapshots
- United States Health Information Knowledgebase (USHIK)
- Data Sources Available from AHRQ
Search All Research Studies
AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Adverse Events (2)
- Arthritis (1)
- Dementia (2)
- Diabetes (1)
- (-) Elderly (12)
- Electronic Health Records (EHRs) (2)
- Emergency Department (2)
- Falls (2)
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) (1)
- Healthcare Utilization (2)
- Health Information Technology (HIT) (2)
- Health Status (2)
- Heart Disease and Health (2)
- Hospitalization (1)
- Injuries and Wounds (2)
- Intensive Care Unit (ICU) (1)
- Long-Term Care (1)
- Men's Health (1)
- Neurological Disorders (1)
- Nursing Homes (2)
- Nutrition (1)
- Obesity (1)
- Outcomes (1)
- Palliative Care (1)
- Patient Safety (1)
- Prevention (1)
- Respiratory Conditions (1)
- (-) Risk (12)
- Shared Decision Making (1)
- Social Determinants of Health (1)
- Surgery (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
Sign up: AHRQ Research Studies Email updates
Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 12 of 12 Research Studies DisplayedMarcum ZA, Walker R, Bobb JF
Serum cholesterol and incident Alzheimer's disease: findings from the adult changes in thought study.
The purpose of this prospective population-based cohort study was to evaluate associations between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) and non-HDL-C levels at specific ages and subsequent Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk. The investigators concluded that people with low (120 mg/dL) and high (210 mg/dL) non-HDL-C levels during their 60s and 70s had modestly higher risk of AD than those with intermediate (160 mg/dL) levels.
AHRQ-funded; HS022982.
Citation: Marcum ZA, Walker R, Bobb JF .
Serum cholesterol and incident Alzheimer's disease: findings from the adult changes in thought study.
J Am Geriatr Soc 2018 Dec;66(12):2344-52. doi: 10.1111/jgs.15581..
Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Dementia, Elderly, Risk
Noureldin M, Hass Z, Abrahamson K
Fall risk, supports and services, and falls following a nursing home discharge.
The purpose of this study was to examine whether the presence of supports and services have an impact on the relationship between fall-related risk factors and fall occurrence following a nursing-home discharge. The study sample was comprised of 1459 participants in the Minnesota Return to Community Initiative, who had been assisted in achieving a community discharge; 15 percent of participants fell within 30 days of nursing-home discharge. A structural equation model was used to determine relationship between emerging latent variables and falls. Results indicated that use of high-risk medications and fall concerns/history had a direct, positive effect on falling. Receiving supports/services did not have a direct effect on falls, but the authors note that it reduced the effect of high-risk medication use on falling.
AHRQ-funded; HS020224.
Citation: Noureldin M, Hass Z, Abrahamson K .
Fall risk, supports and services, and falls following a nursing home discharge.
Gerontologist 2018 Nov 3;58(6):1075-84. doi: 10.1093/geront/gnx133..
Keywords: Adverse Events, Elderly, Falls, Nursing Homes, Risk
Dworsky JQ, Childers CP, Maggard-Gibbons M
High-risk colorectal surgery: what are the outcomes for geriatric patients?
This study examines the national burden and age-specific outcomes of previously defined high-risk colorectal procedures (HRCP) in geriatric patients using the 2014 National Inpatient Sample. The authors found that outcomes after HRCP are worse for older patients and for nonelective cases. They suggest that this information can inform preoperative counseling and targeted quality improvement projects.
AHRQ-funded; HS000046.
Citation: Dworsky JQ, Childers CP, Maggard-Gibbons M .
High-risk colorectal surgery: what are the outcomes for geriatric patients?
Am Surg 2018 Oct;84(10):1650-54..
Keywords: Elderly, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Outcomes, Risk, Surgery
Satchidanand N, Servoss TJ, Singh R
Development of a risk tool to support discussions of care for older adults admitted to the ICU with pneumonia.
The purpose of this study was to develop a 30-day mortality prediction tool for older patients in intensive care unit (ICU) with pneumonia that will initiate palliative care earlier in hospital course. The authors suggest that their risk tool can help care teams make more informed decisions among care options by identifying a patient group for whom a careful review of goals of care is indicated both during and after hospitalization.
AHRQ-funded; HS023656.
Citation: Satchidanand N, Servoss TJ, Singh R .
Development of a risk tool to support discussions of care for older adults admitted to the ICU with pneumonia.
Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2018 Sep;35(9):1201-06. doi: 10.1177/1049909118764093..
Keywords: Shared Decision Making, Elderly, Health Status, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Palliative Care, Risk
Lee AK, Rawlings AM, Lee CJ
Severe hypoglycaemia, mild cognitive impairment, dementia and brain volumes in older adults with type 2 diabetes: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) cohort study.
In this study, the investigators aimed to evaluate the link between severe hypoglycaemia and domain-specific cognitive decline, smaller brain volumes and dementia in adults with type 2 diabetes. The investigators concluded that their results demonstrated a strong link between severe hypoglycaemia and poor cognitive outcomes, suggesting a need for discussion of appropriate diabetes treatments for high-risk older adults.
AHRQ-funded; HS018542.
Citation: Lee AK, Rawlings AM, Lee CJ .
Severe hypoglycaemia, mild cognitive impairment, dementia and brain volumes in older adults with type 2 diabetes: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) cohort study.
Diabetologia 2018 Sep;61(9):1956-65. doi: 10.1007/s00125-018-4668-1..
Keywords: Dementia, Diabetes, Elderly, Neurological Disorders, Risk
Chaaban MR, Zhang D, Resto V
Factors influencing recurrent emergency department visits for epistaxis in the elderly.
The objective of the study was to determine the risk factors associated with recurrent epistaxis requiring emergency department (ED) visits in the elderly. The investigators concluded that additional ED visits for epistaxis were more common in the elderly and in males. Congestive heart failure, diabetes mellitus and obstructive sleep apnea were found to be independent risk factors.
AHRQ-funded; HS022134.
Citation: Chaaban MR, Zhang D, Resto V .
Factors influencing recurrent emergency department visits for epistaxis in the elderly.
Auris Nasus Larynx 2018 Aug;45(4):760-64. doi: 10.1016/j.anl.2017.11.010..
Keywords: Elderly, Emergency Department, Risk, Respiratory Conditions, Healthcare Utilization
Berry SD, Zullo AR, Lee Y
Fracture Risk Assessment in Long-term Care (FRAiL): development and validation of a prediction model.
This paper’s objective was to develop and validate a model, Fracture Risk Assessment in Long-term Care (FRAiL) to predict the 2-year risk of hip fracture in nursing home (NH) residents using readily available clinical characteristics. The FRAiL model was developed specifically to identify NH residents at greatest risk for hip fracture, and results identified a different pattern of risk factors compared with community models. This practical model could be used to screen NH residents for fracture risk and to target intervention strategies.
AHRQ-funded; HS022998.
Citation: Berry SD, Zullo AR, Lee Y .
Fracture Risk Assessment in Long-term Care (FRAiL): development and validation of a prediction model.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2018 May 9;73(6):763-69. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glx147.
.
.
Keywords: Elderly, Injuries and Wounds, Long-Term Care, Nursing Homes, Risk
Patterson BW, Repplinger MD, Pulia MS
Using the Hendrich II Inpatient Fall Risk Screen to predict outpatient falls after emergency department visits.
This study examined the utility of using the Hendrich II Inpatient Fall Risk Screen to predict outpatient falls in elderly patients after emergency department (ED) visits. Individuals aged 65 and older seen in the ED from January 2013 to September 30, 2015 participated in the study. The Hendrich II screen was found to correlate with outpatient falls, but it is likely it would have little utility as a stand-alone fall screen. When the screen was combined with other potential confounders or predictors, the screen performed much better.
AHRQ-funded; HS024558.
Citation: Patterson BW, Repplinger MD, Pulia MS .
Using the Hendrich II Inpatient Fall Risk Screen to predict outpatient falls after emergency department visits.
J Am Geriatr Soc 2018 Apr;66(4):760-65. doi: 10.1111/jgs.15299..
Keywords: Elderly, Falls, Risk, Emergency Department, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Prevention, Patient Safety, Adverse Events
Buys DR, Kennedy RE, Williams CP
Social and demographic predictors of nutritional risk: cross-sectional analyses from the UAB Study of Aging II.
Social factors may disparately affect access to food and nutritional risk among older adults by race and gender. This study assesses these associations using the Mini Nutritional Assessment among 414 community-dwelling persons 75+ years of age in Alabama. Multivariable analyses indicated that social factors affect nutritional risk differently by race and gender. Nutritional risk interventions are warranted for older adults.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Buys DR, Kennedy RE, Williams CP .
Social and demographic predictors of nutritional risk: cross-sectional analyses from the UAB Study of Aging II.
Fam Community Health 2018 Apr/Jun;41 Suppl 2 Suppl, Food Insecurity and Obesity:S33-s45. doi: 10.1097/fch.0000000000000180.
.
.
Keywords: Elderly, Nutrition, Obesity, Risk, Social Determinants of Health
Wright NC, Hooker ER, Nielson CM
The epidemiology of wrist fractures in older men: the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) study.
The goal of this study was to calculate the frequency of and to identify risk factors for wrist fracture in the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) study. The researchers identified incident wrist fractures in men aged 65 or older. Potential risk factors included demographics, lifestyle, bone mineral density, selected medications, biomarkers, and physical function and performance measures. The researcher confirmed that fracture history and certain medications are predictors, and also identified novel predictors such as markers of kidney function and an inability to perform the grip strength test. They did not find associations with factors commonly associated with wrist and other osteoporosis fractures such as falls, diabetes, calcium and vitamin D intake, or alcohol intake.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Wright NC, Hooker ER, Nielson CM .
The epidemiology of wrist fractures in older men: the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) study.
Osteoporos Int 2018 Apr;29(4):859-70. doi: 10.1007/s00198-017-4349-9..
Keywords: Arthritis, Elderly, Injuries and Wounds, Men's Health, Risk
Kan HJ, Kharrazi H, Leff B
Defining and assessing geriatric risk factors and associated health care utilization among older adults using claims and electronic health records.
This study used electronic health records (EHRs) to identify patients with factors associated with geriatric risk for hospitalization among older adults. Prevalence was estimated using claims, structured EHRs, and unstructured EHRs. Odds were calculated on the occurrence of hospitalizations for patients with 1 or 2 and greater risk factors.
AHRQ-funded; HS000029.
Citation: Kan HJ, Kharrazi H, Leff B .
Defining and assessing geriatric risk factors and associated health care utilization among older adults using claims and electronic health records.
Med Care 2018 Mar;56(3):233-39. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000000865..
Keywords: Elderly, Hospitalization, Healthcare Utilization, Risk, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT)
Sterling MR, Lin FR, Jannat-Khah DP
Hearing loss among older adults with heart failure in the United States: data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
The researchers examined the prevalence and correlates of hearing loss among older adults with and without heart failure (HF) in the United States. Overall, 75 percent of adults 70 years or older with HF have hearing loss. Although hearing loss was more common among adults with HF compared with those without it, HF was not independently associated with hearing loss after accounting for demographic and clinical characteristics.
AHRQ-funded; HS000066.
Citation: Sterling MR, Lin FR, Jannat-Khah DP .
Hearing loss among older adults with heart failure in the United States: data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2018 Mar;144(3):273-75. doi: 10.1001/jamaoto.2017.2979.
.
.
Keywords: Elderly, Health Status, Heart Disease and Health, Risk