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AHRQ Research Studies Date
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 12 of 12 Research Studies DisplayedHashemi-Arend A, Vasquez KS, Guishard D
Implementing DASH-aligned meals and Self-Measured Blood Pressure to reduce hypertension at senior centers: a RE-AIM analysis.
Investigators implemented two evidence-based interventions not previously tested in senior centers, DASH-aligned congregate meals and Self-Measured Blood Pressure (SMBP), to lower blood pressure (BP) at two senior centers serving low-income, racially diverse communities. Using the RE-AIM framework to analyze implementation, they found that change in systolic BP at Month 1 trended towards significance and change in SMBP reached significance at Month 6; food costs increased by 10%. They concluded that this RE-AIM analysis highlighted the acceptability, feasibility, and fidelity of this DASH/SMBP health intervention to lower BP at senior centers.
AHRQ-funded; HS021667.
Citation: Hashemi-Arend A, Vasquez KS, Guishard D .
Implementing DASH-aligned meals and Self-Measured Blood Pressure to reduce hypertension at senior centers: a RE-AIM analysis.
Nutrients 2022 Nov 18;14(22):4890. doi: 10.3390/nu14224890..
Keywords: Blood Pressure, Patient Self-Management, Elderly, Nutrition, Lifestyle Changes
Sneed NM, Azuero A, Morrison SA
Prediabetes awareness is not associated with lower consumption of self-reported added sugar in U.S. adults.
This study examined whether prediabetes awareness is associated with lower consumption of self-reported added sugar in US adults 20 years and older. Cross-sectional data for 3314 adults with prediabetes were analyzed from 2013-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. Among 3314 adults, 528 reported being aware and 2786 were unaware of their condition. Prediabetes awareness was not significantly associated with added sugar consumption with no differences for age, sex, or race/Hispanic origin.
AHRQ-funded; HS026122.
Citation: Sneed NM, Azuero A, Morrison SA .
Prediabetes awareness is not associated with lower consumption of self-reported added sugar in U.S. adults.
Ann Epidemiol 2022 Nov;75:21-24. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2022.08.039..
Keywords: Diabetes, Chronic Conditions, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Nutrition, Health Promotion
Harris S, Inoue S
AHRQ Author: Harris S
Behavioral counseling interventions to promote a healthy diet and physical activity for CVD prevention in adults without CVD risk factors.
In this Putting Prevention into Practice case study to increase understanding of the USPSTF final recommendation on behavioral counseling interventions to promote a healthy diet and physical activity for CVD prevention in adults without CVD risk factors, a 49-year old patient presents for a wellness visit. The patient’s vital signs are described as well as their daily habits, diet, and other medical history. Three multiple-choice questions are presented regarding risk factors, interventions to be recommended, and the benefits of behavioral counseling to promote a healthy diet and physical activity, followed by their answers.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Harris S, Inoue S .
Behavioral counseling interventions to promote a healthy diet and physical activity for CVD prevention in adults without CVD risk factors.
Am Fam Physician 2022 Oct;106(4):439-40..
Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Prevention, Nutrition, Lifestyle Changes
Venkataramani M, Ogunwole SM, Caulfield LE
Maternal, infant, and child health outcomes associated with the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children: a systematic review.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether WIC participation was associated with improved maternal, neonatal-birth, and infant-child health outcomes or differences in outcomes by subgroups and WIC enrollment duration. Findings showed moderate strength of evidence (SOE) that maternal WIC participation during pregnancy is likely associated with lower risk for preterm birth, low birthweight infants, and infant mortality; low SOE that maternal WIC participation may be associated with a lower likelihood of inadequate gestational weight gain, as well as increased well-child visits and childhood immunizations; and low SOE that child WIC participation may be associated with increased childhood immunizations. Further, findings showed low SOE for differences in some outcomes by race and ethnicity but insufficient evidence for differences by WIC enrollment duration.
AHRQ-funded; 75Q80120D00003.
Citation: Venkataramani M, Ogunwole SM, Caulfield LE .
Maternal, infant, and child health outcomes associated with the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children: a systematic review.
pediatric pediatrics food.
Keywords: Newborns/Infants, Children/Adolescents, Women, Maternal Care, Outcomes, Nutrition
Gupta N, Patel HD, Taylor J
Systematic review of the impact of a plant-based diet on prostate cancer incidence and outcomes.
The objective of this study was to perform a systematic review of plant-based diets and prostate cancer. Findings showed that interventional studies displayed generally favorable results of lifestyle modifications incorporating a plant-based diet with prostate cancer outcomes as well as improvements in nutrition and general health. Further, observational studies demonstrated either a lower risk of prostate cancer or no significant difference.
AHRQ-funded; HS026120.
Citation: Gupta N, Patel HD, Taylor J .
Systematic review of the impact of a plant-based diet on prostate cancer incidence and outcomes.
Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2022 Sep;25(3):444-52. doi: 10.1038/s41391-022-00553-2..
Keywords: Cancer: Prostate Cancer, Cancer, Evidence-Based Practice, Nutrition, Outcomes
Wang HS, Panagides J, Cahill D
Dietary risk factors for pediatric kidney stones: a case-control study.
This study’s objective was to perform a case-control study of the association of dietary nutrients with pediatric urolithiasis. Researchers obtained dietary information from pediatric urolithiasis patients and healthy controls; survey results were converted to standard nutrient intakes. Findings showed that higher dietary intake of calcium, sodium, and beta carotene, and lower potassium intake were associated with pediatric urolithiasis.
AHRQ-funded; HS000063.
Citation: Wang HS, Panagides J, Cahill D .
Dietary risk factors for pediatric kidney stones: a case-control study.
J Urol 2022 Aug;208(2):434-40. doi: 10.1097/ju.0000000000002687..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Nutrition, Kidney Disease and Health, Risk
Hashemi A, Vasquez K, Guishard D
Implementing dash-aligned congregate meals and self-measured blood pressure in two senior centers: An open label study.
This study tested whether implementing two evidence-based interventions--DASH-aligned meals provided through an existing congregate meal program, and support for home Self-Measured Blood Pressure (SMBP) monitoring--lowers blood pressure among participants at two senior centers serving low-income, racially diverse communities. Participants were clients aged ≥60, eating ≥4 meals/week at two NYC senior centers. They received DASH-aligned congregate meals, and training in nutrition, BP management education, and personal SMBP device. Primary outcomes was a) change in systolic BP measured by independent health professionals, and b) change in percent with "controlled BP" (Eighth Joint National Committee (JNC-8) Guidelines), at Month 1 compared to Baseline. The authors enrolled 94 participants, with COVID closures interrupting implementation mid-study. Mean systolic BP at Month-1 changed by -4.41 mmHg compared to Baseline. Participants with controlled BP increased at Month 1 and changes in mean BP at Month 1 was significantly correlated with BMI, age, and baseline BP. Mean systolic mean SMBP changed by -6.9 mmHg at Months 5/6.
AHRQ-funded; HS021667.
Citation: Hashemi A, Vasquez K, Guishard D .
Implementing dash-aligned congregate meals and self-measured blood pressure in two senior centers: An open label study.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022 Aug;32(8):1998-2009. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.05.018..
Keywords: Elderly, Blood Pressure, Community-Based Practice, Patient Self-Management, Nutrition, Lifestyle Changes, Vulnerable Populations
Wallace DD, Barrington C, Albrecht S
The role of stress responses on engagement in dietary and physical activity behaviors among Latino adults living with prediabetes.
This study used qualitative methods to understand how Latinos with prediabetes attempted to modify their diet and physical activity behaviors to slow type-2 diabetes progression and how stress affected their engagement in these behaviors. Findings showed that stress affected behavioral and cognitive progresses that adversely altered primarily dietary behaviors.
AHRQ-funded; HS000032.
Citation: Wallace DD, Barrington C, Albrecht S .
The role of stress responses on engagement in dietary and physical activity behaviors among Latino adults living with prediabetes.
Ethn Health 2022 Aug;27(6):1395-409. doi: 10.1080/13557858.2021.1880549..
Keywords: Stress, Nutrition, Lifestyle Changes, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Diabetes, Chronic Conditions
Patnode CD, Redmond N, Iacocca MO
Behavioral counseling interventions to promote a healthy diet and physical activity for cardiovascular disease prevention in adults without known cardiovascular disease risk factors: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Serv
This paper’s objective was to synthesize the evidence on benefits and harms of behavioral counseling interventions to promote a healthy diet and physical activity in adults without known cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors to inform a USPSTF recommendation. Findings showed that healthy diet and physical activity behavioral counseling interventions for persons without a known risk of CVD were associated with small but statistically significant benefits across a variety of important intermediate health outcomes and small to moderate effects on dietary and physical activity behaviors.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500007I.
Citation: Patnode CD, Redmond N, Iacocca MO .
Behavioral counseling interventions to promote a healthy diet and physical activity for cardiovascular disease prevention in adults without known cardiovascular disease risk factors: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Serv
JAMA 2022 Jul 26;328(4):375-88. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.7408..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Lifestyle Changes, Cardiovascular Conditions, Risk, Prevention, Nutrition
Uhl S, Siddique SM, Bloschichak A
Interventions for malnutrition in hospitalized adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
The purpose of this review of existing research was to evaluate the effectiveness of hospital-initiated interventions for patients with malnutrition. The study found 11 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated 2 types of interventions: 1) specialized nutrition care, and 2) increased protein provision, with moderate evidence in pooled findings that specialized nutrition care and increased protein provision reduced mortality by 21%. Decrease in length of stay was not significant. The researchers concluded that in patients at risk for or diagnosed with malnutrition, specialized nutrition care and increased protein provision reduced mortality.
AHRQ-funded; 75Q80120D00002.
Citation: Uhl S, Siddique SM, Bloschichak A .
Interventions for malnutrition in hospitalized adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
J Hosp Med 2022 Jul;17(7):556-64. doi: 10.1002/jhm.12891..
Keywords: Nutrition, Inpatient Care, Treatments
Cha P, Escarce JJ
The Affordable Care Act Medicaid expansion: a difference-in-differences study of spillover participation in SNAP.
Medicaid expansion through the Affordable Care Act increased access to insurance coverage to adults under 138% of the federal poverty level and connected individuals to SNAP (the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Food Program – formerly the Food Stamp Program). The purpose of this study was to estimate the effect of Medicaid expansion on SNAP participation among 414,000 individuals across the U.S. The study found that there was a 2.9% increase in SNAP participation produced by Medicaid expansion among individuals living under 138% of the federal poverty level. In subgroup analyses the researchers discovered a 5% increase in households without children below 75% of the federal poverty level, and an increase in SNAP households with zero dollars in income. The study concluded that the impact of the Medicaid expansion on access to SNAP participation was the greatest in very-low-income individuals, and that the impact of Medicaid expansion reaches beyond healthcare by increasing access to other supports like food which is a social determinant of health.
AHRQ-funded; HS000046.
Citation: Cha P, Escarce JJ .
The Affordable Care Act Medicaid expansion: a difference-in-differences study of spillover participation in SNAP.
PLoS One 2022 May 4;17(5):e0267244. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267244..
Keywords: Medicaid, Nutrition, Low-Income, Health Insurance
Ong T, Onchiri FM, Britto MT
Impact of guideline-recommended dietitian assessments on weight gain in infants with cystic fibrosis.
This study’s purpose was to characterize nutrition management for infants with cystic fibrosis (CF) with inadequate weight gain and to assess association of dietitian assessments and center-level weight-for-age Z-scores (WAZ). Encounter data from 226 infants was used from across 28 US CF Centers from the Baby Observational Nutritional study between January 2012 through December 2017. The authors identified dietitian assessments and consensus guideline-recommended responses to inadequate weight gain: calorie increases, pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT) increases, or shortened time to next visit. They compared center assessments by funnel plot and summarized median WAZ by center. Of 2,527 visits, 808 visits had identified inadequate weight gain, distributed in 216 infants. Assessments occurred in 77% of visits but varied widely between centers (range 17% - 98%). They used funnel plot analysis to identify high-performers for frequent dietitian assessments (range 92% - 98%) and 4 under-performers (range 17% - 56%). High-performers treated inadequate weight gain more often with adequate calories (80% vs 52%) and closer follow-up (63% vs 49%) compared to underperformers. Three of 4 high-performing sites met center nutrition goals for positive median WAZ at 2 years old unlike 3 under-performers, despite similar patient characteristics.
AHRQ-funded; HS026393.
Citation: Ong T, Onchiri FM, Britto MT .
Impact of guideline-recommended dietitian assessments on weight gain in infants with cystic fibrosis.
J Cyst Fibros 2022 Jan; 21(1):115-22. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2021.08.005..
Keywords: Newborns/Infants, Respiratory Conditions, Chronic Conditions, Nutrition, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines