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- (-) Cancer (8)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 8 of 8 Research Studies DisplayedPapaleontiou M, Norton EC, Reyes-Gastelum D
Competing causes of death in older adults with thyroid cancer.
Understanding the impact of comorbidities and competing risks of death when caring for older adults with thyroid cancer is key for personalized management. The objective of this study was to determine whether older adults with thyroid cancer are more likely to die from thyroid cancer or other etiologies and determine patient factors associated with each.
AHRQ-funded; HS024512.
Citation: Papaleontiou M, Norton EC, Reyes-Gastelum D .
Competing causes of death in older adults with thyroid cancer.
Thyroid 2021 Sep;31(9):1359-65. doi: 10.1089/thy.2020.0929..
Keywords: Elderly, Cancer, Mortality
Garcia-Albeniz X, Hernan MA, Logan RW
Continuation of annual screening mammography and breast cancer mortality in women older than 70 years.
This study examined whether discontinuing annual mammography screening in women older than 70 years results in an increased 8-year breast cancer mortality. The researchers used data from the Medicare program and looked at over 1 million beneficiaries aged 70 to 84 who had no previous breast cancer diagnosis, and who underwent screening mammography from 2000 to 20008. The 8-year risk difference for women aged 70 to 74 years was -1.0 death per 1000 women and for women aged 75 to 84 years it was 0.07. Neither of these show substantial reductions in 8-year breast cancer mortality compared with stopping screening.
AHRQ-funded; HS023128.
Citation: Garcia-Albeniz X, Hernan MA, Logan RW .
Continuation of annual screening mammography and breast cancer mortality in women older than 70 years.
Ann Intern Med 2020 Mar 17;172(6):381-89. doi: 10.7326/m18-1199..
Keywords: Cancer: Breast Cancer, Cancer, Screening, Prevention, Women, Elderly, Mortality
Park JS, Bateni SB, Bold RJ
The modified frailty index to predict morbidity and mortality for retroperitoneal sarcoma resections.
The researchers performed a retrospective analysis of patients with a diagnosis of primary malignant retroperitoneal neoplasm who underwent surgical resection. The modified frailty index (mFI) was calculated according to standard published methods. Their data demonstrate that the majority of patients undergoing retroperitoneal sarcoma resections have few, if any, comorbidities. The mFI was a limited predictor of overall and serious complications and was not a significant predictor of mortality.
AHRQ-funded; HS022236.
Citation: Park JS, Bateni SB, Bold RJ .
The modified frailty index to predict morbidity and mortality for retroperitoneal sarcoma resections.
J Surg Res 2017 Sep;217:191-97. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2017.05.025.
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Keywords: Cancer, Elderly, Health Status, Mortality, Risk
Palta P, Huang ES, Kalyani RR
Hemoglobin A1c and mortality in older adults with and without diabetes: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (1988-2011).
In this paper, the investigators sought to estimate the risk of mortality by HbA1c levels among older adults with and without diabetes. They concluded that an HbA1c >8.0% was associated with increased risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality in older adults with diabetes. The investigators suggest that their results support the idea that better glycemic control is important for reducing mortality; however, they also indicate that there is a need for individualized glycemic targets for older adults with diabetes depending on their demographics, duration of diabetes, and existing comorbidities.
AHRQ-funded; HS018542.
Citation: Palta P, Huang ES, Kalyani RR .
Hemoglobin A1c and mortality in older adults with and without diabetes: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (1988-2011).
Diabetes Care 2017 Apr;40(4):453-60. doi: 10.2337/dci16-0042.
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Keywords: Cancer, Cardiovascular Conditions, Diabetes, Elderly, Mortality, Risk
Vemana G, Kim EH, Bhayani SB
Survival comparison between endoscopic and surgical management for patients with upper tract urothelial cancer: a matched propensity score analysis using surveillance, epidemiology and end results-Medicare data.
The researchers sought to determine survival differences among patients receiving endoscopic vs surgical management for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). They found that although initial survival outcomes are similar for endoscopic and surgical management of nonmuscle-invasive, low-grade UTUC, both cancer-specific survival and overall survival are significantly inferior for the endoscopic management group in the longer term. They also found that transition from initial endoscopic management to surgical intervention appears to have limited impact on survival.
AHRQ-funded; HS019455.
Citation: Vemana G, Kim EH, Bhayani SB .
Survival comparison between endoscopic and surgical management for patients with upper tract urothelial cancer: a matched propensity score analysis using surveillance, epidemiology and end results-Medicare data.
Urology 2016 Sep;95:115-20. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2016.05.033.
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Keywords: Cancer, Comparative Effectiveness, Elderly, Mortality, Surgery
Banerjee M, Lao CD, Wancata LM
Implications of age and conditional survival estimates for patients with melanoma.
This study identified newly diagnosed cutaneous melanoma patients and estimated conditional 5-year survival. Over time, conditional survival estimates improved for older patients with localized and regional disease. Understanding the conditional 5-year disease-specific survival of melanoma based on age and stage can help patients and physicians, informing decision-making about treatment and surveillance.
AHRQ-funded; HS020937.
Citation: Banerjee M, Lao CD, Wancata LM .
Implications of age and conditional survival estimates for patients with melanoma.
Melanoma Res 2016 Feb;26(1):77-82. doi: 10.1097/cmr.0000000000000213.
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Keywords: Elderly, Cancer: Skin Cancer, Cancer, Mortality, Skin Conditions
Ning J, Peng S, Ueno N
Has racial difference in cause-specific death improved in older patients with late-stage breast cancer?
The researchers evaluated factors associated with overall, breast cancer-specific and other-cause mortalities using contemporary population data. They concluded that breast cancer-specific mortality among older women modestly improved from 2002 to 2009 across all races, but not other-cause mortality. Racial disparity in mortality persisted, but did not widen in this period.
AHRQ-funded; HS002026.
Citation: Ning J, Peng S, Ueno N .
Has racial difference in cause-specific death improved in older patients with late-stage breast cancer?
Ann Oncol 2015 Oct;26(10):2161-8. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdv330.
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Keywords: Cancer, Cancer: Breast Cancer, Elderly, Mortality, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Arvold ND, Wang Y, Zigler C
Hospitalization burden and survival among older glioblastoma patients.
The researchers performed a retrospective cohort study among patients aged 65 years and older with glioblastoma diagnosed between 1999 and 2007. They found that higher comorbidity score and black race were associated with an increased risk of being hospitalized for at least 25% of remaining life, whereas radiation, temozolomide, and extensive surgery were associated with a decreased risk.
AHRQ-funded; HS021991.
Citation: Arvold ND, Wang Y, Zigler C .
Hospitalization burden and survival among older glioblastoma patients.
Neuro Oncol 2014 Nov;16(11):1530-40. doi: 10.1093/neuonc/nou060.
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Keywords: Cancer, Elderly, Hospitalization, Mortality, Quality of Life