National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
Latest available findings on quality of and access to health care
Data
- Data Infographics
- Data Visualizations
- Data Tools
- Data Innovations
- All-Payer Claims Database
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)
- Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS)
- AHRQ Quality Indicator Tools for Data Analytics
- State Snapshots
- United States Health Information Knowledgebase (USHIK)
- Data Sources Available from AHRQ
Search All Research Studies
AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Alcohol Use (2)
- Ambulatory Care and Surgery (1)
- Behavioral Health (5)
- Blood Pressure (1)
- Cancer (8)
- Cancer: Breast Cancer (5)
- Cancer: Colorectal Cancer (9)
- Cancer: Lung Cancer (2)
- Cancer: Prostate Cancer (4)
- Case Study (3)
- Children/Adolescents (9)
- Chronic Conditions (1)
- Colonoscopy (3)
- Community-Based Practice (2)
- Cultural Competence (1)
- Depression (4)
- Diabetes (2)
- Diagnostic Safety and Quality (5)
- Education: Patient and Caregiver (1)
- Elderly (5)
- Electronic Health Records (EHRs) (1)
- Emergency Department (1)
- Emergency Medical Services (EMS) (1)
- Evidence-Based Practice (10)
- Eye Disease and Health (1)
- Guidelines (4)
- Healthcare Costs (3)
- Healthcare Utilization (4)
- Health Information Technology (HIT) (3)
- Health Promotion (2)
- Health Services Research (HSR) (1)
- Health Status (2)
- Heart Disease and Health (3)
- Hepatitis (1)
- Hospitalization (1)
- Hospital Readmissions (1)
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) (3)
- Imaging (5)
- Infectious Diseases (1)
- Inpatient Care (1)
- Intensive Care Unit (ICU) (1)
- Maternal Care (1)
- Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) (1)
- Medicare (1)
- Medication (1)
- Men's Health (1)
- Mortality (1)
- Neurological Disorders (1)
- Newborns/Infants (1)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (3)
- Policy (1)
- Practice Patterns (1)
- Prevention (15)
- Primary Care (5)
- Provider Performance (1)
- Quality of Life (2)
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities (3)
- Respiratory Conditions (1)
- Risk (1)
- (-) Screening (51)
- Sexual Health (3)
- Shared Decision Making (4)
- Sickle Cell Disease (1)
- Substance Abuse (1)
- Tobacco Use (1)
- U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) (16)
- Urban Health (1)
- Vaccination (1)
- Vulnerable Populations (1)
- Women (7)
- Workflow (1)
- Young Adults (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
Sign up: AHRQ Research Studies Email updates
Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 25 of 51 Research Studies DisplayedBouchelle Z, Menko SG, Yazdani M
Parent perspectives on documentation and sharing of health-related social needs data.
This survey aimed to examine parents of pediatric patients’ preferences regarding how health-related social needs (HRSN) screening program data are documented and shared. The authors conducted semi-structured interviews with parents of hospitalized children participating in an HRSN screening program at a quaternary care children's hospital. Interviews were then coded to identify emergent themes. A total of 20 parents were interviewed with all being female, 55% identifying as Black or African American and 20% identifying as Hispanic or Latino. Parents expressed comfort with electronic health record documentation of HRSN data and the use of ICD-10 Revision Z codes as long as this information was used to provide families with meaningful support. Most parents viewed social workers and medical teams as being the most appropriate recipients of the data, with few parents feeling comfortable with HRSN data being shared with payors. Parents wanted transparency around HRSN data sharing, with many expressing concerns that documentation and sharing of HRSN data could lead to unwanted or unsafe disclosures or result in child welfare referrals.
AHRQ-funded; HS028555.
Citation: Bouchelle Z, Menko SG, Yazdani M .
Parent perspectives on documentation and sharing of health-related social needs data.
Hosp Pediatr 2024 Apr; 14(4):308-16. doi: 10.1542/hpeds.2023-007478..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Screening, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT)
Bradford W, Akselrod H, Bassler J
Hospitalization is a missed opportunity for HIV screening, pre-exposure prophylaxis, and treatment.
This multisite, retrospective cohort study of hospitalized patients with opioid use disorder with infectious complications of injection drug use looked at rates of HIV screening, pre-exposure prophylaxis, and treatment among these patients. The authors included 322 patients, with most (300) now known to have HIV. Of those, only 2 had a documented discussion of PrEP, while only 1 was prescribed PrEP on discharge. Among the 22 people with HIV (PWH), only 13 had a viral load collected during admission of whom all were viremic and 10 were successfully linked to care post-discharge. Both groups had high rates of readmission, Medicaid or uninsured status, and unstable housing.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Bradford W, Akselrod H, Bassler J .
Hospitalization is a missed opportunity for HIV screening, pre-exposure prophylaxis, and treatment.
Addict Sci Clin Pract 2024 Mar 26; 19(1):22. doi: 10.1186/s13722-024-00451-z..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Screening, Prevention, Inpatient Care
Liu PH, Singal AG, Murphy CC
Colorectal cancer screening receipt does not differ by 10-year mortality risk among older adults.
This study examined receipt of past-year colorectal cancer (CRC screening) according to predicted 10-year mortality risk among 25,888 community-dwelling adults aged 65-84 years who were not up-to-date with screening in the nationwide National Health Interview Survey. Ten-year mortality risk was estimated using a validated index with the lowest to highest quintiles of the index ranging from 12%-79%. The authors also examined the proportion of screening performed among adults with life expectancy <10 years. They found that the prevalence of past-year CRC screening was 39.5%, 40.6%, 38.7%, 36.4%, and 35.4%, from the lowest to highest quintile of 10-year mortality risk, demonstrating that the odds of CRC screening did not differ in the lowest vs highest quintile. One-quarter of past-year CRC screening occurred in adults with life expectancy <10 years, and more than half (50.7%) of adults aged 75-84 years had 10-year mortality risk ≥50% at the time of screening. Invasive but not noninvasive screening increased as 10-year mortality risk increased among adults aged 70-79 years.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Liu PH, Singal AG, Murphy CC .
Colorectal cancer screening receipt does not differ by 10-year mortality risk among older adults.
Am J Gastroenterol 2024 Feb; 119(2):353-63. doi: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000002536.
Keywords: Elderly, Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Mortality, Screening, Colonoscopy
Miller AC, Koeneman SH, Suneja M
Diurnal temperature variation and the implications for diagnosis and infectious disease screening: a population-based study.
This study’s objective was to describe individual variation in diurnal temperature patterns during episodes of febrile activity using millions of recorded temperatures and evaluate the probability of recording a fever by sex and for different age groups. The authors used timestamped deidentified temperature readings from thermometers across the US to construct illness episodes where continuous periods of activity in a single user included a febrile reading. They modeled the mean temperature recorded and probability of registering a fever across the course of a day using sinusoidal regression models while accounting for user age and sex. They then estimated the probability of recording a fever by time of day for children, working-age adults, and older adults. They found wide variation in body temperatures over the course of a day and across individual characteristics, with temperature patterns differing between men and women, and average temperatures declining for older age groups. There was a wide variation of the likelihood of fever detection by the time of day and by an individual’s age or sex.
AHRQ-authored; HS027375.
Citation: Miller AC, Koeneman SH, Suneja M .
Diurnal temperature variation and the implications for diagnosis and infectious disease screening: a population-based study.
Diagnosis 2024 Feb 1; 11(1):54-62. doi: 10.1515/dx-2023-0074.
Keywords: Infectious Diseases, Screening
Feltner C, Wallace IF, Nowell SW
Screening for speech and language delay and disorders in children 5 years or younger: evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
This evidence report and systematic review reviewed the evidence on screening for speech and language delay or disorders in children 5 years or younger to inform the US Preventive Services Task Force. This literature review looked at English-language studies of screening test accuracy, trials or cohort studies comparing screening vs no screening; randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of interventions. Main outcomes and measures were screening test accuracy, speech and language outcomes, school performance, function, quality of life, and harms. A total of 38 studies in 41 articles were included (N = 9006). There were 21 studies (n = 7489) that assessed the accuracy of 23 different screening tools that varied with regard to whether they were designed to be completed by parents vs trained examiners, and to screen for global (any) language problems vs specific skills (e.g., expressive language). Three studies assessing parent-reported tools for expressive language skills had consistently high sensitivity (range, 88%-93%) and specificity (range, 88%-85%). Other screening tools had widely varying accuracy. Seventeen RCTs (n = 1517) evaluated interventions for speech and language delay or disorders. There were no RCTs included on the harms of interventions.
AHRQ-funded; 75Q80120D00006.
Citation: Feltner C, Wallace IF, Nowell SW .
Screening for speech and language delay and disorders in children 5 years or younger: evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2024 Jan 23; 331(4):335-51. doi: 10.1001/jama.2023.24647..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Children/Adolescents, Screening, Prevention, Evidence-Based Practice
Peaker B, Dooley C B, Peaker B, Dooley C C
AHRQ Author: Peaker B
Screening for syphilis in nonpregnant adolescents and adults.
This case study described a 42-year-old male presenting at the clinic with low back pain that had been radiating down his right leg for one week. Case study questions related to the USPSTF recommendation on Screening for Syphilis in Nonpregnant Adolescents and Adults addressed why this patient was at increased risk, whether screening should take place, and why the USPSTF does not recommend screening for all people.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Peaker B, Dooley C B, Peaker B, Dooley C C .
Screening for syphilis in nonpregnant adolescents and adults.
Am Fam Physician 2024 Jan; 109(1):79-80..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Screening, Evidence-Based Practice, Sexual Health, Children/Adolescents
Balbin CA, Kawamoto K
The SIMPLE architectural pattern for integrating patient-facing apps into clinical workflows: desiderata and application for lung cancer screening.
To address the need for electronic health record (EHR) systems to accept the connection of any patient-facing digital health app using the SMART on FHIR standard, the authors proposed the Standards-based Implementation Maximizing Portability Leveraging the EHR (SIMPLE). SIMPLE’s architectural pattern was designed to meet several key requirements, such as not requiring patients to install new software; not retaining patient data outside of the EHR; leveraging existing personal health record (PHR) capabilities to optimize user experience; and maximizing portability.
AHRQ-funded; HS028791.
Citation: Balbin CA, Kawamoto K .
The SIMPLE architectural pattern for integrating patient-facing apps into clinical workflows: desiderata and application for lung cancer screening.
AMIA Annu Symp Proc 2024 Jan 11; 2023:844-53..
Keywords: Workflow, Health Information Technology (HIT), Cancer: Lung Cancer, Cancer, Screening
Feltner C, Grodensky C, Ebel C
Serologic screening for genital herpes: an updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
This report assessed the evidence on serologic screening and preventive interventions for Genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection in asymptomatic adults and adolescents to support the US Preventive Services Task Force for an updated recommendation statement. It found that serologic screening for genital herpes is associated with a high rate of false-positive test results and potential psychosocial harms.
AHRQ-funded; 290201200015I.
Citation: Feltner C, Grodensky C, Ebel C .
Serologic screening for genital herpes: an updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2016 Dec 20;316(23):2531-43. doi: 10.1001/jama.2016.17138.
.
.
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Sexual Health, Screening, Evidence-Based Practice, Prevention
Gaines TL, Caldwell JT, Ford CL
Relationship between a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention expanded HIV testing initiative and past-year testing by race/ethnicity: a multilevel analysis of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) expanded testing initiative (ETI) aims to bolster HIV testing among populations disproportionately affected by the HIV epidemic by providing additional funding to health departments serving these communities. Controlling for individual- and state-level characteristics, ETI participation was independently and positively associated with past-year testing, but this association varied by race/ethnicity.
AHRQ-funded; HS022811.
Citation: Gaines TL, Caldwell JT, Ford CL .
Relationship between a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention expanded HIV testing initiative and past-year testing by race/ethnicity: a multilevel analysis of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System.
AIDS Care 2016;28(5):554-60. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2015.1131968.
.
.
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Screening, Prevention, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Lee KC, Ngo-Metzger Q, Wolff T
AHRQ Author: Lee KC, Ngo-Metzger Q, Wolff T, Chowdhury J, Meyers DS
Sexually transmitted infections: recommendations from the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.
The USPSTF recommends intensive behavioral counseling for all sexually active adolescents and for adults whose history indicates an increased risk of STIs. These interventions can reduce STI acquisition and risky sexual behaviors, and increase condom use and other protective behaviors. The USPSTF also recommends screening for chlamydia and gonorrhea in all sexually active women 24 years and younger, and in older women at increased risk.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Lee KC, Ngo-Metzger Q, Wolff T .
Sexually transmitted infections: recommendations from the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.
Am Fam Physician 2016 Dec 1;94(11):907-15.
.
.
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Sexual Health, Guidelines, Screening
Kirby JB, Davidoff AJ, Basu J
AHRQ Author: Kirby JB, Basu J
The ACA's zero cost-sharing mandate and trends in out-of-pocket expenditures on well-child and screening mammography visits.
This study used a nationally representative sample of ambulatory care visits to estimate the impact of the zero cost-sharing mandate on out-of-pocket expenditures on well-child and screening mammography visits. It concluded that the Affordable Care Act's zero cost-sharing mandate for preventive care has had a large impact on out-of-pocket expenditures for well-child and mammography visits.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Kirby JB, Davidoff AJ, Basu J .
The ACA's zero cost-sharing mandate and trends in out-of-pocket expenditures on well-child and screening mammography visits.
Med Care 2016 Dec;54(12):1056-62. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000000610.
.
.
Keywords: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), Healthcare Costs, Screening, Women, Policy, Prevention
Martens CE, Crutchfield TM, Laping JL
Why wait until our community gets cancer?: Exploring CRC screening barriers and facilitators in the Spanish-speaking community in North Carolina.
The objectives for this paper were: (1) to improve understanding of preferences regarding potential colorectal cancer (CRC) screening program characteristics, and (2) to improve understanding of the barriers and facilitators around CRC screening with the Hispanic, immigrant community in North Carolina. They found that Hispanics may have a general awareness of and interest in CRC screening, but multiple barriers prevent them from getting screened, and recommended that special attention be given to designing culturally and linguistically appropriate programs to improve access to healthcare resources, insurance, and associated costs among Hispanics.
AHRQ-funded; HS019468.
Citation: Martens CE, Crutchfield TM, Laping JL .
Why wait until our community gets cancer?: Exploring CRC screening barriers and facilitators in the Spanish-speaking community in North Carolina.
J Cancer Educ 2016 Dec;31(4):652-59. doi: 10.1007/s13187-015-0890-4.
.
.
Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Cultural Competence, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Screening
Volk RJ, Linder SK, Lopez-Olivo MA
Patient decision aids for colorectal cancer screening: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
This systematic review describes studies evaluating patient decision aids for colorectal cancer screening in average-risk adults and their impact on knowledge, screening intentions, and uptake. It concluded that decision aids improve knowledge and interest in screening, and lead to increased screening over no information, but their impact on screening is similar to general colorectal cancer screening information.
AHRQ-funded; HS022134.
Citation: Volk RJ, Linder SK, Lopez-Olivo MA .
Patient decision aids for colorectal cancer screening: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Am J Prev Med 2016 Nov;51(5):779-91. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.06.022.
.
.
Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Shared Decision Making, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Healthcare Utilization, Screening
Elmore JG, Cook AJ, Bogart A
Radiologists' interpretive skills in screening vs. diagnostic mammography: are they related?
This study aimed to determine whether radiologists who perform well in screening also perform well in interpreting diagnostic mammography. It evaluated the accuracy of 468 radiologists interpreting 2,234,947 screening and 196,164 diagnostic mammograms and found a moderate correlation for radiologists' accuracy when interpreting screening versus their accuracy on diagnostic examinations.
AHRQ-funded; HS010591.
Citation: Elmore JG, Cook AJ, Bogart A .
Radiologists' interpretive skills in screening vs. diagnostic mammography: are they related?
Clin Imaging 2016 Nov - Dec;40(6):1096-103. doi: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2016.06.014.
.
.
Keywords: Cancer: Breast Cancer, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Screening, Imaging, Women, Provider Performance
Goodwin JS, Sheffield K, Li S
Receipt of cancer screening is a predictor of life expectancy.
The researchers sought to determine the association between receipt of screening mammography or PSA and overall survival. They found that the subjects with prior cancer screening had actual median survivals higher than those who were not screened, with differences ranging from 1.7 to 2.1 years for women and 0.9 to 1.1 years for men.
AHRQ-funded; HS022134.
Citation: Goodwin JS, Sheffield K, Li S .
Receipt of cancer screening is a predictor of life expectancy.
J Gen Intern Med 2016 Nov;31(11):1308-14. doi: 10.1007/s11606-016-3787-y.
.
.
Keywords: Cancer, Cancer: Breast Cancer, Cancer: Prostate Cancer, Screening, Women, Men's Health, Health Status
Scarinci IC, Garces-Palacio IC, Morales-Aleman MM
Sowing the seeds of health: training of community health advisors to promote breast and cervical cancer screening among Latina immigrants in Alabama.
The researchers sought to develop and evaluate a culturally relevant training for Community Health Advisors (CHA) to promote breast and cervical cancer screening among Latina immigrants in Alabama. They found that a knowledge and skills training increased the CHAs' (1) knowledge of cancer screening and other health topics and (2) their perceived confidence to communicate with women in their communities about cancer screening and to motivate them to attain screenings.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Scarinci IC, Garces-Palacio IC, Morales-Aleman MM .
Sowing the seeds of health: training of community health advisors to promote breast and cervical cancer screening among Latina immigrants in Alabama.
J Health Care Poor Underserved 2016;27(4):1779-93. doi: 10.1353/hpu.2016.0162.
.
.
Keywords: Cancer, Cancer: Breast Cancer, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Screening, Women
Chou R, Dana T, Blazina I
Screening for dyslipidemia in younger adults: a systematic review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.
This study's purpose was to update the 2008 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force review on dyslipidemia screening in younger adults. However, no study met the inclusion criteria. As direct evidence remains unavailable, estimating the potential effects of screening for dyslipidemia in younger adults requires extrapolation from studies performed in older adults.
Citation: Chou R, Dana T, Blazina I .
Screening for dyslipidemia in younger adults: a systematic review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.
Ann Intern Med 2016 Oct 18;165(8):560-64. doi: 10.7326/m16-0946.
.
.
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Screening, Young Adults, Heart Disease and Health, Prevention
Halm EA, Beaber EF, McLerran D
Association between primary care visits and colorectal cancer screening outcomes in the era of population health outreach.
The researchers assessed associations between primary care provider (PCP) visits and receipt of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening and colonoscopy after a positive fecal immunochemical (FIT) or fecal occult blood test (FOBT). They found that patients with a greater number of PCP visits had higher rates of both incident CRC screening and colonoscopy after positive FIT/FOBT, even in health systems with active population health outreach programs.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Halm EA, Beaber EF, McLerran D .
Association between primary care visits and colorectal cancer screening outcomes in the era of population health outreach.
J Gen Intern Med 2016 Oct;31(10):1190-7. doi: 10.1007/s11606-016-3760-9..
.
.
Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Colonoscopy, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Primary Care, Screening
Biegler K, Mollica R, Sim SE
AHRQ Author: Ngo-Metzger Q
Rationale and study protocol for a multi-component health information technology (HIT) screening tool for depression and post-traumatic stress disorder in the primary care setting.
The authors described the rationale and protocol of a clustered randomized controlled trial to test the effectiveness of a health information technology (HIT) intervention that provides a multi-component approach to delivering culturally competent mental health care in the primary care setting. They expect the outcomes to include assessing the potential of the HIT intervention to improve screening rates, clinical detection, provider initiation of treatment, and patient outcomes for depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. They suggest that this technology has the potential to be adapted in order to facilitate mental health screening and treatment in the primary care setting.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Biegler K, Mollica R, Sim SE .
Rationale and study protocol for a multi-component health information technology (HIT) screening tool for depression and post-traumatic stress disorder in the primary care setting.
Contemp Clin Trials 2016 Sep;50:66-76. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2016.07.001.
.
.
Keywords: Health Information Technology (HIT), Behavioral Health, Depression, Screening, Primary Care
Kato E, Beswick-Escanlar V
AHRQ Author: Kato E
Screening for depression in adults.
This case study involves a 29-year-old man, who presents to your office for a routine visit. He has a history of being overweight and has hypertension that is controlled by diet and exercise. It poses three multiple choice questions about screening for depression together with the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations and related background information.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Kato E, Beswick-Escanlar V .
Screening for depression in adults.
Am Fam Physician 2016 Aug 15;94(4):305-6.
.
.
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Screening, Depression, Behavioral Health, Case Study
Lozano P, Henrikson NB, Dunn J
Lipid Screening in childhood and adolescence for detection of familial hypercholesterolemia: evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
The researchers systematically reviewed the evidence on benefits and harms of screening adolescents and children for heterozygous Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) for the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF). They found no evidence for the effect of screening for FH in childhood on lipid concentrations or cardiovascular outcomes in adulthood, or on the long-term benefits or harms of beginning lipid-lowering treatment in childhood.
AHRQ-funded.
Citation: Lozano P, Henrikson NB, Dunn J .
Lipid Screening in childhood and adolescence for detection of familial hypercholesterolemia: evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2016 Aug 9;316(6):645-55. doi: 10.1001/jama.2016.6176.
.
.
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Heart Disease and Health, Children/Adolescents, Screening, Evidence-Based Practice
Lozano P, Henrikson NB, Morrison CC
Lipid screening in childhood and adolescence for detection of multifactorial dyslipidemia: evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
The researchers systematically reviewed the evidence on benefits and harms of screening adolescents and children for multifactorial dyslipidemia for the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF). They concluded that diagnostic yield of lipid screening varies by age and body mass index. No direct evidence was identified for benefits or harms of childhood screening or treatment on outcomes in adulthood. Intensive dietary interventions may be safe, with modest short-term benefit of uncertain clinical significance.
AHRQ-funded.
Citation: Lozano P, Henrikson NB, Morrison CC .
Lipid screening in childhood and adolescence for detection of multifactorial dyslipidemia: evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2016 Aug 9;316(6):634-44. doi: 10.1001/jama.2016.6423.
.
.
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Heart Disease and Health, Children/Adolescents, Screening, Evidence-Based Practice
Hinton CF, Homer CJ, Thompson AA
AHRQ Author: Dougherty D
A framework for assessing outcomes from newborn screening: on the road to measuring its promise.
The researchers proposed a framework for assessing outcomes for the health and well-being of children identified through newborn screening programs. As an example, they applied the framework to sickle cell disease and phenylketonuria, two diverse conditions with different outcome measures and potential sources of data. They concluded that their paper presented a customizable outcomes framework for organizing measures for newborn screening condition-specific health outcomes, and an approach to identifying sources and challenges to populating those measures.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Hinton CF, Homer CJ, Thompson AA .
A framework for assessing outcomes from newborn screening: on the road to measuring its promise.
Mol Genet Metab 2016 Aug;118(4):221-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2016.05.017.
.
.
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Health Status, Newborns/Infants, Screening, Sickle Cell Disease
Wernli KJ, Henrikson NB, Morrison CC
Screening for skin cancer in adults: Updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
The researchers updated a systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force regarding clinical skin cancer screening among adults. No randomized clinical trials were identified. There was limited evidence on the association between skin cancer screening and mortality. Future research on skin cancer screening should focus on evaluating the effectiveness of targeted screening in those considered to be at higher risk for skin cancer.
AHRQ-funded.
Citation: Wernli KJ, Henrikson NB, Morrison CC .
Screening for skin cancer in adults: Updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2016 Jul 26;316(4):436-47. doi: 10.1001/jama.2016.5415.
.
.
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Cancer, Screening, Prevention, Evidence-Based Practice
Croswell J, Owings J
Screening for breast cancer.
This case study involves a 47-year-old woman who presents to your office for a well-woman visit. She is healthy, takes no medications, and has no health concerns. She has never been diagnosed with breast cancer, nor have any of her first-degree relatives. Her digital mammography two years ago was negative, and she asks whether she should be screened again this year. The study poses three multiple choice questions together with the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations and related background information.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Croswell J, Owings J .
Screening for breast cancer.
Am Fam Physician 2016 Jul 15;94(2):143-4.
.
.
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Cancer: Breast Cancer, Cancer, Screening, Prevention, Evidence-Based Practice, Women, Imaging, Case Study