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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 2 of 2 Research Studies DisplayedGeanacopoulos AT, Neuman MI, Lipsett SC
Association of chest radiography with outcomes in pediatric pneumonia: a population-based study.
This study’s objective was to evaluate the association of performing a chest radiograph (CXR) with 7-day hospitalization after emergency department (ED) discharge among pediatric patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). This retrospective cohort study included 206,694 children aged 3 months to 17 years discharged from any ED within 8 states from 2014 to 2019. Secondary outcomes included 7-day ED revisits and a 7-day hospitalization with severe CAP. Among these children diagnosed with CAP, rates of 7-day ED revisit, hospitalization, and severe CAP were 8.9%, 1.6%, and 0.4%, respectively. After adjusting for illness severity, CXR was associated with fewer 7-day hospitalizations (1.6% vs 1.7%). CXR performance varied somewhat between EDs (median 91.5%). EDs in the highest quartile had fewer 7-day hospitalizations (1.4% vs 1.9%), ED revisits (8.5% vs 9.4%), and hospitalizations for severe CAP (0.3% vs 0.5%) as compared to EDs with the lowest quartile of CXR utilization.
AHRQ-funded; HS026503.
Citation: Geanacopoulos AT, Neuman MI, Lipsett SC .
Association of chest radiography with outcomes in pediatric pneumonia: a population-based study.
Hosp Pediatr 2023 Jul; 13(7):614-23. doi: 10.1542/hpeds.2023-007142..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Imaging, Pneumonia, Respiratory Conditions, Community-Acquired Infections
Difazio RL, Shore BJ, Melvin P
Pneumonia after hip surgery in children with neurological complex chronic conditions.
The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to estimate rates of postoperative pneumonia in children with neurological complex chronic conditions (CCC) undergoing hip surgery, to determine the effect of pneumonia on postoperative hospital resource use, and to identify predictors. Researchers used data from the Pediatric Health Information System for children 4 years and older with a neurological CCC who had undergone hip surgery from 2016 to 2018 in U.S. children's hospitals. Findings indicate that postoperative pneumonia in children with a neurological CCC was associated with longer length-of-stay, readmissions, and higher costs. Children who had undergone pelvic osteotomies and who had multimorbidity needed additional clinical support to prevent postoperative pneumonia and to decrease resource utilization.
AHRQ-funded; HS024453.
Citation: Difazio RL, Shore BJ, Melvin P .
Pneumonia after hip surgery in children with neurological complex chronic conditions.
Dev Med Child Neurol 2023 Feb; 65(2):232-42. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.15339..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Surgery, Neurological Disorders, Pneumonia, Respiratory Conditions, Hospital Readmissions, Adverse Events