National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
Latest available findings on quality of and access to health care
Data
- Data Infographics
- Data Visualizations
- Data Tools
- Data Innovations
- All-Payer Claims Database
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)
- Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS)
- AHRQ Quality Indicator Tools for Data Analytics
- State Snapshots
- United States Health Information Knowledgebase (USHIK)
- Data Sources Available from AHRQ
Search All Research Studies
AHRQ Research Studies Date
AHRQ Research Studies
Sign up: AHRQ Research Studies Email updates
Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 6 of 6 Research Studies DisplayedOke I, Slopen N, Hunter DG
Vision testing for adolescents in the US.
The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to characterize patterns in vision testing as a function of age among United States adolescents and identify sociodemographic factors related with vision testing. The researchers utilized data from 24,752 adolescent children (aged 12 to <18 years) from the 2018-2019 National Survey of Children's Health, a nationally representative survey of the noninstitutionalized United States pediatric population. The primary outcome of the study was the caregiver report of vision testing within the last 12 months. Vision testing in any setting within the previous year was reported by caregivers of 18,621 adolescents. Vision testing was reported to have occurred at an eye clinic in 13,323 participants, at a primary care clinic in 5,230 participants, at a school in 2,594 participants, and at a health center in 635 participants. The rate of adolescents reported to have vision tested decreased with age due to a decrease in testing in primary care and school settings. After adjusting for age and sex, there were lower odds of vision testing reported for adolescents who were uninsured vs insured, had caregivers with less than vs greater than high school education, and were from a family born outside vs inside the United States.
AHRQ-funded; HS000063.
Citation: Oke I, Slopen N, Hunter DG .
Vision testing for adolescents in the US.
JAMA Ophthalmol 2023 Nov; 141(11):1068-72. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2023.4475..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Eye Disease and Health, Screening
Oke I, Nihalani BR, VanderVeen DK
Axial length and corneal curvature of normal eyes in the first decade of life.
The study aimed to establish normative curves for axial length and corneal curvature in children aged 0 to 10 years without ocular pathology. Measurements from 100 children revealed median axial length increasing from 20.6 mm at age one to 23.1 mm at age ten, while median average keratometry decreased from 44.1 D to 43.5 D over the same period. Normative charts were developed to aid in identifying abnormal eye measurements and managing conditions like glaucoma or cataract.
AHRQ-funded; HS000063.
Citation: Oke I, Nihalani BR, VanderVeen DK .
Axial length and corneal curvature of normal eyes in the first decade of life.
Eur J Ophthalmol 2023 Nov; 33(6):2217-21. doi: 10.1177/11206721231167643.
Keywords: Eye Disease and Health, Children/Adolescents
Oke I, Gaier ED, Repka MX
Factors associated with visual acuity improvement with a binocular digital therapeutic for amblyopia.
Researchers combined data from amblyopic children enrolled in two prospective open-label pilot studies and a randomized trial of a binocular digital therapeutic to identify factors associated with positive response to amblyopia treatment. Treatment response was not found to be associated with age, severity of amblyopia, or prior treatment status. The researchers noted that although their findings may suggest broad efficacy for this treatment approach, further investigation in larger cohorts is needed to identify factors associated with treatment response.
AHRQ-funded; HS000063.
Citation: Oke I, Gaier ED, Repka MX .
Factors associated with visual acuity improvement with a binocular digital therapeutic for amblyopia.
J AAPOS 2023 Oct; 27(5):300-03. doi: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2023.06.007..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Eye Disease and Health
Oke I, Gaier ED, Mantagos IS
Periodic trends in internet searches for ocular symptoms in the US.
This cross-sectional study examined publicly available Google Trends data on searching ocular symptoms from the United States from 2015 to 2019. The authors compiled a list of common ocular symptoms from the American Academy of Ophthalmology Eye Health website and Wills Eye Manual, with symptoms stratified into categories involving vision change, eye pain, or eye redness. Seasonal trends were demonstrated by 45% of the ocular symptoms included in this investigation. Search terms with best fit to the periodic model included stye, pink eye, dry eye, blurry vision, and swollen eye. Periodic search terms were more likely to involve eye redness (21% vs. 11%) and less likely to involve vision change (11% vs. 36%). Queries involving eye redness most often peaked in the spring and those involving eye pain peaked in the summer.
AHRQ-funded; HS000063.
Citation: Oke I, Gaier ED, Mantagos IS .
Periodic trends in internet searches for ocular symptoms in the US.
Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2023 Aug; 30(4):352-57. doi: 10.1080/09286586.2022.2119260..
Keywords: Eye Disease and Health
Oke I, Lutz SM, Hunter DG
Use and costs of instrument-based vision screening for US children aged 12 to 36 months.
This research letter describes a cohort study that examined patterns and out-of-pocket costs of instrument-based vision screening among US children 12 to 36 months. The authors used 2018 MarketScan Commerical Claims and Encounters data as of January 1, 2018 and excluded those with fewer than 12 months of continuous insurance coverage, enrollment in capitated insurance plans, no preventive care encounters, or missing data on residents. The study included 246,077 children. Instrument-based vision screening was received by 19.5% (n = 48,101) of children during 2018. Median (IQR) practitioner payment for instrument-based vision screening claims was $13. Screening incurred out-of-pocket expenses for 7% of children; 30% of these children had expenses related to co-payment, 20.2% to coinsurance, and 50.7% to deductibles. Median (IQR) out-of-pocket expense was $11. Increased odds of vision screening were associated with older age, high-deductible plan enrollment, having more than 1 preventative visit, and receiving care within an area in the highest quartile of practitioner payment. This study was limited by use of commercial claims data, which excluded 45% of children with public or no coverage. Nationwide prevalence of vision screening therefore may differ for the general population.
AHRQ-funded; HS000063.
Citation: Oke I, Lutz SM, Hunter DG .
Use and costs of instrument-based vision screening for US children aged 12 to 36 months.
JAMA Pediatr 2023 Jul; 177(7):728-30. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.0808..
Keywords: Newborns/Infants, Eye Disease and Health, Screening, Prevention, Healthcare Costs
Oke I, Reshef ER, Elze T
Smoking is associated with a higher risk of surgical intervention for thyroid eye disease in the IRIS registry.
This study’s purpose was to describe the association of smoking status with surgical intervention for thyroid eye disease (TED) at the population-level. This retrospective cohort study included all adults (aged ≥18 years) with Graves disease (87,774 total) in the Intelligent Research in Sight (IRIS) Registry (January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2020). Primary outcomes were surgical intervention for TED, stratified into orbital decompression, strabismus surgery, and eyelid recession surgery. The median age was 59 years, and 81% were female. Current smokers had a greater 5-year cumulative probability of orbital decompression (3.7% vs 1.9%), strabismus surgery (4.6% vs 2.2%), and eyelid recession (4.1% vs 2.6%) compared to never smokers. After adjusting for demographic factors, current smokers were at greater risk for orbital decompression, strabismus surgery, and eyelid recession than never smokers. Former smokers were at higher risk for each type of surgery for TED, although at lower levels than current smokers.
AHRQ-funded; HS000063.
Citation: Oke I, Reshef ER, Elze T .
Smoking is associated with a higher risk of surgical intervention for thyroid eye disease in the IRIS registry.
Am J Ophthalmol 2023 May; 249:174-82. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2023.01.020..
Keywords: Tobacco Use, Eye Disease and Health