National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
Latest available findings on quality of and access to health care
Data
- Data Infographics
- Data Visualizations
- Data Tools
- Data Innovations
- All-Payer Claims Database
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)
- Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS)
- AHRQ Quality Indicator Tools for Data Analytics
- State Snapshots
- United States Health Information Knowledgebase (USHIK)
- Data Sources Available from AHRQ
Search All Research Studies
AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Arthritis (1)
- Asthma (2)
- Blood Pressure (1)
- Cancer: Colorectal Cancer (2)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (1)
- Caregiving (2)
- Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) (1)
- Children/Adolescents (8)
- Chronic Conditions (5)
- Comparative Effectiveness (1)
- Complementary and Alternative Medicine (1)
- Cultural Competence (1)
- Diabetes (3)
- Disabilities (2)
- Disparities (2)
- Education (1)
- Elderly (3)
- Emergency Department (1)
- Emergency Medical Services (EMS) (1)
- Evidence-Based Practice (2)
- Family Health and History (2)
- Healthcare Costs (5)
- Healthcare Delivery (1)
- Healthcare Utilization (2)
- Health Information Technology (HIT) (2)
- Health Insurance (10)
- Health Literacy (1)
- Health Promotion (1)
- Health Status (2)
- Heart Disease and Health (1)
- Hospital Readmissions (1)
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) (2)
- Lifestyle Changes (2)
- (-) Low-Income (39)
- Maternal Care (1)
- Medicaid (3)
- Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) (2)
- Medicare (2)
- Medication (1)
- Nutrition (6)
- Obesity (2)
- Obesity: Weight Management (1)
- Orthopedics (1)
- Outcomes (2)
- Patient-Centered Healthcare (1)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (2)
- Patient Adherence/Compliance (1)
- Patient Safety (1)
- Patient Self-Management (3)
- Payment (1)
- Policy (3)
- Pregnancy (1)
- Primary Care (3)
- Provider Performance (1)
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities (10)
- Risk (2)
- Rural/Inner-City Residents (1)
- Rural Health (1)
- Screening (2)
- Social Determinants of Health (12)
- Uninsured (4)
- Urban Health (2)
- Vaccination (1)
- Vulnerable Populations (8)
- Web-Based (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
Sign up: AHRQ Research Studies Email updates
Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
26 to 39 of 39 Research Studies DisplayedHigashi RT, Craddock Lee SJ, Leonard T
Multiple comorbidities and interest in research participation among clients of a nonprofit food distribution site.
The researchers sought to better understand the health needs of a nonclinical population to inform future research and interventions. Their analysis of focus group findings led them to conclude that Crossroads Community Services clients represent a high-need, under-reached population willing to engage in health-related research that affords them opportunity to connect with peers in group settings and obtain information to improve management of daily life challenges.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Higashi RT, Craddock Lee SJ, Leonard T .
Multiple comorbidities and interest in research participation among clients of a nonprofit food distribution site.
Clin Transl Sci 2015 Oct;8(5):584-90. doi: 10.1111/cts.12325.
.
.
Keywords: Nutrition, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Disparities, Low-Income, Vulnerable Populations
Brenner AT, Ko LK, Janz N
Race/ethnicity and primary language: health beliefs about colorectal cancer screening in a diverse, low-income population.
The purpose of this paper was to explore whether health belief model (HBM) constructs pertaining to colorectal cancer (CRC) screening differ by race/ethnicity and primary language. Understanding how different populations think about CRC screening may be critical in promoting screening in diverse populations.
AHRQ-funded; HS013853.
Citation: Brenner AT, Ko LK, Janz N .
Race/ethnicity and primary language: health beliefs about colorectal cancer screening in a diverse, low-income population.
J Health Care Poor Underserved 2015 Aug;26(3):824-38. doi: 10.1353/hpu.2015.0075.
.
.
Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Cultural Competence, Low-Income, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Screening
Ratanawongsa N, Karter AJ, Quan J
Reach and validity of an objective medication adherence measure among safety net health plan members with diabetes: a cross-sectional study.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of continuous medication gap (CMG) for diverse, low-income managed care members with diabetes. It concluded that CMG demonstrated acceptable inclusiveness and validity in a diverse, low-income safety net population, comparable with its performance in studies among other insured populations.
AHRQ-funded; HS020684; HS022561; HS017261.
Citation: Ratanawongsa N, Karter AJ, Quan J .
Reach and validity of an objective medication adherence measure among safety net health plan members with diabetes: a cross-sectional study.
J Manag Care Spec Pharm 2015 Aug;21(8):688-98. doi: 10.18553/jmcp.2015.21.8.688..
Keywords: Diabetes, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Patient Self-Management, Medication, Low-Income
Balaban RB, Galbraith AA, Burns ME
A patient navigator intervention to reduce hospital readmissions among high-risk safety-net patients: a randomized controlled trial.
The researchers sough to determine if an intervention by patient navigators, hospital-based Community Health Workers, reduces readmissions among high risk, low socioeconomic status patients. They found that, overall, 30-day readmission rates did not differ between intervention and control patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS020628.
Citation: Balaban RB, Galbraith AA, Burns ME .
A patient navigator intervention to reduce hospital readmissions among high-risk safety-net patients: a randomized controlled trial.
J Gen Intern Med 2015 Jul;30(7):907-15. doi: 10.1007/s11606-015-3185-x..
Keywords: Hospital Readmissions, Low-Income, Social Determinants of Health, Patient Safety
Buys DR, Howard VJ, McClure LA
Association between neighborhood disadvantage and hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control in older adults: results from the University of Alabama at Birmingham Study of Aging.
The investigators evaluated the effect of neighborhood disadvantage (ND) on older adults' prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension. Using data from the University of Alabama at Birmingham Study of Aging along with US Census data, they created tertiles of ND and found that living in mid-ND and high-ND tertiles was associated with higher hypertension prevalence, and living in high-ND tertiles was further associated with lower odds of controlled hypertension.
AHRQ-funded; HS019465; HS013852.
Citation: Buys DR, Howard VJ, McClure LA .
Association between neighborhood disadvantage and hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control in older adults: results from the University of Alabama at Birmingham Study of Aging.
Am J Public Health 2015 Jun;105(6):1181-8. doi: 10.2105/ajph.2014.302048.
.
.
Keywords: Elderly, Blood Pressure, Low-Income, Social Determinants of Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Chronic Conditions
Sommers BD, Maylone B, Nguyen KH
The impact of state policies on ACA applications and enrollment among low-income adults in Arkansas, Kentucky, and Texas.
The researchers surveyed nearly 3,000 low-income adults in late 2014 to compare experiences in three states with markedly different policies: Kentucky, Arkansas, and Texas. They found that application rates, successful enrollment, and positive experiences with the ACA were highest in Kentucky, followed by Arkansas, with Texas performing worst. Limited awareness remains a critical barrier: Fewer than half of adults had heard some or a lot about the coverage expansions.
AHRQ-funded; HS021291.
Citation: Sommers BD, Maylone B, Nguyen KH .
The impact of state policies on ACA applications and enrollment among low-income adults in Arkansas, Kentucky, and Texas.
Health Aff 2015 Jun;34(6):1010-8. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2015.0215..
Keywords: Policy, Low-Income, Medicaid, Health Insurance
Sasson C, Haukoos JS, Ben-Youssef L
Barriers to calling 911 and learning and performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation for residents of primarily Latino, high-risk neighborhoods in Denver, Colorado.
The goal of this study was to identify barriers and facilitators to calling 911, and learning and performing CPR in 5 low-income, Latino neighborhoods in Denver, CO. Six key barriers to calling 911 were identified: fear of becoming involved because of distrust of law enforcement, financial, immigration status, lack of recognition of cardiac arrest event, language, and violence.
AHRQ-funded; HS017526; HS021749.
Citation: Sasson C, Haukoos JS, Ben-Youssef L .
Barriers to calling 911 and learning and performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation for residents of primarily Latino, high-risk neighborhoods in Denver, Colorado.
Ann Emerg Med 2015 May;65(5):545-52.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2014.10.028..
Keywords: Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Social Determinants of Health, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Low-Income
Hudson JL, Hill SC, Selden TM
AHRQ Author: Hudson JL, Hill SC, Selden TM
If rollbacks go forward, up to 14 million children could become ineligible for public or subsidized coverage by 2019.
This study investigated the potential health insurance options available to low-income children if federal CHIP funding ends in 2017 or if federal requirements change in 2019, allowing states to roll back Medicaid- and CHIP-eligibility thresholds to minimum levels. It found that the percentage of low-income children ineligible for public coverage or subsidized Marketplace coverage would increase from 22 percent in 2014 (12.5 million children) to 46 percent after 2019 (26.5 million children).
Citation: Hudson JL, Hill SC, Selden TM .
If rollbacks go forward, up to 14 million children could become ineligible for public or subsidized coverage by 2019.
Health Aff 2015 May;34(5):864-70. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2015.0004..
Keywords: Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP), Children/Adolescents, Health Insurance, Low-Income
Leis JA, Solomon BS, Wasserman KE
Preventing postpartum depression in a pediatric primary care clinic: a pilot study.
The goal of this study was to integrate an evidence-based preventive intervention for perinatal depression—the Mothers and Babies (MB) Course—into a pediatric primary care clinic serving low-income, minority families, and to explore intervention acceptability and preliminary outcomes. Findings from this pilot study provide preliminary evidence for the acceptability and feasibility of implementing an evidence-based preventive intervention for postpartum depression.
AHRQ-funded; HS017596.
Citation: Leis JA, Solomon BS, Wasserman KE .
Preventing postpartum depression in a pediatric primary care clinic: a pilot study.
Clin Pediatr 2015 May;54(5):487-90. doi: 10.1177/0009922814536775..
Keywords: Pregnancy, Primary Care, Evidence-Based Practice, Low-Income, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Latulipe C, Gatto A, Nguyen HT
Design considerations for patient portal adoption by low-income, older adults.
This paper describes the results of an interview study investigating facilitators and barriers to adoption of patient portals among low-income, older adults in rural and urban populations in the southeastern United States. The authors then present a set of considerations for designing the patient portal user experience, aimed at helping healthcare clinics to meet U.S. federally-mandated 'meaningful use' requirements.
AHRQ-funded; HS021679.
Citation: Latulipe C, Gatto A, Nguyen HT .
Design considerations for patient portal adoption by low-income, older adults.
Proc SIGCHI Conf Hum Factor Comput Syst 2015 Apr;2015:3859-68. doi: 10.1145/2702123.2702392..
Keywords: Health Information Technology (HIT), Web-Based, Low-Income, Elderly
Hill SC
AHRQ Author: Hill SC
Medicaid expansion in opt-out states would produce consumer savings and less financial burden than exchange coverage.
This study simulated potential differences in out-of-pocket spending for uninsured adults gaining eligibility for Marketplace coverage (silver plan) because their states have not used the provisions of the Affordable Care Act to expand Medicaid. Compared with having a Marketplace silver plan, being able to take advantage to expanded Medicaid would reduce average out-of-pocket spending by more than 50 percent for these adults and their families.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Hill SC .
Medicaid expansion in opt-out states would produce consumer savings and less financial burden than exchange coverage.
Health Aff. 2015 Feb;34(2):340-9. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2014.1058..
Keywords: Healthcare Costs, Health Insurance, Policy, Low-Income, Medicaid, Uninsured
Ejebe IH, Jacobs EA, Wisk LE
Persistent differences in asthma self-efficacy by race, ethnicity, and income in adults with asthma.
The objective of this population-based study was to determine if and to what extent there are differences in asthma self-efficacy by race/ethnicity and income, and whether health status, levels of acculturation, and health care factors may explain these differences. It found that racial/ethnic minorities and individuals living in poverty have the lowest levels of asthma self-efficacy.
AHRQ-funded; HS000063.
Citation: Ejebe IH, Jacobs EA, Wisk LE .
Persistent differences in asthma self-efficacy by race, ethnicity, and income in adults with asthma.
J Asthma 2015 Feb;52(1):105-13. doi: 10.3109/02770903.2014.947429..
Keywords: Asthma, Patient Self-Management, Social Determinants of Health, Low-Income, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Glenn BA, Tsui J, Singhal R
Factors associated with HPV awareness among mothers of low-income ethnic minority adolescent girls in Los Angeles.
The investigators studied demographic factors associated with HPV awareness among low-income, ethnic minority mothers in Los Angeles County. Using data from the Los Angeles County Department of Public Health Office of Women's Health, they found that one in three participants had never heard of HPV or the vaccine, with mothers unaware of HPV being significantly more likely to conduct the interview in a language other than English and to lack health insurance for their daughters. HPV vaccine awareness was much lower in this caregiver sample than in a simultaneous national survey of caregivers.
AHRQ-funded; HS000046.
Citation: Glenn BA, Tsui J, Singhal R .
Factors associated with HPV awareness among mothers of low-income ethnic minority adolescent girls in Los Angeles.
Vaccine 2015 Jan 3;33(2):289-93. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.11.032.
.
.
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Low-Income, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Social Determinants of Health, Vaccination
Lee J, Ding R, Zeger SL
Impact of subsidized health insurance coverage on emergency department utilization by low-income adults in Massachusetts.
The authors aimed to estimate the change in emergency department (ED) utilization per individual among a cohort who qualified for subsidized health insurance following the Massachusetts health care reform. They concluded that expanding subsidized health insurance did not uniformly change ED utilization for all newly insured low-income adults in Massachusetts.
AHRQ-funded; HS017957.
Citation: Lee J, Ding R, Zeger SL .
Impact of subsidized health insurance coverage on emergency department utilization by low-income adults in Massachusetts.
Med Care 2015 Jan;53(1):38-44. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000000279.
.
.
Keywords: Emergency Department, Healthcare Utilization, Health Insurance, Policy, Low-Income