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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Burnout (4)
- Care Coordination (1)
- Communication (1)
- Community-Based Practice (1)
- Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS) (1)
- COVID-19 (4)
- Diagnostic Safety and Quality (1)
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- (-) Provider: Health Personnel (14)
- Provider: Nurse (2)
- Provider: Physician (1)
- Provider Performance (1)
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- Quality of Care (1)
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities (1)
- Risk (1)
- Screening (1)
- Simulation (1)
- Social Determinants of Health (1)
- Stress (1)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 14 of 14 Research Studies DisplayedSexton JB, Adair KC, Cu X
Effectiveness of a bite-sized web-based intervention to improve healthcare worker wellbeing: a randomized clinical trial of WISER.
The purpose of this randomized controlled trial was to test the effectiveness of the Web-based Implementation for the Science of Enhancing Resilience (WISER) intervention, a positive psychology program constructed to improve six dimensions of the wellbeing of healthcare workers (HCW). The researchers utilized cohorts comprised of actively employed HCWs across the United States: cohort 1 received WISER web-based intervention in the form of links daily for 10 days exposing them to videos and positive psychology exercises; cohort 2 served as a 14-day waiting list control before receiving the same. The study found that at 1 week, when compared to the control group, WISER significantly improved depressive symptoms, work-life integration, happiness, emotional thriving, and emotional recovery, but not emotional exhaustion. Results of the combined cohort 1, 6, and 12 months revealed that all 6 wellbeing outcomes were significantly improved relative to the baseline. At the 6-month assessment, 87% of partifipants reported favorable impressions of WISER.
AHRQ-funded; HS027837.
Citation: Sexton JB, Adair KC, Cu X .
Effectiveness of a bite-sized web-based intervention to improve healthcare worker wellbeing: a randomized clinical trial of WISER.
Front Public Health 2022 Dec 8; 10:1016407. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1016407..
Keywords: Provider: Health Personnel, Burnout, Stress
Kostelanetz S, Pettapiece-Phillips M, Weems J
Health care professionals' perspectives on universal screening of social determinants of health: a mixed-methods study.
The purpose of this AHRQ-funded study was to assess health care providers’ perceptions of universal social determinants of health (SDH) screening. Th researchers used mixed methods of electronic surveys and qualitative interviews to assess health care providers (physicians, administrators, advanced practice providers, nurses, pharmacists, social workers, and case managers) on their perceptions of universal SDH screening at an academic medical center. The electronic survey evaluated SDH screening practices, attitudes and barriers to universal screening, priorities for SDH domains, and disciplines to perform screening. There were 193 survey participants, representing a 62.5% response rate, most of which were physicians (31%) or social workers (22%). Ninety-three percent of respondents reported using SDH information in patient care, with 95% reporting that social workers were the most appropriate for providing screening. Barriers to SDH screening which were identified included lacking the: resources to address the needs which were identified (51%); time to ask (45%); staff to ask (33%) and; training in responding to the identified needs (28%). Social worker staff reported barriers less frequently than non- social worker staff. The qualitative interview (n=16) results were utilized to elaborate the electronic survey findings and identify themes. Qualitative interview data supported the survey findings and described barriers such as lack of standardized approaches and professional burnout. The researchers concluded that health care providers support universal social determinants of health screening and recommend that strategies to address barriers to implementation should include improving SDH data access for providers and capitalize on social worker expertise.
AHRQ-funded; HS026122.
Citation: Kostelanetz S, Pettapiece-Phillips M, Weems J .
Health care professionals' perspectives on universal screening of social determinants of health: a mixed-methods study.
Popul Health Manag 2022 Jun;25(3):367-74. doi: 10.1089/pop.2021.0176..
Keywords: Social Determinants of Health, Screening, Provider: Health Personnel
Dube WC, Kellogg JT, Adams C
Quantifying risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection among nursing home workers for the 2020-2021 winter surge of the COVID-19 pandemic in Georgia, USA.
This study’s objective was to estimate incidence of risks for COVID-19 infection among nursing home staff in the state of Georgia during the 2020-2021 Winter surge in the US. Staff at fourteen nursing homes were given a survey and serologic testing at 2 time points with 3-month interval exposure assessment. At the first time point, 203 study eligible contracted or employed staff members from these participating nursing homes were seronegative. At the second time point, 72 (35.5%) had evidence of interval infection. Among unvaccinated staff, infection rates were significantly higher among nurses and certified nursing assistants accounting for race and interval infection incidence in both the community and facility.
AHRQ-funded; HS025987.
Citation: Dube WC, Kellogg JT, Adams C .
Quantifying risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection among nursing home workers for the 2020-2021 winter surge of the COVID-19 pandemic in Georgia, USA.
J Am Med Dir Assoc 2022 Jun;23(6):942-46.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2022.02.014..
Keywords: COVID-19, Nursing Homes, Provider: Health Personnel, Risk, Public Health
Sutherland BL, Pecanac K, LaBorde TM
Good working relationships: how healthcare system proximity influences trust between healthcare workers.
The authors interviewed healthcare workers who worked with proximal and distributed colleagues to care for patients with diabetic foot ulcers and analyzed transcripts using content analysis. They found that proximal, compared to distributed, dyads had more options available for interactions which, in turn, facilitated communication and working together to build trust. Further, few effective tools existed at the level of interprofessional collaborations, teams, or broader healthcare systems to support trust between distributed healthcare workers.
AHRQ-funded; HS026279.
Citation: Sutherland BL, Pecanac K, LaBorde TM .
Good working relationships: how healthcare system proximity influences trust between healthcare workers.
J Interprof Care 2022 May-Jun;36(3):331-39. doi: 10.1080/13561820.2021.1920897..
Keywords: Health Systems, Provider, Provider: Health Personnel
Ahern J, Singer S, Bhanja A
Considering dentists within the healthcare team: a cross-sectional, multi-state analysis of primary care provider and staff perspectives.
The authors used novel survey data to examine the extent to which primary care providers, other providers, and staff consider dentists part of the healthcare team, and assessed associated practice and individual characteristics. Their findings indicated that dentists are frequently not considered part of the healthcare team in primary care settings. Further, varied responses within practices suggested that provider and staff perceptions may pose challenges to integrating dentists into primary care. Respondents in practices with more integrated diabetes care management processes were more likely to consider dentists as part of the healthcare team, reflecting dental care recommendations made by the American Diabetes Association.
AHRQ-funded; HS024067.
Citation: Ahern J, Singer S, Bhanja A .
Considering dentists within the healthcare team: a cross-sectional, multi-state analysis of primary care provider and staff perspectives.
J Gen Intern Med 2022 Jan;37(1):246-48. doi: 10.1007/s11606-020-06564-w..
Keywords: Primary Care, Provider: Health Personnel, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Care Coordination
Duffy B, Miller J, Vitous CA
Intersystem medical error discovery: a document analysis of ethical guidelines.
The authors conducted a document analysis of ethical guidelines concerning how providers should respond to other providers' errors, especially when they occur outside the provider's facility or system (intersystem medical error discovery [IMED]). They found that ethics codes provided little guidance on communication regarding IMED scenarios, and in some cases, the guidance was internally conflicting.
AHRQ-funded; HS026030.
Citation: Duffy B, Miller J, Vitous CA .
Intersystem medical error discovery: a document analysis of ethical guidelines.
J Patient Saf 2021 Dec 1;17(8):e1765-e73. doi: 10.1097/pts.0000000000000625..
Keywords: Medical Errors, Patient Safety, Provider: Health Personnel, Communication
Baughman AW, Renton M, Wehbi NK
Building community and resilience in Massachusetts nursing homes during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Researchers discuss the partnership of the Massachusetts Senior Care Association and Hebrew SeniorLife with AHRQ ECHO National Nursing Home COVID-19 Action Network (the Network). This educational program provided 16 weeks of free weekly virtual sessions to 295 eligible nursing homes. The Network weekly meetings were a source of connection, emotional support, and validation and may be a valuable mechanism to support resilience and wellbeing for nursing home staff.
AHRQ-funded; 75Q80120C00003.
Citation: Baughman AW, Renton M, Wehbi NK .
Building community and resilience in Massachusetts nursing homes during the COVID-19 pandemic.
J Am Geriatr Soc 2021 Oct;69(10):2716-21. doi: 10.1111/jgs.17389..
Keywords: COVID-19, Elderly, Nursing Homes, Evidence-Based Practice, Provider: Health Personnel, Education: Continuing Medical Education, Training
Profit J, Adair KC, Cui X
Randomized controlled trial of the "WISER" intervention to reduce healthcare worker burnout.
The objective of this randomized control study was to test web-based implementation for the science of enhancing resilience (WISER) intervention efficacy in reducing healthcare worker (HCW) burnout. The study was designed using two cohorts of HCWs of four NICUs each, to improve HCW well-being (primary outcome: burnout). Cohort 1 received WISER while Cohort 2 acted as a waitlist control.
AHRQ-funded; HS027837.
Citation: Profit J, Adair KC, Cui X .
Randomized controlled trial of the "WISER" intervention to reduce healthcare worker burnout.
J Perinatol 2021 Sep;41(9):2225-34. doi: 10.1038/s41372-021-01100-y..
Keywords: Burnout, Provider: Health Personnel
Adams LB, Richmond J, Watson SN
Community health worker training curricula and intervention outcomes in African American and Latinx communities: a systematic review.
This systematic review examined research on the relationship between community health worker (CHW) training curricula and intervention outcomes conducted among African American and Latinx populations. Studies included were quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods studies employed to conduct outcome and process evaluations of CHW-led interventions. Out of 3,295 articles from the extensive literature search, only 36 met the review’s inclusion criteria. Overall, the strength of evidence linking specific CHW training curricula components to primary health interventions in conditions such as hypertension and diabetes was weak, and no studies directly linked outcomes to specific characteristics of CHW training. Studies that discussed training related to didactic sessions or classified as high intensity reported higher percentages of positive outcomes compared to other CHW training methods.
AHRQ-funded; HS000032; HS026122.
Citation: Adams LB, Richmond J, Watson SN .
Community health worker training curricula and intervention outcomes in African American and Latinx communities: a systematic review.
Health Educ Behav 2021 Aug;48(4):516-31. doi: 10.1177/1090198120959326..
Keywords: Community-Based Practice, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Training, Outcomes, Provider: Health Personnel
Byhoff E, Paulus JK, Guardado R
Healthcare workers' perspectives on coronavirus testing availability: a cross sectional survey.
This article describes a survey that was conducted during the first wave of the COVID pandemic during March-August 2020 of hospital workers on their perceptions of, access to, and receipt of COVID testing. A survey was given to all hospital employees in a single academic medical center in Boston, Massachusetts. A total of 2543 employees responded to the survey. Respondents were mostly female (76%), white (55%), with the mean age being 40 years. They were nurses (27%), administrators (22%), and patient support roles (22%) of which 56% of respondents wanted COVID testing. Age, full-time status, employment tenure, changes in quality of life, changes in job duties, and worries about enough sick paid leave were associated with testing. Nurses were more likely to want testing than administrators and patient support staff.
AHRQ-funded; HS026008.
Citation: Byhoff E, Paulus JK, Guardado R .
Healthcare workers' perspectives on coronavirus testing availability: a cross sectional survey.
BMC Health Serv Res 2021 Jul 21;21(1):719. doi: 10.1186/s12913-021-06741-5..
Keywords: COVID-19, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Provider: Health Personnel, Public Health
Castle NG
Measuring caregiver retention in nursing homes.
This study examined the retention of nursing home caregivers using a survey of nursing home administrators conducted in 2016 from 2,898 facilities. Survey data was matched with Nursing Home Compare and the Certification and Survey Provider Enhanced Reporting data. Four measures of retention were associated with each of three types for caregivers: nurse aids (NAs), registered nurses (RNs), and licensed practical nurses with six quality indicators. Retention rates at 5 years was shown to be low for all three of these caregiver types. Regression estimates showed some support for the theory that different measures of retention were more/less associated with quality. The 3- and 5-year retention measures had the strongest associations with quality of care.
AHRQ-funded; HS021980.
Citation: Castle NG .
Measuring caregiver retention in nursing homes.
Gerontologist 2021 Jun 2;61(4):e118-e28. doi: 10.1093/geront/gnab012..
Keywords: Nursing Homes, Long-Term Care, Provider: Health Personnel, Workforce
Haidari E, Main EK, Cui X
Maternal and neonatal health care worker well-being and patient safety climate amid the COVID-19 pandemic.
The purpose of this study was to assess the perspectives of maternal and neonatal healthcare workers (HCWs) on well-being and patient safety amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Using HCW surveys, findings showed that 66% of respondents reported symptoms of burnout and 73% felt that burnout among their co-workers had significantly increased. Compared to physicians, nurses reported higher rates of unprofessional behavior and difficulty focusing on work. The authors concluded that three months into the COVID-19 pandemic, HCW well-being was substantially compromised, with negative ramifications for patient safety.
AHRQ-funded; HS027837.
Citation: Haidari E, Main EK, Cui X .
Maternal and neonatal health care worker well-being and patient safety climate amid the COVID-19 pandemic.
J Perinatol 2021 May;41(5):961-69. doi: 10.1038/s41372-021-01014-9..
Keywords: COVID-19, Burnout, Patient Safety, Provider: Nurse, Provider: Health Personnel, Maternal Care
Willard-Grace R, Knox M, Huang B
Primary care clinician burnout and engagement association with clinical quality and patient experience.
Burnout and engagement are commonly conceptualized as opposite ends of a spectrum, and there is concern that high clinician burnout and lack of engagement may adversely impact patient care. In this study, the investigators matched self-reported data on burnout and engagement for 182 primary care clinicians with data on clinical quality (cancer screenings, hypertension and diabetes control) and patient experience (Clinician and Group Survey-Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems [CG-CAHPS] communication scores, overall rating, and likelihood to recommend the clinic).
AHRQ-funded; HS026067.
Citation: Willard-Grace R, Knox M, Huang B .
Primary care clinician burnout and engagement association with clinical quality and patient experience.
J Am Board Fam Med 2021 May-Jun;34(3):542-52. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2021.03.200515..
Keywords: Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), Burnout, Patient Experience, Patient and Family Engagement, Provider: Clinician, Provider: Physician, Quality of Care, Provider: Nurse, Provider: Health Personnel
Mazur LM, Adams R, Mosaly PR
Effect of simulation-based training and neurofeedback interventions on radiation technologists' workload, situation awareness, and performance.
The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of a combined intervention - simulation-based training supported by neurofeedback sessions - on radiation technologists' (RTs') workload, situation awareness, and performance during routine quality assurance and treatment delivery tasks. The investigators found that RTs randomized to simulation-based training followed by neurofeedback sessions demonstrated no significant changes in perceived workload or situation awareness scores but did have better performance compared with other study groups (P < .01).
AHRQ-funded; HS025597.
Citation: Mazur LM, Adams R, Mosaly PR .
Effect of simulation-based training and neurofeedback interventions on radiation technologists' workload, situation awareness, and performance.
Pract Radiat Oncol 2021 Mar-Apr;11(2):e124-e33. doi: 10.1016/j.prro.2020.08.005..
Keywords: Simulation, Training, Provider Performance, Provider: Health Personnel