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Search All Research Studies
Topics
- Back Health and Pain (1)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (2)
- Comparative Effectiveness (1)
- (-) Evidence-Based Practice (8)
- Heart Disease and Health (2)
- Hospitalization (1)
- Hospital Readmissions (1)
- Medical Devices (1)
- Mortality (1)
- Orthopedics (5)
- Outcomes (4)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (4)
- (-) Rehabilitation (8)
- Surgery (8)
- Transplantation (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 8 of 8 Research Studies DisplayedKonnyu KJ, Thoma LM, Cao W
Prehabilitation for total knee or total hip arthroplasty: a systematic review.
This systematic review sought to examine evidence on the benefits and harms of prehabilitation interventions for patients scheduled to undergo elective, unilateral total knee arthroplasty or total hip arthroplasty surgery for the treatment of primary osteoarthritis. Evidence from 13 total knee arthroplasty studies suggested that prehabilitation may result in increased strength and reduced length of hospital stays and may not lead to increased harms; it may be comparable in terms of pain, range of motion, and activities of daily living. No evidence or insufficient evidence was found for all other outcomes after total knee arthroplasty. No evidence or insufficient evidence was found for all total hip arthroplasty outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; 75Q80120D00001.
Citation: Konnyu KJ, Thoma LM, Cao W .
Prehabilitation for total knee or total hip arthroplasty: a systematic review.
Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2023 Jan;102(1):1-10. doi: 10.1097/phm.0000000000002006..
Keywords: Rehabilitation, Orthopedics, Evidence-Based Practice, Surgery
Konnyu KJ, Pinto D, Cao W
Rehabilitation for total hip arthroplasty: a systematic review.
This systematic review sought to determine the comparative benefits and harms of rehabilitation interventions for patients who had undergone elective, unilateral total hip arthroplasty (THA) for the treatment of primary osteoarthritis. Evidence from 15 studies suggested that individual rehabilitation programs may not differ in terms of risk of harm, outcomes of pain, strength, activities of daily living, or quality of life. No differences in outcomes were found between different rehabilitation programs after THA. The authors concluded that further evidence is needed to inform decisions on which rehabilitation program attributes are most effective for various outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; 75Q80120D00001.
Citation: Konnyu KJ, Pinto D, Cao W .
Rehabilitation for total hip arthroplasty: a systematic review.
Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2023 Jan;102(1):11-18. doi: 10.1097/phm.0000000000002007..
Keywords: Rehabilitation, Orthopedics, Surgery, Evidence-Based Practice
Konnyu KJ, Thoma LM, Cao W
Rehabilitation for total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review.
This systematic review sought to determine comparative benefits and harms of rehabilitation interventions for patients had undergone elective, unilateral total knee arthroplasty for the treatment of primary osteoarthritis. Evidence from 53 studies suggested that diverse rehabilitation programs may lead to comparable improvements in pain, range of motion, and activities of daily living. No studies reported evidence of risk of harms due to rehabilitation delivered in the acute period nor among various postacute rehabilitation programs. All findings were of low strength of evidence.
AHRQ-funded; 75Q80120D00001.
Citation: Konnyu KJ, Thoma LM, Cao W .
Rehabilitation for total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review.
Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2023 Jan;102(1):19-33. doi: 10.1097/phm.0000000000002008..
Keywords: Rehabilitation, Surgery, Orthopedics, Evidence-Based Practice
Kittelson AJ, Loyd BJ, Graber J
Examination of exclusion criteria in total knee arthroplasty rehabilitation trials: influence on the application of evidence in day-to-day practice.
This study investigated whether total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients seen in routine practice who meet common exclusion criteria in clinical trials recover differently compared to research-eligible patients. Postoperative functional outcomes were compared using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and Timed Up and Go (TUG). A total of 2,528 participants from 27 trials were compared to 474 patients from the clinical dataset. Research participants were older, with lower BMI than patients in the clinical dataset. There were no differences observed in functional recovery rate between groups, except for patients with diabetes whose TUG recovered more slowly than “eligible” patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS024316.
Citation: Kittelson AJ, Loyd BJ, Graber J .
Examination of exclusion criteria in total knee arthroplasty rehabilitation trials: influence on the application of evidence in day-to-day practice.
J Eval Clin Pract 2021 Dec;27(6):1335-42. doi: 10.1111/jep.13564..
Keywords: Orthopedics, Surgery, Rehabilitation, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice, Outcomes
Hsieh CJ, DeJong G, Vita M
AHRQ Author: Hsieh CJ
Effect of outpatient rehabilitation on functional mobility after single total knee arthroplasty: a randomized clinical trial.
Researchers compared post-total knee arthroplasty (TKA) functional mobility outcomes among 3 newly-developed physical therapy protocols with a standard-of-care post-TKA rehabilitation protocol. They found no statistically or clinically significant differences in outcomes across the 4 study arms (control, treadmill, neuromuscular stimulation device, and combination intervention). As outcomes were similar among arms, they recommended that clinicians instead consider relative cost in tailoring TKA rehabilitation.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Hsieh CJ, DeJong G, Vita M .
Effect of outpatient rehabilitation on functional mobility after single total knee arthroplasty: a randomized clinical trial.
JAMA Netw Open 2020 Sep;3(9):e2016571. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.16571..
Keywords: Rehabilitation, Orthopedics, Surgery, Outcomes, Evidence-Based Practice
Bachmann JM, Shah AS, Duncan MS
Cardiac rehabilitation and readmissions after heart transplantation.
Cardiac transplant recipients always are referred to cardiac rehabilitation (CR) after transplantation, and is associated with a lower 1-year readmission risk. This study’s objective was to determine rates of CR for heart transplant recipients in the US and also 1-year readmission rates using 2013-2014 Medicare data. Out of the 2,531 heart transplant patients in the US in 2013, about 24% received Medicare coverage and were included in the study. Rates of CR utilization was only, with only 55% participating in the program. Younger transplant patients ages 35 to 49 years were less likely to initiate CR than patients 65 and older. In all groups patients did not attend all 36 prescribed sessions, with a mean of 26.7 sessions attended. The 1-year readmission risk was 29% lower for CR participation patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS022990.
Citation: Bachmann JM, Shah AS, Duncan MS .
Cardiac rehabilitation and readmissions after heart transplantation.
J Heart Lung Transplant 2018 Apr;37(4):467-76. doi: 10.1016/j.healun.2017.0.017.
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Keywords: Transplantation, Surgery, Rehabilitation, Cardiovascular Conditions, Heart Disease and Health, Hospital Readmissions, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Evidence-Based Practice
Bachmann JM, Duncan MS, Shah AS
Association of cardiac rehabilitation with decreased hospitalizations and mortality after ventricular assist device implantation.
This study examined whether outcomes of cardiac patients who had received ventricular assist device (VAD) implementation had decreased hospitalization and mortality with cardiac rehabilitation (CR). Medicare beneficiaries enrolled for disability or aged 65 years and older in 2014 were included. The investigators identified VAD recipients by diagnosis codes. It was found that each 5-year increase in age was associated with attending an additional 1.6 CR sessions and there was a 23% lower 1-year hospitalization risk and a 47% lower 1-year mortality risk.
AHRQ-funded; HS022990.
Citation: Bachmann JM, Duncan MS, Shah AS .
Association of cardiac rehabilitation with decreased hospitalizations and mortality after ventricular assist device implantation.
JACC Heart Fail 2018 Feb;6(2):130-39. doi: 10.1016/j.jchf.2017.11.002..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Rehabilitation, Heart Disease and Health, Medical Devices, Surgery, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Mortality, Evidence-Based Practice, Hospitalization
Skolasky RL, Maggard AM, Wegener ST
Telephone-based intervention to improve rehabilitation engagement after spinal stenosis surgery: a prospective lagged controlled trial.
A prospective interventional trial was conducted, to compare the effectiveness of health behavior change counseling with usual care to improve health outcomes after lumbar spine surgical procedures. The investigators found that health behavior change counseling improved health outcomes during the first 12 months after the surgical procedure through changes in rehabilitation engagement.
AHRQ-funded; HS017990.
Citation: Skolasky RL, Maggard AM, Wegener ST .
Telephone-based intervention to improve rehabilitation engagement after spinal stenosis surgery: a prospective lagged controlled trial.
J Bone Joint Surg Am 2018 Jan 3;100(1):21-30. doi: 10.2106/jbjs.17.00418..
Keywords: Back Health and Pain, Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Rehabilitation, Surgery