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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- (-) Cancer (5)
- Cancer: Colorectal Cancer (1)
- Cancer: Prostate Cancer (2)
- (-) Comparative Effectiveness (5)
- Diagnostic Safety and Quality (1)
- Evidence-Based Practice (3)
- Outcomes (2)
- Palliative Care (1)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (3)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 5 of 5 Research Studies DisplayedMullins BT, Basak R, Broughman JR
Patient-reported sexual quality of life after different types of radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy: analysis of a population-based prospective cohort.
This study compares the effects of different types of radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy on sexual function. A population-based cohort of 835 men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer from 2011 through 2013 was recruited in collaboration with the Rapid Case Ascertainment system of the North Carolina Central Cancer Registry. They were enrolled prior to treatment and followed retrospectively using the validated Prostate Cancer Symptom Indices (PCSI) instrument. The sexual function scores were compared among patients who received the following treatment types: external-beam RT (EBRT), EBRT with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), brachytherapy, nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy (RP), and non-nerve-sparing RP. The cohort was surveyed at 24 months post-therapy, and RT alone was found to result in the best preservation of sexual function with brachytherapy, RT with ADT, and nerve-sparing RP yielding similar outcomes. Patients treated with non-nerve-sparing RP experienced the worst sexual function outcome.
AHRQ-funded.
Citation: Mullins BT, Basak R, Broughman JR .
Patient-reported sexual quality of life after different types of radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy: analysis of a population-based prospective cohort.
Cancer 2019 Oct 15;125(20):3657-65. doi: 10.1002/cncr.32288..
Keywords: Quality of Life, Sexual Health, Surgery, Treatments, Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Cancer: Prostate Cancer, Cancer, Evidence-Based Practice
Niu X, Amendola LM, Hart R
Clinical exome sequencing vs. usual care for hereditary colorectal cancer diagnosis: a pilot comparative effectiveness study.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical exome sequencing (CES) compared to usual care (UC) in the diagnostic work-up of inherited colorectal cancer/polyposis (CRCP) in a randomized controlled trial (RCT). The investigators indicate that their results suggest that CES provides similar clinical benefits to multi-gene panels in the diagnosis of hereditary CRCP.
AHRQ-funded; HS021686.
Citation: Niu X, Amendola LM, Hart R .
Clinical exome sequencing vs. usual care for hereditary colorectal cancer diagnosis: a pilot comparative effectiveness study.
Contemp Clin Trials 2019 Sep;84:105820. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2019.105820..
Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Cancer, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice
Schmidt B, Eapen RS, Cowan JE
Practice patterns of primary EBRT with and without ADT in prostate cancer treatment.
This study investigated usage of external-beam radiation therapy (EBRT), with or without neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), using data from a community-based prospective disease registry (CaPSURE). Data on 1337 men diagnosed between 1990 and 2014 with localized disease who received EBRT as primary treatment was compared. The authors conclude that use of ADT in conjunction with primary EBRT has increased in frequency and duration since 1990, and that men who received ADT have higher risk characteristics than those who receive EBRT alone.
AHRQ-funded; HS019356.
Citation: Schmidt B, Eapen RS, Cowan JE .
Practice patterns of primary EBRT with and without ADT in prostate cancer treatment.
Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2019 Mar;22(1):117-24. doi: 10.1038/s41391-018-0084-3..
Keywords: Cancer: Prostate Cancer, Cancer, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Practice Patterns, Evidence-Based Practice, Comparative Effectiveness, Outcomes, Treatments
Deutsch GB, Deneve JL, Al-Kasspooles MF
Intellectual equipoise and challenges: accruing patients with advanced cancer to a trial randomizing to surgical or nonsurgical management (SWOG S1316).
Prospective, randomized trials are needed to determine optimal treatment approaches for palliative care problems such as malignant bowel obstruction (MBO). In this paper, the authors report their experience accruing randomized patients to the Prospective Comparative Effectiveness Trial for Malignant Bowel Obstruction (SWOG S1316) study, comparing surgical and nonsurgical management of MBO. Accrual is ongoing. Experience gained from the S1316 study can aid future palliative care trials. They note that it is possible to randomize patients to palliative studies by giving clinicians clear recommendations utilizing an algorithm of conversation, allotment of necessary time to discuss the trial, and encouragement to overcome internal bias.
AHRQ-funded; HS021491.
Citation: Deutsch GB, Deneve JL, Al-Kasspooles MF .
Intellectual equipoise and challenges: accruing patients with advanced cancer to a trial randomizing to surgical or nonsurgical management (SWOG S1316).
Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2020 Jan;37(1):12-18. doi: 10.1177/1049909119851471..
Keywords: Cancer, Surgery, Comparative Effectiveness, Palliative Care
Singal AG, Tiro JA, Murphy CC
Mailed outreach invitations significantly improve HCC surveillance rates in patients with cirrhosis: a randomized clinical trial.
Mailed outreach invitations significantly improve HCC surveillance rates in patients with cirrhosis: a randomized clinical trial.
Hepatology 2019 Jan;69(1):121-30. doi: 10.1002/hep.30129.
In this study, the investigators compared the effectiveness of mailed outreach and patient navigation strategies to increase hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance in a racially diverse cohort of patients with cirrhosis. They conducted a pragmatic randomized clinical trial comparing mailed outreach for screening ultrasound, mailed outreach plus patient navigation, or usual care with visit-based screening. The investigators concluded that mailed outreach invitations and navigation significantly increased HCC surveillance versus usual care in patients with cirrhosis.
Hepatology 2019 Jan;69(1):121-30. doi: 10.1002/hep.30129.
In this study, the investigators compared the effectiveness of mailed outreach and patient navigation strategies to increase hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance in a racially diverse cohort of patients with cirrhosis. They conducted a pragmatic randomized clinical trial comparing mailed outreach for screening ultrasound, mailed outreach plus patient navigation, or usual care with visit-based screening. The investigators concluded that mailed outreach invitations and navigation significantly increased HCC surveillance versus usual care in patients with cirrhosis.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Singal AG, Tiro JA, Murphy CC .
Mailed outreach invitations significantly improve HCC surveillance rates in patients with cirrhosis: a randomized clinical trial.
Hepatology 2019 Jan;69(1):121-30. doi: 10.1002/hep.30129..
Keywords: Cancer, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Prevention, Comparative Effectiveness, Screening