National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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Topics
- (-) Cancer (4)
- Cancer: Breast Cancer (1)
- Cancer: Colorectal Cancer (1)
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- Disparities (1)
- Education: Patient and Caregiver (1)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 4 of 4 Research Studies DisplayedMarcotte LM, Deeds S, Wheat C
Automated opt-out vs opt-in patient outreach strategies for breast cancer screening: a randomized clinical trial.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect on breast cancer screening of an opt-out automatic mammography referral strategy compared with an opt-in automated telephone message strategy. Participants in the pragmatic randomized clinical trial, conducted at a Veterans Affairs (VA) medical center, were female veterans aged 45-75 eligible for breast cancer screening and enrolled in VA primary care. The results indicated that the opt-out population-based breast cancer screening outreach approach compared with an opt-in approach did not result in a significant difference in mammography completion, but did lead to more canceled mammography referrals, which increased staff burden.
AHRQ-funded; HS026369.
Citation: Marcotte LM, Deeds S, Wheat C .
Automated opt-out vs opt-in patient outreach strategies for breast cancer screening: a randomized clinical trial.
JAMA Intern Med 2023 Nov; 183(11):1187-94. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.4321..
Keywords: Cancer: Breast Cancer, Cancer, Screening, Prevention, Health Promotion
Danan ER, White KM, Wilt TJ
Reactions to recommendations and evidence about prostate cancer screening among White and Black male veterans.
This study looked at differences in attitudes about recommendations and evidence on prostate cancer screening among White and Black male veterans. The authors provided a draft educational pamphlet about the benefits and harms of Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) screening to 44 men, ages 55-81 at a midwestern VA medical center in 2013 and 2015. The groups were divided into four White and two Black focus groups. Three universal themes were low baseline familiarity with prostate cancer, surprise and resistance to the guidelines not to test routinely, and negative emotions in response to ambiguity. Discussions in the White groups highlighted the potential benefits of screening, minimized the harms, and emphasized personal choice in screening decisions. Discussions in Black groups devoted almost no time to benefits, considered harms significant, and emphasized personal and collective responsibility for cancer prevention through diet, exercise, and alternative medicine. Discussion in Black groups also emphasized the history of racism and discrimination in healthcare and medical research.
AHRQ-funded; HS026379.
Citation: Danan ER, White KM, Wilt TJ .
Reactions to recommendations and evidence about prostate cancer screening among White and Black male veterans.
Am J Mens Health 2021 May-Jun;15(3):15579883211022110. doi: 10.1177/15579883211022110..
Keywords: Cancer: Prostate Cancer, Cancer, Screening, Prevention, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Evidence-Based Practice, Health Promotion, Education: Patient and Caregiver
Nelson HD, Cantor A, Wagner J
Effectiveness of patient navigation to increase cancer screening in populations adversely affected by health disparities: a meta-analysis.
This study evaluated the effectiveness of patient navigation to increase screening for colorectal, breast, and cervical cancer in populations adversely affected by health care disparities. Two of the investigators independently abstracted study data and assessed study quality and applicability using criteria adapted from the USPSTF. Findings indicated that, in populations adversely affected by disparities, colorectal, breast, and cervical cancer screening rates were higher in patients provided navigation services.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500009I.
Citation: Nelson HD, Cantor A, Wagner J .
Effectiveness of patient navigation to increase cancer screening in populations adversely affected by health disparities: a meta-analysis.
J Gen Intern Med 2020 Jul 22;35(10):3026-35. doi: 10.1007/s11606-020-06020-9..
Keywords: Cancer, Disparities, Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Screening, Prevention, Women, Health Promotion
Singal AG, Tiro JA, Marrero JA
Mailed outreach program increases ultrasound screening of patients with cirrhosis for hepatocellular carcinoma.
The researchers compared effectiveness of mailed outreach strategies, with and without patient navigation, in increasing the numbers of patients with cirrhosis undergoing surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in a racially diverse and socioeconomically disadvantaged cohort. They found outreach strategies to double the percentage of patients with cirrhosis who underwent ultrasound screening for HCC. However, adding patient navigation to telephone reminders provided no significant additional benefit.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Singal AG, Tiro JA, Marrero JA .
Mailed outreach program increases ultrasound screening of patients with cirrhosis for hepatocellular carcinoma.
Gastroenterology 2017 Feb;152(3):608-15.e4. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2016.10.042.
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Keywords: Cancer, Health Promotion, Patient and Family Engagement, Screening